Pasadena, California
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{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = Pasadena, California
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_map = LA County Incorporated Areas Pasadena highlighted.svg
|mapsize = 250x200px
|map_caption = Location in the [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]] and the State of [[California]]
|image_map1 =
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|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[California]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in California|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles]]
|government_type =
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name = [[Bill Bogaard]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|leader_title2 = [[Prosecutor|City Attorney]]
|leader_name2 = Michele Beal Bagneris
|leader_title3 = [[City clerk|City Clerk]]
|leader_name3 = Jane Rodriguez
|leader_title4 = [[City manager|City Manager]]
|leader_name4 = Cynthia J. Kurtz
|established_title = <!-- Settled -->
|established_date =
|established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
|established_date2 =
|established_title3 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date3 = March 1886
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|area_total_km2 = 60.0
|area_land_km2 = 59.8
|area_water_km2 = 0.2
|area_total_sq_mi = 23.2
|area_land_sq_mi = 23.1
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.1
|area_water_percent =
|area_urban_km2 =
|area_urban_sq_mi =
|area_metro_km2 =
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|population_as_of = 2000
|population_total = 133,936
|population_density_km2 = 2238.9
|population_density_sq_mi = 5798.7
|population_urban =
|population_density_urban_km2 =
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|timezone = [[Pacific Time Zone|PST]]
|utc_offset = -8
|timezone_DST = PDT
|utc_offset_DST = -7
|latd = 34 |latm = 09 |lats = 22 |latNS = N
|longd = 118 |longm = 7 |longs = 55 |longEW = W
|elevation_m = 263
|elevation_ft = 863
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s
|postal_code = 91101-91191
|area_code = [[Area code 626|626]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 06-56000
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 1664804
|footnotes =
|website = [http://www.cityofpasadena.net/ City website]
}}
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'''Pasadena''' ({{pron-en|ˌpæsəˈdiːnə}}) is a city in [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]], [[California]], [[United States]]. Famous for hosting the annual [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]] [[American football|football]] game and [[Tournament of Roses Parade]], Pasadena is the home of many leading scientific and cultural institutions, including [[California Institute of Technology]] (Caltech), the [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] (the leading robotics and spacecraft design and manufacturing [[NASA]] center), [[Art Center College of Design]], the [[Pasadena Playhouse]], California School of Culinary Arts Pasadena and the [[Norton Simon Museum of Art]].
As of the 2000 census, the city population was 133,936, making it the 160th largest city in the [[United States]]. The California Finance Department estimated the Pasadena population to be 146,166 in 2005. Pasadena is the 6th largest city in Los Angeles County, and the main cultural center of the [[San Gabriel Valley]].
==Geography==
Pasadena is located at {{coor dms|34|9|22|N|118|7|55|W|city}} (34.156098, -118.131808){{GR|1}}. The elevation is 864 feet (263 meters) above sea level. The greater Pasadena area is bounded by the Raymond Fault line, the San Rafael Hills, and the [[San Gabriel Mountains]].
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 60.0 [[km²]] (23.2 [[square mile|mi²]]). 59.8 km² (23.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.2 km² (0.1 mi²) of it (0.30%) is water.
Pasadena is located 10 miles (16 kilometers) northeast of downtown [[Los Angeles, CA|Los Angeles]]. The city is bordered by 10 communities—[[Highland Park, Los Angeles, California|Highland Park]], [[Eagle Rock, California|Eagle Rock]], [[East Pasadena, California|East Pasadena]], [[San Marino, California|San Marino]], [[Temple City, California|Temple City]], [[Lamanda Park, California|Lamanda Park]], [[San Gabriel, California|San Gabriel]], [[Arcadia, California|Arcadia]], [[Sierra Madre, California|Sierra Madre]], [[La Cañada Flintridge, California|La Cañada Flintridge]], and [[Altadena, California|Altadena]]. The communities of Eagle Rock and Garvanza are incorporated within the city of Los Angeles and Altadena is an unincorporated part of Los Angeles County. Residents and businesses in Altadena use Pasadena as their mailing address.
Despite its location well within the [[Greater Los Angeles]] metropolis, Pasadena retains a high-profile image throughout southern California due to its broad economic base, noted cultural, scientific, and educational institutions, and shopping and dining establishments that attract customers from the region. This along with Pasadena's many fine examples of architecture, and wealthy neighborhoods, provide Pasadena with a prominence enjoyed by few cities in the Los Angeles area, and is often considered the premiere city of the San Gabriel Valley.
==Demographics==
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 133,936 people, 51,844 households, and 29,862 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 2,238.7/km² (5,798.7/mi²). There were 54,132 housing units at an average density of 904.8/km² (2,343.6/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 53.36% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 14.42% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.71% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 10.00% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.10% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 16.01% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.39% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 33.40% of the population. <!--these numbers don't add up-->
There were 51,844 households out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.4% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.30.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $46,012, and the median income for a family was $53,639. Males had a median income of $41,120 versus $36,435 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $28,186. About 11.6% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 21.3% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over.
==Politics==
In the [[California State Legislature|state legislature]] Pasadena is located in the 21st [[California State Senate|Senate]] District, represented by Democrat [[Jack Scott]], and in the 44th [[California State Assembly|Assembly]] District, represented by Democrat [[Anthony J. Portantino]]. Federally, Pasadena is located in [[California's 29th congressional district]], which has a [[Cook Partisan Voting Index|Cook PVI]] of D +12<ref>{{cite web | title = Will Gerrymandered Districts Stem the Wave of Voter Unrest? | publisher = Campaign Legal Center Blog | url=http://www.clcblog.org/blog_item-85.html | accessdate = 2008-02-10}}</ref> and is represented by Democrat [[Adam Schiff]].
==History==
[[Image:Pasadena-1876.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pasadena, 1876.]]
The original inhabitants of Pasadena and surrounding areas was the Native American [[Hahamog-na]] tribe, a branch of the [[Tongva]] (part of the [[Shoshone]] language group). Pasadena is a part of the original Spanish land grant named Rancho del Rincon de San Pascual, so named because it was deeded on Easter Sunday to [[Eulalia Perez de Guillén Mariné]] of [[Mission San Gabriel Arcángel]]. The Rancho comprised the lands of today's communities of Pasadena, [[Altadena, California|Altadena]] and [[South Pasadena, California|South Pasadena]].
Prior to the annexation of California in 1848, the last of the Spanish owners was Manuel Garfias who was allowed to retain title to the property after statehood in 1850. Garfias sold sections of the property to the first Anglo settlers to come into the area, Dr. Benjamin Eaton, and Dr. S. Griffin. Much of the property was purchased by the honorable [[Benjamin Davis Wilson|Benjamin Wilson]] who established his Lake Vineyard property in the vicinity. Wilson, known as Don Benito to the local Indians, was also owner of the [[Rancho Jurupa]] ([[Riverside, California]]) and went on to become the first Anglo mayor of Los Angeles. He is the grandfather of WWII General [[George S. Patton, Jr.]] and would have [[Mount Wilson (California)|Mount Wilson]] named for him.
In 1873 Wilson was visited by one Dr. Daniel M. Berry of Indiana who was looking for a place in the country that could offer better climate to his patients, most of whom suffered from respiratory ailments. Berry was an asthmatic and claimed that he had his best three nights sleep at Rancho San Pascual. To keep the find a secret, Berry code-named the area "Muscat" after the grape that Wilson grew. To raise funds to bring the company of people to San Pascual, Berry formed the Southern California Orange and Citrus Growers Association for which he sold stock. The newcomers were able to purchase a large portion of the property along the Arroyo Seco and on [[January 31]], [[1874]] they incorporated the [[Indiana Colony]]. As a gesture of good will, Wilson added 2,000 acres (8 km²) of then useless highland property, part of which would become Altadena.
===Naming Pasadena===
[[Image:Pasadena-coloradofairoaks-1890.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Colorado Blvd., 1890.]]
The mail came to the Indiana Colony via Los Angeles so marked. In an attempt to obtain their own Post Office, the Colony needed to change the name to something the Postmaster General would consider more fitting. The town fathers put three names up to a vote. The first was Indianola. The second was Granada, in keeping with the area's Spanish heritage.
The third was proposed by Dr. Thomas Elliott, who had contacted an Indian missionary friend in Michigan who had worked with the [[Minnesota]] [[Chippewa]] Indians. He submitted four names for translation: "Crown of the Valley," "Key of the Valley," "Valley of the Valley," and "Hill of the Valley." The names came back starting with "Weo-quan pa-sa-de-na," "Hat of the Valley." All the names ended in "pa-sa-de-na (of the valley)".<ref>[[George R. Stewart]], ''Names on the Land'' (1945).</ref> The name was put to a vote, and due to its euphonious nature, it was accepted as Pasadena. Pasadena was incorporated, the second incorporated municipality of Southern California after Los Angeles, in March 1886. In [[1892]], John H. Burnett of [[Galveston, Texas]] had visited Pasadena and when returned to his home near [[Houston, Texas]] he plotted a town along two [[bayou]]s and named it [[Pasadena, Texas]] after the California city for its lush vegetation.
The popularity of the region drew people from across the country, and Pasadena eventually became a stop on the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]], which led to an explosion in growth. From the real estate boom of the 1880s until the Great Depression, as great tourist hotels were developed in the city, Pasadena became a winter resort for wealthy Easterners. The first of the great hotels to be established in Pasadena was the Raymond (1886) atop Bacon Hill, renamed Raymond Hill after construction. The original Mansard Victorian 200 room facility burned down on Easter morning of 1895 and was not rebuilt until 1903. It was razed during the Great Depression to make way for residential development. The Maryland Hotel existed from the early 1900s and was demolished in 1934.
Two hotel structures have survived, the Green Hotel (a co-op since 1926) and the Vista Del Arroyo (now used as a Federal courthouse).
===Hotel Green===
[[Image:HotelGreen-1900.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Hotel Green, 1900.]]
The [[Hotel Green]] started construction on South Raymond Avenue at Kansas Street in 1887 by Mr. Webster who was unable to finish it. Colonel [[George Gill Green]], a wealthy [[patent medicine]] distributor from New Jersey, finished the six story edifice in 1888. In 1898, he finished construction on a second edifice on the other side of Raymond and connected the two buildings with a bridge and a tunnel. The patrons arrived by train at the adjacent station. In 1902, the hotel was extended to the P.G. Wooster building at the corner of Fair Oaks Avenue and Green Street. In 1924, the hotel became a private residence. The annex was razed to its first story and sold, today known as Stat's Floral Supply. In 1970, the two wings of the hotel were partitioned creating two separate buildings. The 1898 section remained the private residence now called the Castle Green. The 1902 portion was taken over by the government's HUD program for senior residents and disabled persons, and is called the Green Hotel. In 1929, Kansas Street was widened and renamed Green Street.
===Vista del Arroyo===
The [[Vista Del Arroyo Hotel]] on Grand Avenue, commandeered by the Navy as a hospital during World War II, now houses the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit]].
Pasadena's role as a regional hub was cemented by other events, among them the [[Tournament of Roses Parade]], which began in 1889, the opening of the [[Colorado Street Bridge (Pasadena, California)|Colorado Street Bridge]] (also known as "Suicide Bridge" from the Great Depression), the [[Arroyo Parkway]], now Pasadena Freeway ([[State Route 110 (California)|State Route 110]]), opened as the first freeway in the state in 1940, and completion of the [[Los Angeles Metro]] Gold Line in 2003. <ref>[http://www.laalmanac.com/transport/tr29.htm Pasadena Freeway First Freeway in Western U.S<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
==Culture==
===Performing arts===
[[Image:Pasadena City Hall.jpg|right|thumb|Pasadena City Hall]]
The [[Pasadena Symphony]], founded in [[1928]], offers several concerts a year at the [[Pasadena Civic Center]] and the [[Pasadena Pops]] plays at nearby [[Descanso Gardens]]. The Civic Center also holds a few traveling [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] shows each year. The [[Pasadena Playhouse]] presents seven shows a season, each show running six to eight weeks. The [[Furious Theatre Company]] is one of several small theatre companies in Pasadena. They are currently housed in the [[Carrie_Hamilton#Theatre|Carrie Hamilton Theatre]] adjacent to the Pasadena Playhouse. Boston Court Performing Arts Complex, opened in 2003, is near Lake and Colorado. Its resident theatre company, the award-winning Theatre at Boston Court presents four productions a year. [http://www.bostoncourt.com] Zebulon Projects presents numerous music concerts each year, ranging from classical to [[jazz]]. The Friends of the Levitt organization presents a free summer concert series in Memorial Park, with the 2008 summer season marking its sixth year.
Beckman Auditorium and other venues on the [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]] campus present a wide range of performing arts, lectures, films, classes and entertainment events, mainly during the academic year. [http://events.caltech.edu/]
The California Philharmonic [http://www.calphil.org] performs two series in Pasadena, Cal Phil at the [[Ambassador Auditorium]] from November through April, and Cal Phil Music Martinis & the Maestro in the Romanesque Room at the Green Hotel from January to May. They also perform Cal Phil Festival on the Green at nearby Los Angeles County Arboretum & Botanic Garden in Arcadia from July to September, and from July to August Cal Phil at Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles. In conjunction with The Old Mill Foundation, they perform a summer chamber concert series Cal Phil at the Mill in San Marino.
For more than ten years, twice annually Pasadena's cultural institutions have opened their doors for free during [[ArtNight Pasadena]] [http://www.artnightpasadena.org], offering the public a rich sampling of quality art, artifacts and music within the city. This has evolved into the yearly [[PasadenART Weekend]] [http://www.pasadenart.org], a three day citywide event which, as of 2007, encompasses ArtNight, ArtWalk, ArtHeritage, ArtMarket, and ArtPerformance, a vibrant outdoor music event showcasing emerging and nationally recognized talent. Free concerts take place on multiple stages throughout Old Pasadena.
In [[2007]], the native Pasadena band [[Ozma (band)|Ozma]] reunited and produced the album "Pasadena" in tribute to the city. The album photos and artwork were shot at the Colorado Street Bridge.
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The 1960s song ''[[The Little Old Lady from Pasadena]]'' parodies a popular Southern California image of Pasadena as home to a large population of aged eccentrics. In the song, an elderly lady drives a powerful [[muscle car]] and is "the terror of Colorado Boulevard."
===Visual arts===
A number of artists of national repute, such as [[Alson S. Clark]], [[Marion Wachtel]] and [[Ernest A. Batchelder]], made Pasadena their home in the early twentieth century. The formation of the [[Pasadena Arts Institute]] and the [[Pasadena Society of Artists]] heralded the city's emergence as a regional center for the visual arts.
The [[Norton Simon Museum]] contains over 2000 years of art from the Western world and [[Asia]]. The [[Pacific Asia Museum]], with its tranquil garden in the center, features art from the many countries of [[Asia]]. The nearby [[Pasadena Museum of California Art]] hosts many temporary exhibits from Californian artists. The [[Gamble House]], a [[National Historic Landmark]], is a masterpiece of the [[Arts and Crafts Movement]] open for tours. The [[Huntington Library]] and its botanical garden are adjacent to Pasadena in the city of [[San Marino, California|San Marino]].
===Literature===
In 2002 [[David Ebershoff]] published the long novel, ''Pasadena''. The novel won praise for its accurate recreation of Pasadena before World War II.
===Radio===
{{Inappropriate tone|date=December 2007}}
Pasadena has been home to a number of notable radio stations. In 1967 radio iconoclasts Tom and Raechel Donahue took over an aging studio in the basement of the Pasadena Presbyterian Church and introduced Los Angeles to FM freeform radio. Broadcasting under the [[KPPC]] call sign at 106.7 FM it quickly became the voice of the counterculture and provided the soundtrack to LA’s hippie era. Early on-air personalities included [[Michael McKean]], [[David Lander]], [[Harry Shearer]] and [[Dr. Demento]]. The staff was fired en masse in 1971 and the station lost its distinctive personality.
By 1976 KPPC had changed owners, station managers and its format and would reemerge on the radio dial as [[KROQ]] 106.7. Broadcasting from cramped studios on Los Robles Ave in central Pasadena, it wasn’t long before KROQ would become one of the most influential radio stations in the United States. Soon after being purchased by [[Infinity Broadcasting]] in 1986, KROQ was moved part and parcel to new studios in nearby Burbank, and eventually ending up in Los Angeles proper.
Today the primary radio station in Pasadena goes by the call sign [[KPCC]] located at 89.3 FM. Broadcasting from the Pasadena City College campus, this public radio station carries many of the best shows from [[National Public Radio]] but maintains a fierce independent streak, committing a large chunk of air time to presenting local and state news. Accordingly, the station has received numerous awards for journalistic excellence and continues to be an important part of the city’s heritage.
===Newspaper===
Pasadena's largest newspaper is the ''[[Pasadena Star-News]]''. The alternative [[Pasadena Weekly]] is published by [[Southland Publishing]].
== Education ==
The [[California Institute of Technology]] is in the southern-central area of Pasadena, with [[Pasadena City College]] located just to the northeast. [[Fuller Theological Seminary]], one of the largest multidenominational seminaries in the world{{Fact|date=December 2007}}, sits just east of downtown Pasadena. [[The California School of Culinary Arts]] is located on Green Street and Madison. The school offers the [[Le Cordon Bleu]] accreditation and has five campuses around Pasadena. [[Pacific Oaks College]] is located next to Pasadena's National Historic Landmark — The [[Gamble House]]. The [[Art Center College of Design]] (also known as Pasadena Art Center) is in the San Rafael Hills overlooking the Rose Bowl, and ranks as one of the top five [[art schools]] in the [[United States]] and one of the top 10 [[art schools]] worldwide{{Fact|date=December 2007}}; it is particularly known for its [[design]] programs. The [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] (managed for NASA by Caltech) is in Pasadena. [[Ambassador College]] was opened in the western part of the city just east and south of the route of the Rose Parade. The Pasadena campus of Ambassador was consolidated with its sister campus in [[Big Sandy, Texas]] in 1990. The campus is now home to [[Maranatha High School]].
The [http://www.pusd.us Pasadena Unified School District] encompasses Pasadena, Altadena and Sierra Madre.
== Shopping ==
[[Image:Coloradoblvd.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Colorado Blvd. is one of the busiest shopping streets in Pasadena.]]
[[Old Pasadena]] is the revitalized downtown, which now provides both locals and tourists a genuinely urban mix for shopping, dining, and entertainment. [[Paseo Colorado]] is an upscale mall designed to be a modern urban village, with apartments above the mall. An exclusive shopping district is located in the South Lake Avenue neighborhood.
The [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl]] Flea Market is a large [[swap meet]] that involves thousands of dealers and tens of thousands of visitors in and around the grounds of the Rose Bowl. The merchandise on display ranges from old world antiques to California pottery to vintage clothing. The flea market has been held every second Sunday of the month, rain or shine, since 1967.
== Sports ==
The [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl]], a [[National Historic Landmark]], is host of the oldest and most famous [[college football]] postseason [[bowl game]] every [[New Year's Day]]. It is the home field for the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] football team and has hosted five Super Bowls. Important soccer matches include the [[1984 Summer Olympics]], the men's final in the [[FIFA World Cup 1994]], and the final in [[FIFA Women's World Cup 1999]].
For some time, Los Angeles has been seeking another National Football League team to replace the [[St. Louis Rams|Rams]] and the [[Oakland Raiders|Raiders]], both of whom played in Los Angeles from 1946-1994 and 1982-1994 respectively. In November, 2006, a voter initiative to encourage a deal between the Rose Bowl and the NFL failed at the polls, effectively ruling out a return of the NFL to Pasadena.
==Miscellaneous==
===Tournament of Roses Parade===
[[Image:PreRoseParade-010104.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Spectators gather before the [[2004]] Rose Parade.]]
Pasadena is home to the [[Tournament of Roses Parade]], held each year on [[January 1]] (unless that day is a Sunday, in which case the event is held on [[January 2]]). The first [[parade]] was held in [[1890]] and was originally sponsored by the [[Valley Hunt Club]], a Pasadena [[social club]]. The impetus for holding the parade was, as stated by one of the members, Professor Charles F. Holder, ''"In New York, people are buried in snow. Here our flowers are blooming and our oranges are about to bear. Let's hold a festival to tell the world about our paradise."''
By [[1895]], the festivities had become larger than the Valley Hunt Club could manage, and the Tournament of Roses Association was then formed to take charge of the festival. In [[1902]], it was decided that a football game would be added to the day's events. The game, now known as the [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]], would become the first post-season college football game ever. The first game was between [[Stanford University]] and the [[University of Michigan]]. After suffering a tremendous financial loss, the Tournament of Roses Association decided to hold Roman chariot races in lieu of football games. However, in [[1916]], football returned. When it became clear that the stands in Tournament Park were too small to facilitate the crowd, the Tournament's President, [[William Leishman]], proposed that a stadium be built to house the game. The [[Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl]], designed by noted southern California architect Myron Hunt, was completed in [[1923]]. The Rose Bowl has since been selling out to crowds since [[1947]]. In [[1998]], the Rose Bowl celebrated its 52nd anniversary and became the longest running tradition of its kind.
The '''Rose Parade''', as it is familiarly known, still features elaborate floats. According to the organizers, "Every inch of every float must be covered with flowers or other natural materials, such as leaves, seeds or bark. Volunteer workers swarm over the floats in the days after Christmas, their hands and clothes covered with glue and petals. The most delicate flowers are placed in individual vials of water, which are set into the float one by one." Over the two plus hours that the parade occurs, floats and participants travel over five miles of terrain and pass by over one million viewers who generally camp out over New Year's Eve to have prime viewing spots along the parade route.
The Rose Parade is satirized by the popular [[Doo Dah Parade]], an annual November event in Pasadena.
=== South Orange Grove Boulevard ===
One of several exclusive residential districts in Pasadena, South Orange Grove Boulevard has been a home for the rich and famous since the early 20th century. Because of the number of landmark mansions, the street earned the name "Millionaire's Row," an appropriate sobriquet considering that the estates that once lined this spacious boulevard and the surrounding neighborhood read like a Who’s Who of American consumer products. Some of the more notable families include:
*[[Adolphus Busch]], co-founder of [[Anheuser-Busch]], brewer of [[Budweiser (Anheuser-Busch)|Budweiser]] beer. It was here that this wealthy easterner took full advantage of the area’s mild climate and established the first of a series of [[Busch Gardens]]. When Busch died at his Pasadena estate his wife generously offered the property to the City of Pasadena as a park, an offer the city inexplicably refused.
[[Image:TournmntHs.JPG|thumb|right|Tournament House]]
*[[William Wrigley Jr.]], maker of [[Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company|Wrigley’s chewing gum]]. The stately former home of Wrigley Jr. still stands today, proudly serving as the headquarters for the world-renowned [[Tournament of Roses Parade]].
*David and Mary Gamble, son of consumer product titan James Gamble of [[Procter & Gamble]] fame. Located on the north end of Orange Grove Blvd., the [[Gamble House]] is an [[Arts and Crafts movement|Arts and Crafts]] masterpiece. It was built by renowned architects [[Greene and Greene|Charles and Henry Greene]] and now open to the public as a museum and architectural conservancy.
*Anna Bissell McCay, daughter of [[carpet sweeper]] magnate [[Melville Bissell]]. This elegant four story [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] anchors the south end of “Millionaires Row” just on the border of South Pasadena. Today the Bissell House lives on as a cozy [[Bed and Breakfast]].
*[[Thaddeus S. C. Lowe]]. His 24,000 square foot home originally sat on South Orange Grove. The mammoth main house rose to a sixth story solarium which became an observatory. This was more than a visible display of wealth as Lowe was generous patron of the astronomical sciences. He went on to establish the [[Mount Lowe Railway]] in the mountains above Pasadena into which he sank all his fortunes.
*[[Henry Markham]] who lived adjacent to Busch and became the 18th Governor of the state of California (1891-1895).
Not all of the vast homes along Orange Grove belonged to the eastern titans of industry. As was typical of the early 20th century, many of the wealthy were doctors, politicians and retired military officers, with the odd Right Reverend sprinkled in. Some of the other notable personalities who lived in this area include notorious occultist [[Aleister Crowley]] and brilliant, but troubled, rocket scientist [[John Whiteside Parsons]]. In fact Parsons died in an explosion while working in his home laboratory just off of Orange Grove Boulevard in 1952.
Today most of the old estates are gone, replaced by [[1960]]’s era apartments and condominiums. Though far less regal than the vast homes they replaced, these apartment units maintain verdant and meticulously trimmed grounds that still exude a sense of wealth and command high property values.
Other noteworthy sites along the boulevard include:
*The [[Norton Simon Museum]], at the intersection of Orange Grove and Colorado Boulevards. This corner marks the official start of the Rose Parade route and so the museum can be seen, quite clearly, every year during the parade broadcast.
*[[Ambassador College]] campus and Ambassador Auditorium, located between Green Street and Del Mar Boulevard. The grounds of this former [[Worldwide Church of God]] liberal arts college are distinctive for their lush gardens, fountains and spacious lawns. The oldest buildings are listed as historical landmarks and display the wide variety of mansions once common in the area. They are the perfect backdrop to highlight the starkly bright, honeycomb facades of the “[[Modernist architecture|sixties modern]]” buildings that make up the campus. The Ambassador College campus is now home to [[Maranatha High School]].
*The staging area for the [[Tournament of Roses Parade]]. In the wee hours before dawn, floats of every size and shape can be seen stretching the length of the boulevard as their volunteer crews rush to put the finishing touches on them.
===Parrots===
Pasadena has a population of [[Feral parrots|naturalized parrots]]. The city's website identifies one, a Red-crowned amazon parrot, but according to the Parrot Project of Los Angeles <ref>[http://natureali.org/parrot_project/suburban_jungles.htm Parrot Project of Los Angeles]</ref>, the parrots fall into as many as five different groups. There is a cycle of regular public outcry about the noise and the sheer oddity of the birds' presence, but most Pasadenans seem to have come to accept the birds as part of the city's life. They can be seen year-round, but are especially noticeable in the winter. The birds are definitely gregarious, and the amount of disturbance their chatter creates is related to the time of day they may choose to chatter.
Theories and myths abound on how these parrots came to claim Pasadena and surrounding towns as their home. A heavily accepted story by longtime residents of the area is that they were part of the stock at Simpson's Nursery on East Colorado Blvd. in the Lamanda Park area. The nursery was burned down in 1959, and the parrots were thereby released to forage in the lush Pasadena area. It is also possible that some parrots moved northward from their normal range in central and northern Mexico as human habitation in the Pasadena area created artificial habitat in which the parrots could survive. Among their favorite foods are the berry kernels of the cedar trees that grow in great abundance around Pasadena.
===Parking===
Pasadena does not allow overnight parking, through the expedient of banning parking on city streets between 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m., although overnight permits are available. The city also restricts parking in designated Transit Oriented Districts (TODs), such as the [[Pasadena Playhouse]] district. Residents living in TODs who have only one parking space (as mandated by Pasadena's Zoning Code 17.50.340) may not park a second car on the street. Permits for a city lot are available for $60 a month.
===City Hall construction===
The City Hall building recently underwent renovation [[seismic retrofitting|seismically retrofitted]]. It was closed in July 2004 due to safety concerns and construction began in March 2005. The retrofit was completed in Summer 2007. [http://cityofpasadena.net/cityhall/]
===Pasadena Civic Auditorium===
Located on spacious tree-lined Green Street this building was designed to be the southern anchor of Pasadena’s grand civic plaza. The elegant Central Library lies three blocks due north with City Hall tower in between. The intended visual effect is somewhat lost today as the open air mall Paseo Colorado was built along the north side of Green St. obscuring one’s view of the auditorium’s sister buildings.
This building is where the tv show "American Idol" shoots their "Hollywood Week" performances.
The main auditorium is large and plush. In fact it was home to the Annual [[Emmy Awards]] ceremony for nearly 25 years, from 1977 to 2001. [http://www.imdb.com/Sections/Awards/Emmy_Awards/]
===Jessye Norman Day===
After a performance at Blair High School, the Mayor officially declared September 22 [[Jessye Norman]] Day.
===Sister Cities===
Pasadena has six [[town twinning|sister cities]], as designated by [http://www.sister-cities.org/ Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI)]:
*{{flagicon|Finland}} [[Järvenpää]], [[Finland]]
*{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Ludwigshafen am Rhein]], [[Germany]]
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Mishima, Shizuoka|Mishima]], [[Japan]]
*{{flagicon|Armenia}} [[Vanadzor]], [[Armenia]]
*{{flagicon|China}} [[Xicheng District]], [[Beijing]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]
*{{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Tangier]], [[Morocco]]
===Friendship City===
Pasadena has a friendship agreement with [[Kasukabe]], Japan. Pasadena's Junior Chamber of Commerce does an exchange each summer alternating every year with Kasukabe citizens coming to Pasadena one summer and Pasadena residents going to Kasukabe the next summer.
== Busch Gardens==
The first [[Busch Gardens]] was in Pasadena. It opened in 1905 and closed to the public in 1937. During its time, it was one of the major tourist attractions in the Los Angeles area and offered many unique gardens and fairyland landscapes and structures. It was used as a location for several Hollywood motion pictures. After 1937 and the Second World War, much of the land was developed for homes. Close inspection of the area can still reveal many of the original river rock walls and structures.<ref>[http://www.pasadenalivingmagazine.com/newpages/BuschGardens.html BuschGardens<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
==Miss Teen USA 2007==
The [[Miss Teen USA 2007]] pageant was held in Pasadena, California on August 24, 2007. It was the first time the city hosted the pageant. The preliminaries and final competition were held in the [[Pasadena Civic Auditorium]].
==Notable Pasadenans and people who lived near Pasadena==
:''See also: [[:Category:People from Pasadena, California]].''
*[[Richard Feynman]], physicist and Nobel laureate
*[[Herbert W. Armstrong]], evangelist
*[[Garner Ted Armstrong]], evangelist
*[[Chris Lloyd]], athlete
*[[Octavia Butler]], science fiction writer
*[[Kim Carnes]], singer
*[[Julia Child]], television chef and personality
*[[Lanisha Cole]], model
*[[Kevin Costner]], actor
*[[Amelia Earhart]], pilot
*[[Paul Fussell]], critic and historian
*[[Jack Parsons]], rocket scientist and occultist
*[[Drew Pinsky]], medical doctor and radio talk show host
*[[George S. Patton]], WWII General (lived in neighboring [[San Marino, CA|San Marino]])
*[[Robert Reed]], actor who played Mike Brady, father, in [[The Brady Bunch]]
*[[George Reeves]], actor (original TV ''Superman'')
*[[John C. Reilly]], actor
*[[Bill Richardson (politician)|Bill Richardson]], governor of [[New Mexico]]
*[[Jackie Robinson]], baseball player
*[[David Lee Roth]], singer for [[Van Halen]]
*[[Alex Van Halen]], drummer for [[Van Halen]]
*[[Eddie Van Halen]], guitarist for [[Van Halen]]
*[[Stan Sakai]], cartoonist. Best known as the creator of the [[Usagi Yojimbo]] series.
*[[Sirhan Sirhan]], Palestinian, lived in Pasadena when he assassinated [[Robert F. Kennedy]].
*[[Peter Vagenas]], soccer player
*[[Jaleel White]], actor, producer, and writer
*[[Sophia Bush]], actress, 82nd Rose Queen for the 111th [[Tournament of Roses Parade]] in 2000
*[[Terry Crews]], actor
*[[Carl Jah]], guitarist for [[Dread Zeppelin]]
*[[John Singleton]], director
*[[Christian Serratos]], actress
*[[Albert Einstein]], physicist
*[[Bobby Fischer]], chess Grandmaster
*[[Stacey Augmon]], basketball player
*[[Jacque Vaughn]], basketball player
*[[Duong Van Minh]], exiled president of South Vietnam
*[[Chris McAlister]], pro football player
*[[Wil Wheaton]], actor, writer
*[[Howard W. Hunter]], 14th president of the [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]
*[[Dean A. Scarborough]] CEO/President of [[Avery Dennison]]
*[[Jerry Kohl]] CEO/President of [[Brighton Collectibles]]
*[[J. P. Blecksmith]], [[United States Marine Corps|United States Marine officer]], killed in [[Iraq]]
*[[David Ebershoff]], writer
*[[Phil Spector]], music producer
*[[Vincent Bugliosi]], manson family prosecutor, author
*[[Beck]], musician
*[[Stephen Cannell]], author, television and motion picture producer
*[[Chase Utley]], professional baseball player, [[Philadelphia Phillies]]
== See also ==
[[East Pasadena, California]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commonscat|Pasadena, California}}
* [http://www.cityofpasadena.net Pasadena city website]
* [http://www.pusd.us Pasadena Unified School District]
* [http://www.pasadena.edu/ Pasadena City College]
* [http://www.caltech.edu/ California Institute of Technology]
* [http://www.fuller.edu/ Fuller Theological Seminary]
* [http://www.artcenter.edu/ Art Center College Of Design]
* [http://pasadenastarnews.com The Pasadena Star News]
* [http://www.tournamentofroses.com/ Tournament of Roses Parade]
* [http://www.pasadenadoodahparade.info/ Pasadena Doo Dah Parade]
* [http://pasadena.wr.usgs.gov/ Pasadena USGS]
*[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/ca/ Early History of the California Coast, a National Park Service ''Discover Our Shared Heritage'' Travel Itinerary]
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|34.156098|-118.131808}}
{{Geographic Location (8-way)
| Centre =Pasadena
| North =[[Altadena]]
| Northeast =[[Sierra Madre, California| Sierra Madre ]]
| East =[[Arcadia, California|Arcadia]]
| Southeast =[[San Marino, California|San Marino]]
| South = [[South Pasadena, California| South Pasadena]]
| Southwest =[[Los Angeles]]
| West = [[Glendale, California|Glendale]]
| Northwest = [[La Cañada Flintridge, California|La Cañada Flintridge]]
| image =
}}
{{Tournament of Roses}}
{{Cities of Los Angeles County, California}}
[[Category:Cities in Los Angeles County]]
[[Category:Pasadena, California| ]]
[[Category:Communities on U.S. Route 66]]
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