Palaephatoidea
2174036
204421884
2008-04-09T10:32:14Z
Vigilius
6052252
{{Taxobox
| name = Palaephatoidea
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Insect]]a
| superordo = [[Amphiesmenoptera]]
| ordo = [[Lepidoptera]]
| subordo = [[Glossata]]
| cohorto = [[Myoglossata]]
| subcohorto = [[Neolepidoptera]]
| infraordo= [[Heteroneura]]
| section= [[Heteroneura]]
| superfamilia = '''Palaephatoidea'''
| familia = '''Palaephatidae'''
| diversity = About 60 species
| diversity_link = Lepidopteran diversity
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus]]
| subdivision =
''[[Apophatus]]''<br/>
''[[Azaleodes]]''<br/>
''[[Metaphatus]]''<br/>
''[[Palaephatidae|Palaephatus]]''<br/>
''[[Plesiophatus]]''<br/>
''[[Ptyssoptera]]''<br/>
''[[Sesommata]]''
}}
'''Palaephatoidea''' is a [[superfamily]] of insects in the [[Lepidoptera]] order with a single family, [[Palaephatidae]] with seven known genera. These "[[Gondwana]]land moths" exhibit a [[disjunct]] distribution occurring mainly in [[South America]] (Davis, 1986), with four species in eastern [[Australia]] and [[Tasmania]] and one in [[South Africa]] (Davis, 1999). The larvae spin together leaves of [[Proteaceae]] (''Ptyssoptera'')[http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/hostplants/browse.dsml?searchPageURL=browse.dsml&Family=Palaephatidae&Genus=&Species=&Country=&sort=Family] or [[Verbenaceae]] (''Azaleodes'') (Nielsen, 1987).
[[Palaephatoidea]], a typical [[monotrysia]]n group, is one two main candidates as the [[sister group]] of most of the Lepidoptera, the [[Ditrysia]] (see [[Tischerioidea]] and also Wiegmann ''et al.'', 2002).
==References==
*Davis, D.R. (1986). A new family of monotrysian moth from austral South America (Lepidoptera: Palaephatidae), with a phylogenetic review of the Monotrysia. ''Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'', '''434''': 1-202.
*Davis, D.R. (1999). The Monotrysian Heteroneura. Ch. 6, pp. 65-90 in Kristensen, N.P. (Ed.). ''Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies''. Volume 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie. Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches / Handbook of Zoology. A Natural History of the phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Band / Volume IV Arthropoda: Insecta Teilband / Part 35: 491 pp. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York.
*Nielsen, E.S. (1987). The recently discovered primitive (non-Ditrysian) family Palaephatidae (Lepidoptera) in Australia. ''Invertebrate Taxonomy'', '''1'''(2): 201-229.
*Wiegmann, B.M., Regier, J.C. and Mitter, C. (2002). Combined molecular and morphological evidence on the phylogeny of the earliest lepidopteran lineages. ''Zoologica Scripta'', '''31'''(1): 67-81. doi:10.1046/j.0300-3256.2001.00091.x
==Sources==
*''Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders'', edited by Christopher O'Toole, ISBN 1-55297-612-2, 2002
==External links==
*[http://tolweb.org/Palaephatidae Tree of Life]
*[http://www.ento.csiro.au/gallery/moths/Palaephatidae ''Azaleodes micronipha'' Australian Moths Online]
*[http://leptree.net/drupal/Palaephatidae_head Head]
{{Lepidoptera}}
[[Category:Moths]]
{{moth-stub}}
{{wikispecies|Palaephatoidea}}