Pacific typhoon 3092190 226080396 2008-07-16T19:08:58Z Qweqwewe 6718029 {{redirect|Typhoon}} {{Expand|date=August 2007}} '''Pacific typhoon''' refers to [[tropical cyclone]]s forming in the northwestern [[Pacific Ocean]]. The basin is demarcated within the Pacific Ocean from Asia, north of the equator, and west of the [[international date line]].<ref name="TyphoonBasic"> {{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/weather/hurricane/typhoon-names.htm|title=How typhoons are named|accessdate=2008-08-18|work=USA Today}}</ref> Storms from the Eastern and Central Pacific crossing the date line are re-designated as typhoons. This basin features the [[List of notable tropical cyclones#Most intense storms on record|strongest cyclones]] on record. Typhoon seasons include the entirety of the calendar year. Most storms tend to form between May and November. The word "typhoon" comes from the Chinese 颱風(T) / 台风(S) ([[pinyin]]: tái fēng; [[Jyutping]]: toi<sup>4</sup>fung<sup>1</sup>). ==Climatology== <!--Need table: typhoon count and frequency by month--> Nearly one-third of the world's tropical cyclones form within the Western Pacific. This makes this basin the most active.<ref name="enso">{{cite web|url=http://www.int-res.com/articles/cr2003/25/c025p043.pdf|title=Examining the ENSO|date=2003-10-08|accessdate=2007-08-18|work=James B Elsner, Kam-Biu Liu}}</ref> Pacific typhoons have formed year round, with peak months from August to October. The peak months correspond to that of the [[Atlantic hurricane]] seasons. Along with a high storm frequency, this basin also features the most globally [[List of notable tropical cyclones#Most intense storms on record|intense storms]] on record. {| class="wikitable" style="width:300px;text-align:center;margin: 0 1em " align="left" |+Storm Frequency<br/>Tropical storms and Typhoons by month,<br/>for the period 1959-2005 (Northwest Pacific) |- ! Month ! Count ! Average |- | Jan || 28 || 0.6 |- | Feb || 15 || 0.3 |- | Mar || 26 || 0.6 |- | Apr || 39 || 0.8 |- | May || 64 || 1.4 |- | Jun || 96 || 2.0 |- | Jul || 215 || 4.6 |- | Aug || 312 || 6.6 |- | Sep || 262 || 5.6 |- | Oct || 219 || 4.7 |- | Nov || 134 || 2.9 |- | Dec || 75 || 1.6 |- | Annual || 1484 || 31.6 |- |colspan=3 align=center|Source: '''JTWC'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://metocph.nmci.navy.mil/jtwc/atcr/2005atcr/chapter1/chapter1.html |title=2005 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: Western Pacific |date=2005 |accessdate=2007-08-26 |work=JTWC }}</ref> |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin: 0 1em " align="left" |+Record Intensity<br/>Storms reaching an intensity of {{convert|878|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|lk=on}} or below |- !Rank !Name !Pressure !Location !Years |- | 1 || [[Typhoon Tip]] || 870 [[millibar|mbar]] || Western Pacific || 1979 |- | 2 || [[1992 Pacific typhoon season#Typhoon Gary|Typhoon Gary]] || 872 mbar || Western Pacific || 1992<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- | 2 || [[1997 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Ivan]] || 872 mbar || Western Pacific || 1997<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- | 2 || [[1997 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Joan]] || 872 mbar || Western Pacific || 1997<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- | 2 || [[1997 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Keith]] || 872 mbar || Western Pacific || 1997<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- | 2 || [[Typhoon Zeb]] || 872 mbar || Western Pacific || 1998<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- | 7 || [[1975 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon June]] || 875 mbar || Western Pacific || 1975 |- | 8 || [[1958 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Ida]] || 877 mbar || Western Pacific || 1958 |- | 8 || [[1973 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Nora]] || 877 mbar || Western Pacific || 1973 |- | 10 || [[1978 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Rita]] || 878 mbar || Western Pacific || 1978 |- | 10 || [[1991 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Yvette]] || 878 mbar || Western Pacific || 1992<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- | 10 ||[[2000 Pacific typhoon season|Typhoon Damrey]] || 878 mbar || Western Pacific || 2000<sup>&Dagger;</sup> |- |colspan=5|<sup>&Dagger;</sup> Minimum central pressure of these storms was estimated based<br/>on satellite data rather than directly measured. |} {{Clr}} ==Paths== [[Image:Pacific typhoon tracks 1980-2005.jpg|thumb|200px|Tracks of all tropical cyclones in the northernwestern [[Pacific Ocean]] between 1980 and 2005. The vertical line to the right is the [[International Date Line]].]] Typhoon paths follow three general directions.<ref name="enso"/> *Straight. A general westward path affects the Philippines, southern China, and Vietnam. *Recurving. Storms recurving affect eastern China, Korea, and Japan. *Northward. From point of origin, the storm follows a northerly direction, only affecting small islands. ==Basin monitoring== The following agencies monitor typhoons: * [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] * [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration]] (PAGASA) * [[Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre|RSMC Tokyo-Typhoon Center]], part of the [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] ===Name sources=== The list of names consist of entries from 17 East Asian nations and the United States who have territories directly affected by typhoons. The submitted names are arranged into five lists; and each list is cycled with each year. Unlike [[hurricane]]s, typhoons are not named after people. Instead, they generally refer to animals, flowers, astrological signs, and a few personal names. However, PAGASA retains its own naming list, which does consist of human names.<ref name="TyphoonBasic"/> Therefore, a typhoon can possibly have two names. Storms that cross the date line from the Central Pacific retain their original name, but the designation of hurricane becomes typhoon. ==See also== {{tcportal}} *[[Tropical cyclone]] *[[2008 Pacific typhoon season]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[http://weather.unisys.com/hurricane/w_pacific/index.html Unisys Data] [[Category:Weather]] [[Category:Tropical cyclone meteorology]] [[Category:Pacific Ocean]] [[Category:Chinese words and phrases]] [[cy:Teiffŵn]] [[da:Orkan]] [[de:Taifun]] [[eo:Uragano]] [[fr:Liste des cyclones tropicaux célèbres par bassin]] [[ja:台風]] [[mk:тајфун]] [[nl:Orkaan]] [[pl:Tajfun]] [[sv:Orkan]] [[zh-min-nan:Hong-thai]] [[zh-yue:颱風]] [[zh:颱風]]