Osmolal gap
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2008-01-22T04:29:56Z
SkierRMH
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clean up w/defaultsort , replaced: Category:Electrolyte disturbance → Category:Electrolyte disturbances using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]]
'''Osmolal gap''' is the difference between measured [[serum osmolality]] and calculated serum osmolality.
It is typically calculated as:
OG = measured serum osmolality - (2 X serum [[sodium]] + [[blood sugar|serum glucose]]/18] + serum [[urea]]/2.8/])
Where:
* 2 X serum sodium + serum glucose + serum urea = the calculated serum osmolality and all measures are in [[mmol/L]].
* OG = osmolal gap
In US customary units the calculated osmolarity is: ( 2 x sodium ) + glucose/18 + BUN/2.8.
A normal osmolal gap is < 12 mmol/L.
Causes of an elevated osmolal gap are numerous. Noted causes are:
*[[ethanol]] intoxication
*[[methanol]] ingestion
*[[ethylene glycol]] ingestion
==See also==
*[[Osmolality]]
*[[Metabolic acidosis]]
==External links==
*[http://www.fpnotebook.com/REN79.htm Osmolar gap] - fpnotebook.com
*[http://www.fpnotebook.com/REN78.htm Serum Osmolality] - fpnotebook.com
*[http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/AcidBaseBook/ab3_5.php Acid-Base Physiology]
[[Category:Electrolyte disturbances]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]