Ouija 250910 226035947 2008-07-16T15:21:32Z PsycheMan 1073444 /* External links */ Added dmoz link {{Refimprove|date=February 2008}} {{Spiritualism_small}} {{dablink|For the photographer, see [[Weegee]]. For the 2007 Philippine film, see [[Ouija (film)]].}} A '''ouija board''' (correctly pronounced "wee-jah" /wiʤə/ although often pronounced "wee-gee" /wiʤi/ ) is any flat surface printed with letters, numbers, and other symbols, to which a [[planchette]] or movable indicator points, supposedly in answer to questions from people at a [[séance]]. The fingers of the participants are placed on the planchette that then moves about the board to spell out messages. Ouija is a trademark for a talking board currently sold by [[Parker Brothers]].<ref>[http://tess2.uspto.gov/bin/gate.exe?f=doc&state=l8vapg.2.4 United States Patent and Trademark Office] retrieved 22/08/07</ref> While the word is not considered a [[genericized trademark]], it has become a [[List of proprietary eponyms based on active trademarks|trademark that is often used generically]] to refer to any talking board. In popular culture these boards are considered to be a spiritual gateway used to contact the dead; however, the only evidence for this is the various accounts of users. ==History== [[Image:D056449.png|333px|thumb|right|{{US patent|D056449}}. [[Design patent]] for toys (D21/813) which was filed May 26, 1920. Issued Oct 26, 1920. Patentee was Clifford H. McGlasson.]] According to some sources, {{Who|date=February 2008}} the first historical mention of something resembling a Ouija board is found in [[China]] around 1200 B.C., a divination method known as [[Fuji (planchette writing)|''fuji'']] 扶乩 "planchette writing".{{Fact|date=August 2007}} Other sources claim that according to a French historical account of the philosopher [[Pythagoras]], in 540 B.C. his sect would conduct [[séances]] at "a mystic table, moving on wheels, moved towards signs, which the philosopher and his pupil, [[Philolaus]], interpreted to the audience as being revelations supposedly from an unseen world."<ref>Melton, J. Gordon (1996). Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology (4th ed.). Gale Research. ISBN 0-8103-9487-1</ref> However, other sources call both claims into dispute, claiming that ''fuji'' is spirit writing, not the use of a spirit board, and that there is no record of Pythagoras or his students actually having used this method of achieving oracles or divinations.<ref name="museum">[http://www.museumoftalkingboards.com/ancient.html Museum of Talking Boards: Ancient Ouija Boards, Fact or Fiction?<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> In addition, the claim of ancient Greek use is called into doubt by questions of historical accuracy, as [[Philolaus]] was never the pupil of [[Pythagoras]], and indeed was born roughly twenty-five years after [[Pythagoras]]'s death. The first undisputed use of the talking boards came with the [[Spiritualism (religious movement)|Modern Spiritualist Movement]] in [[The United States]] in the mid-19th century. Methods of [[divination]] at that time used various ways to spell out messages, including swinging a [[pendulum]] over a plate that had letters around the edge or using an entire table to indicate letters drawn on the floor. Often used was a small wooden tablet supported on casters. This tablet, called a planchette, was affixed with a pencil that would write out messages in a fashion similar to [[automatic writing]]. These methods may predate modern Spiritualism. During the late 1800s, planchettes were widely sold as a novelty. The businessmen [[Elijah Bond]] and Charles Kennard had the idea to [[patent]] a [[planchette]] sold with a board on which the alphabet was printed. The patentees filed on May 28, 1890 for patent protection and thus had invented the first Ouija board. Issue date on the patent was February 10, 1891. They received {{US patent|446054}}. Bond was an attorney and was an inventor of other objects in addition to this device. An employee of Kennard, [[William Fuld]] took over the talking board production and in 1901, he started production of his own boards under the name "Ouija".<ref name="museum"/> The Fuld name would become synonymous with the Ouija board, as Fuld reinvented its history, claiming that he himself had invented it. Countless talking boards from Fuld's competitors flooded the market and all these boards enjoyed a heyday from the 1920s through the 1960s. Fuld sued many companies over the "Ouija" name and concept right up until his death in 1927. In 1966, Fuld's estate sold the entire business to Parker Brothers, who continues to hold all trademarks and patents. About 10 brands of talking boards are sold today under various names.<ref name="museum"/> ===Etymology=== There are several theories about the origin of the term "Ouija". According to one of these, the word is derived from the [[French language|French]] "oui" (for "yes") and the [[German language|German]] "ja" (also for "yes"). An alternative story suggests that the name was revealed to inventor Charles Kennard during a Ouija séance and was claimed to be an [[Ancient Egyptian]] word meaning "good luck." It has also been suggested that the word was inspired by the name of the [[Morocco|Moroccan]] city [[Oujda]]. Despite its common usage, "Ouija" is a [[registered trademark]]{{Fact|date=May 2008}} (but the term "Ouija Board" has been [[trademark#Maintaining trademark rights — abandonment and genericide|abandoned as a registered trademark]]{{Fact|date=May 2008}}). ==Explanation== ===Scientific explanation=== Users subconsciously direct the path of the triangle to produce a word that is in that person's subconscious thought process. This subconscious behavior is known as [[ideomotor effect|ideomotor action]], a term coined by William Carpenter in 1882. It is also known as automatism.<ref>[http://paranormal.about.com/cs/ouijaboards/f/blfaq_ouija02.htm]</ref> Some people may be convinced the "powers" of the ouija board are real because they are unaware that they are in fact moving the piece and therefore assume that the piece must be moving due to some other "spiritual force". The subconscious thought process may produce an answer that is different from what the user expected in their conscious thought process&mdash;thus perpetuating the idea that the board has "mystical powers". ===Spiritualist explanation=== [[spiritualism|Spiritualists]] who believe Ouija boards can be used to make actual contact with the spirit world feel that the act of hindering a medium’s ability to use his or her own eyes while the board is in use effectively places too great of a handicap on the whole exercise (see [[Ad hoc#Ad hoc hypothesis|ad hoc hypothesis]]). This argument stems from the belief that contacted spirits actually utilize the eyes of the medium during a Ouija session in order to point to the letters and words needed to form a message. Most believers of this notion believe that the board has no intrinsic power in and of itself, but rather, is used simply as a tool to aid a medium while in communication with the spirit world.<ref>[http://www.museumoftalkingboards.com/theories.html Museum of Talking Boards]</ref> ==Literature== <!-- Note: this section is about literature written, at least partially, by USING a ouija board, not literature ABOUT ouija boards --> Talking boards have become an iconic part of culture, demonstrated by their appearances in many books and movies. Their roles in such vary from being a benign object to an evil entity. A more peculiar role of talking boards in literature stems from authors using the board to channel complete written works from the deceased. In the early 1900s, [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] housewife [[Pearl Curran]] used her Ouija board communications with the ubiquitous spirit [[Patience Worth]] to publish a number of poems and prose. Pearl claimed that all of the writings came to her through séances, which she allowed the public to attend. In 1917 writer [[Emily G. Hutchings]], a friend of Pearl Curran's, believed she had communicated with and written a book dictated by [[Mark Twain]] from her Ouija board. Twain's living descendants went to court to halt publication of the book that was later determined to be so poorly written that it could not have been written by Twain dead or alive. [[Sylvia Plath]]'s poem ''Ouija'' was influenced by the experiments she and [[Ted Hughes]] made with a board. Her ''Dialogue over a Ouija Board'', written in 1957, incorporates the text of one of the sessions. Author [[John G. Fuller]] used a Ouija board in his research for his 1976 book ''[[The Ghost of Flight 401]]''. As he was skeptical of its effectiveness, he worked with a [[Medium (spirituality)|medium]] and claimed they both contacted [[Don Repo]], the flight engineer on the flight which crashed into the Everglades ''en route'' to Miami. According to Fuller, the information divined described facts that neither he nor the medium previously knew. More recently, [[Pulitzer Prize]] winning poet [[James Merrill]] used a Ouija board and recorded what he claimed were messages from a number of deceased persons. He combined these messages with his own poetry in ''[[The Changing Light at Sandover]]'' (1982). ==Criticism of ouija boards== Although ouija boards are viewed by some to be a simple toy, there are people who believe they can be harmful, including [[Edgar Cayce]], who called them "dangerous."<ref>''An American Prophet'', Sidney D. Kirkpatrick, Riverhead Books, 2000</ref> Critics warn that "evil demons" pretend to be cooperative [[ghosts]] in order to trick players into becoming [[spiritual possession|spiritually possessed]]. Some practitioners claim to have had bad experiences related to the use of talking boards by being haunted by "demons," seeing apparitions of spirits, and hearing voices after using them. A few [[paranormal]] researchers, such as [[John Zaffis]], claim that the majority of the worst cases of so-called [[demon]] harassment and possession are caused by the use of Ouija boards. The American demonologists [[Ed and Lorraine Warren]], stated that "Ouija boards are just as dangerous as drugs."<ref>''Graveyard'' Ed and Lorraine Warren, 1992, pages 137-138</ref> They further state that "séances and Ouija boards and other occult paraphernalia are dangerous because 'evil spirits' often disguise themselves as your loved ones—and take over your life."<ref>''Graveyard'' Ed and Lorraine Warren, 1992, pages 137-138</ref> In 1944, occultist [[Manly P. Hall]], the founder of the Philosophical Research Society and an early authority on the occult in the 20th century, stated in Horizon magazine that, "during the last 20-25 years I have had considerable personal experience with persons who have complicated their lives through dabbling with the Ouija board. Out of every hundred such cases, at least 95 are worse off for the experience." He went on to say that, "I know of broken homes, estranged families, and even suicides that can be traced directly to this source."<ref> ''Horizon Magazine'', Manly P. Hall, October-December 1944, pages 76-77</ref> Many Christians hold the belief that using a Ouija board allows communication with [[demons]], which they say is [[Bible|Biblically]] forbidden as a form of divination.<ref>[http://cicministry.org/commentary/issue83.htm ''Contemporary Christian Divination'', by Bob DeWaay]</ref> Some people who claim to have been oppressed by evil spirits after using a board say that they could only get rid of these problems after Christian deliverance.<ref>''Dialog with a Demon, by Lona Kay''</ref> Many Christians believe that no dead person's soul can be summoned, and that the only summoned spirits are demons who are trying to harm humans.<ref>The Ouija Board:A Doorway to the Occult, Edmund C. Gruss, P & R Publishing, Chapter 3, 1994.</ref> As early as 1924, [[Harry Houdini]] wrote that five people from [[Carrito, California|Carrito]], [[California]] were driven insane by using a board.<ref>''A Magician Among the Spirits'', Harry Houdini, Harper, 1924</ref> That same year, [[Carl Wickland|Dr. Carl Wickland]] in his book stated that "the serious problem of alienation and mental derangement attending ignorant psychic experiments was first brought to my attention by cases of several persons whose seemingly harmless experiences with automatic writing and the Ouija board resulted in such wild insanity that commitment to asylums was necessitated."<ref>''Thirty years Among the Dead'', Dr. Carl Wickland, 1934</ref> The former medical director of the State Insane Asylum of [[New Jersey]], Dr. Curry, stated that the Ouija board was a "dangerous factor" in unbalancing the mind and believed that if their popularity persisted insane asylums would be filled with people who used them.<ref>''Edmund ''The Ouija Board: Doorway to the Occult'', [[Edmund C. Gruss]], Moody Press, Chicago, Illinois 1995 page 75.</ref> Decades later, in 1965, [[Parapsychology|parapsychologist]] [[Martin Ebon]] in his book ''Satan Trap: Dangers of the Occult'', states that "it all may start harmlessly enough, perhaps with a Ouija board," which will, "bring startling information... establishing credibility or identifying itself as someone who is dead. It is common that people... as having been 'chosen' for a special task." He continues, "Quite often the Ouija turns vulgar, abusive or threatening. It grows demanding and hostile, and sitters may find themselves using the board compulsively, as if 'possessed' by a spirit, or hearing voices that control or command them."<ref>''Satan Trap: Dangers of the Occult, Martin Ebon</ref> In her 1971 autobiography, the [[psychic]] [[Susy Smith]] said, "Warn people away from Ouija and [[automatic writing]]. I experienced many of the worst problems of such involvement. Had I been forewarned by reading that such efforts might cause one to run the risk of being mentally disturbed, I might have been more wary."<ref>''Confessions of a Psychic'', Susy Smith, 1971</ref> Additionally, the late [[Roman Catholic]] priest [[Malachi Martin]] believed talking boards are dangerous and claimed that by using these devices a person opens themselves to demonic oppression or possession, topics upon which Martin spoke and wrote extensively for many years.<ref>''Hostage to the Devil: The Possession and Exorcism of Five Americans'', Malachi Martin, 1976''</ref> ==Crowley and modern occultism== Little is published regarding [[Aleister Crowley]]'s advocacy of the ouija board. Yet, he had great admiration for the use of one and the Ouija board played a passing role in his magical workings.<ref>Cornelious, J. Edward ''[[Aleister Crowley and the Ouija Board]].'' 2005 ISBN 978-1-932595-10-9</ref><ref>Mini site for Cornelious, J. Edward’s book, ''[[Aleister Crowley and the Ouija Board]]'', http://feralhouse.com/press/mini_sites/ouija/ </ref> [[Jane Wolfe]], who lived with Crowley at his infamous Abbey of Thelema, also used the Ouija board. She credits some of her greatest spiritual communications to use of this implement. Crowley also discussed the Ouija board with another of his students, and the most ardent of them, [[Frater Achad]] ([[Charles Stansfeld Jones]]): it is frequently mentioned in their unpublished letters. in 1917 Achad experimented with the board as a means of summoning Angels, as opposed to [[Elemental]]s. In one letter Crowley told Jones: ''"Your Ouija board experiment is rather fun. You see how very satisfactory it is, but I believe things improve greatly with practice. I think you should keep to one angel, and make the magical preparations more elaborate."'' Over the years, both became so fascinated by the board that they discussed marketing their own design. Their discourse culminated in a letter, dated February 21, 1919, in which Crowley tells Jones, ''"Re: Ouija Board. I offer you the basis of ten percent of my net profit. You are, if you accept this, responsible for the legal protection of the ideas, and the marketing of the copyright designs. I trust that this may be satisfactory to you. I hope to let you have the material in the course of a week."'' In March, Crowley wrote to Achad to inform him, ''"I'll think up another name for Ouija."'' But their business venture never came to fruition and Crowley's new design, along with his name for the board, has not survived. Crowley has stated, of the Ouija Board, that, ''"There is, however, a good way of using this instrument to get what you want, and that is to perform the whole operation in a consecrated circle, so that undesirable aliens cannot interfere with it. You should then employ the proper magical invocation in order to get into your circle just the one spirit you want. It is comparatively easy to do this. A few simple instructions are all that is necessary, and I shall be pleased to give these, free of charge, to any one who cares to apply."<ref>Cornelious, J. Edward ''[[Aleister Crowley and the Ouija Board]].'' 2005 ISBN 978-1-932595-10-9</ref> ==Other notable users== *[[GK Chesterton]] used a Ouija board. Around 1893 he had gone through a crisis of skepticism and depression, and during this period Chesterton experimented with the Ouija board and grew fascinated with the occult. <ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/greatlives/ingrams_chesterton.shtml BBC - Radio 4 - Great Lives - Richard Ingrams on GK Chesterton - 9 May 2003<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> *Poet [[James Merrill]] used a Ouija board for years, and even encouraged entrance of spirits into his body. He wrote the poem "The Changing Light at Sandover" with the help of a Ouija board. Before he died, he recommended people to not use Ouija boards.<ref>''Ouija: The Most Dangerous Game'', Stoker Hunt, Chapter 6, pages 44-50.</ref> *Rap group [[Bone Thugs-N-Harmony]] often mention the Ouija board and what it tells them to do *Former Italian Prime Minister [[Romano Prodi]] claimed under oath that, in a ''séance'' held in 1978 with other professors at the [[University of Bologna]], the "ghost" of [[Giorgio La Pira]] spelled the name of the street where [[Aldo Moro]] was being held by the [[Red Brigades]] in a Ouija. According to Peter Popham of [[The Independent]]: ''"Everybody here has long believed that Prodi's ouija board tale was no more than an ill-advised and bizarre way to conceal the identity of his true source, probably a person from Bologna's seething far-left underground whom he was pledged to protect."''<ref> {{citeweb| | last= Popham | first = Peter | date = 2005-12-02 | title = The seance that came back to haunt Romano Prodi | publisher = [[The Independent]] | url = http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article330676.ece | accessdate = 2007-11-28 }}</ref> *[[Bill W.|Bill Wilson]] the co-founder of [[Alcoholics Anonymous]] used the Ouija Board to contact spirits.<ref>''Pass It On'', New York A. A., 1984, page 278.</ref> His wife said that he would get messages directly without even using the board.<ref>''Pass It On'', New York A. A., 1984, pages 278-279.</ref>For a while, his participation in AA was deeply affected by his involvement with the Ouija board. Wilson claimed that he received the twelve step method directly from a spirit without the board and wrote it down.<ref>''Pass It On'', New York A. A., 1984, pages 196-197.</ref> *[[Art Bell]], the former host of the paranormal-themed radio show [[Coast To Coast AM]] (which on Halloween became Ghost To Ghost AM) had once used an Ouija board, and experienced something he's been wanting to forget ever since. He refused to tell any of the callers/listeners about the actual experience and he always advised not to use an Ouija board - ever. *During sleepovers with her friends, [[Amy Carter]] would use a Ouija board to get into contact with [[Abraham Lincoln]], whose spirit is believed to haunt the [[Lincoln Bedroom]]. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} *[[The Fiery Furnaces]] said that they used a Ouija board to write lyrics for their forthcoming album [[Widow City]] <ref>[http://www.thrilljockey.com/catalog/index.html?id=100843 Thrill Jockey Records<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> *'70s powerpop band [[Cheap Trick]] got its name from a Ouija board. They asked it what was for dinner, and by collectively moving the planchette, they spelled out "Cheap trick." {{Fact|date=February 2008}} *On the July 25, 2007 edition of the paranormal radio show [[Coast to Coast AM]], host [[George Noory]] attempted to carry out a live Ouija board experiment on national radio despite the strong objections of one of his guests, Jordan Maxwell, and with the encouragement of his other guests, Dr. Bruce Goldberg, [[Rosemary Ellen Guiley]] and Jerry Edward Cornelius. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} In the days and hours leading up to the show, unfortunate events kept occurring to Noory's friends and family as well as some of his guests, but these events would likely be considered coincidences by skeptics. After recounting a near-death experience in 2000 and noting bizarre events taking place, Noory canceled the experiment. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} *The singer [[Morrissey]] has a song titled ''[[Ouija Board, Ouija Board]]''. *[[Matthew Bellamy]], front man of the rock band [[Muse]], has said that his mother was a medium. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} When he was a young boy, he and his family played with Ouija boards. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} *In 2008, [[progressive rock]] band [[The Mars Volta]] released an album titled [[The Bedlam in Goliath]] in an attempt to reverse the bad luck from a Ouija board that guitaritst/producer [[Omar Rodriguez-Lopez]] bought while visiting [[Jerusalem]] and later buried after a disastrous tour. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} The vinyl release will come with its own Ouija board built into the gatefold. *[[Sheryl Crow]] makes a reference to the Ouija board in a text passage of [[A Change Would Do You Good]]. *[[Metallica]] guitarist [[Kirk Hammett]] has a signature guitar model with a Ouija board motif which was actually spelt wrong which he used live. *[[N.W.A]] They were seen using the board, during one of their Homevideos ==Other types of boards== Other iterations of the board exist in Asia. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} These are all home-made, with words written on paper in local languages. The [[planchette]] is replaced by other items, most commonly a pen, a dish (Chinese condiment saucer) or a coin. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} It is often played by inquisitive teenagers.{{Fact|date=February 2008}} Various horror movies have been made about the consequences of playing with these incarnations of the board, most notably by the [[Hong Kong]] and [[South Korea]] movie industry. One of the more well-known movies to date is the 2004 [[South Korean]] film ''[[Bunshinsaba]]''. ==See also== * [[Ka-Bala]]: Other type of board *[[Planchette]] ==In popular culture== *On some episodes of [[Friends]], Phoebe and Monica can be seen playing with a Ouija board. *Young Regan, played by [[Linda Blair]], becomes mysteriously possessed after playing with a Ouija board in the 1973 movie ''[[The Exorcist]].'' *The 2007 Philippine movie ''[[Ouija (film)]]'' has a Ouija board as the main plot. *In the movie ''[[What Lies Beneath]],'' [[Michelle Pfeiffer]] and her friend try to contact the ghost in her house with a Ouija board. *The movie ''[[Witchboard]],'' and the sequels ''[[Witchboard 2: The Devil's Doorway]]'' and ''[[Witchboard III: The Possession]]'' has Ouija board as the main plot. *In season 2 episode 1 ("In My Time Of Dying") of ''[[Supernatural (TV series)|Supernatural]]'', Sam uses a Ouija board to talk to his brother Dean, who is in a coma and running from the grim reaper. *In the first season of the FOX TV series ''[[House (TV Series)|House]]'', a boy who believes he was cursed by a Oujia board is admitted to hospital and thinks he will die. *In the ''[[Aqua Teen Hunger Force]]'' episode "Video Ouija", Meatwad contacts spirits through a Ouija video game. *The popular "Yu-Gi-Oh" Trading Card game has a trap card called "Destiny Board" than in Japanse is directly related to the Ouija Board. In Japanese, the letters spell out "Death" once a player places all five cards in play. In English, the cards were 'Americanized' to simply spell "Final".<ref>http://yugioh.wikia.com/wiki/Destiny_Board</ref> *In season 1 episode 6 of the television series [[Kyle XY]], some of the characters use a ouija board during a power outage. *In the novel [[The Time Traveler's Wife]], Clare and her friends are playing with a Ouija board. *The videogame [[Castlevania]] oftern portrays the ouija board as an enemy, but the boards looks like a little desk with a vase. *In an episode of the sitcom ''[[Reba (TV series)|Reba]]'', Barbra Jean believes her house to be haunted, so she and Reba use a Ouija board to speak to the ghost. Reba pranks Barbra Jean near the middle of the episode, but the planchette moves on its own at the end of the episode, scaring the women. *In an episode of "Grounded for Life" Lily and her friends are using the board in the attic at Brad's house when her dad, Sean, barges in. ==References== ===Footnotes=== <!--See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <ref(erences/)> tags--> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <references/></div> ===Books=== * Cornelious, J. Edward ''[[Aleister Crowley|Aleister Crowley and the Ouija Board]].'' 2005 ISBN 1-932595-10-4 [http://feralhouse.com/press/mini_sites/ouija/] * [[Edmond C. Gruss|Gruss, Edmond C.]] ''The Ouija Board: A Doorway to the Occult'' 1994 ISBN 0-87552-247-5 * Hunt, Stoker. ''Ouija: The Most Dangerous Game.'' 1992 ISBN 0-06-092350-4 ==External links== ===Information on talking boards=== * [http://www.museumoftalkingboards.com/ Museum Of Talking Boards] * [http://www.talkingboard2u.com/talking-board-related-names.php Related Names for Talking Board] * [http://ouija.witchboards.net/ Witchboard World] * [http://www.paranormality.com/ouija_board.shtml Paranormality A-Z Paranormal Phenomena] *[http://paranormal.about.com/library/weekly/aa112700a.htm User anecdotes] * [http://www.williamfuld.com/ The Official Website of William Fuld and home of the Ouija board] ===Skeptics=== * [http://www.skepdic.com/ouija.html The Skeptics' Dictionary: Ouija] * [http://www.randi.org/encyclopedia/Ouija%20board.html ''An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural''] * [http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/mouija.html ''How does a Ouija board work?''] from [[The Straight Dope]] ===Others=== *[http://www.google.com/patents?id=8GM_AAAAEBAJ Ouija Board Patent] *[http://psychicfreaks.com/ouija-board-stories/ Ouija board stories] *[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/southern_counties/4076927.stm 'Ouija board' appeal dismissed] *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/leicester/videonation/archive/a_f/clare_randall_ouija_board.shtml BBC video on Ouija Board] *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/leicester/videonation/archive/a_f/clare_randall_haunted_castle.shtml Clare Randall haunted castle] * {{dmoz|Society/Paranormal/Psychic/Ouija/|Ouija}} {{Spiritism and Spiritualism}} [[Category:Divination]] [[Category:Occult]] [[Category:Parker Brothers games]] [[Category:Talking board games]] [[Category:Genericized trademarks]] [[ar:ويجا]] [[da:Ouija]] [[de:Ouija]] [[es:Ouija]] [[fr:Ouija]] [[it:Ouija]] [[lt:Vidža lentelė]] [[nl:Ouijabord]] [[ja:ウィジャボード]] [[pt:Tabuleiro Ouija]] [[fi:Ouija]] [[sv:Ouija-bräda]] [[th:ผีถ้วยแก้ว]] [[tr:Ouija]]