Patriarch 175409 221756568 2008-06-25T23:23:43Z 86.147.17.184 rv pov edits {{Otheruses}} {{portal|Christianity}} Originally a '''patriarch''' was a man who exercised [[Autocracy|autocratic]] authority as a [[pater familias]] over an extended family. The system of such rule of families by senior males is called '''[[patriarchy]]'''. This is a [[Greek language|Greek]] word, a composition of ''{{polytonic|πατήρ}}'' (pater) meaning "father" and ''{{polytonic|ἄρχων}}'' ([[archon]]) meaning "leader", "chief", "ruler", "king", etc. [[Abraham]], [[Isaac]], and [[Jacob]] are referred to as the '''three [[patriarchs (Bible)|patriarchs]]''' of the [[Israelite|people of Israel]], and the period in which they lived is called the [[Patriarchal Age]]. It originally acquired its religious meaning in the [[Septuagint]] version of the [[Bible]].<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Patriarch}}</ref> The word has mainly taken on specific ecclesiastical meanings. In particular, the highest-ranking [[bishop]]s in [[Eastern Orthodoxy]], [[Oriental Orthodoxy]], the [[Roman Catholic Church]] (above [[Major Archbishop]] and [[Primate (religion)|primate]]), and the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] are called '''patriarchs'''. The office and ecclesiastical conscription (comprising one or more provinces, though outside his own (arch)diocese he is often without enforceable jurisdiction) of such a patriarch is called a '''[[patriarchate]]'''. Historically, a Patriarch may often be the logical choice to act as [[Ethnarch]], representing the community that is identified with his religious confession within a state or empire of a different creed (as Christians within the [[Ottoman Empire]]). ==Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East== *The [[List of Patriarchs of Babylon|Catholicos-Patriarch of Seleucia-Ctesiphon]], head of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] in the Near East ==Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East== *The [[List of Patriarchs of Babylon|Catholicos-Patriarch of Seleucia-Ctesiphon]], head of the [[Ancient Church of the East]] in the Near East (separated from the [[Assyrian Church of the East]] in 1964) ==Patriarch of the Nasrani (Assyrian) Church of the East== *The Catholicos of Jerusalem of the [[Church of the East & Abroad]] ==Patriarchs in Oriental Orthodox Churches== [[Image:Pope Shenouda by MichaelSleman 01.jpg|thumb|HH Pope Shenouda III, 117th Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa on the Apostolic Throne of St Mark]] ''see: [[Oriental Orthodoxy]]'' *The [[Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria|Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of All Africa]] and the head of the [[Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria]] in Egypt and All Africa and the Spiritual Leader of [[Oriental Orthodoxy]] *The [[List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|Patriarch of Antioch and All the East]] and the head of the [[Syriac Orthodox Church|Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch]] and [[Syriac Orthodox Church|Supreme Leader of the Universal Syriac Orthodox Church]] in the Near East ** The [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church|Catholicos of India]] and the head of the [[Malankara Jacobite Syriac Orthodox Church]] in India * The [[List of Catholicoi of Armenia|Catholicos of Etchmiadzin, Armenia and of All Armenians]] and [[Armenian Apostolic Church|Supreme Patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church]] and the head of the [[Armenian Apostolic Church]] ** The [[Catholicos of Cilicia]] and head of the [[Armenian Apostolic Church|Armenian Apostolic Church of the House of Cilicia]] in Antelias, Lebanon and the Middle East ** The [[List of Armenian Patriarchs of Constantinople|Patriarch of Constantinople for the Armenians]] in Turkey ** The [[List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem|Patriarch of Jerusalem and of Holy Zion for the Armenians]] in Israel, Palestine, Jordan and the Persian Gulf *The [[Catholicos of the East]] and the head of the [[Indian Orthodox Church]] in India *The [[List of Abunas of Ethiopia|Archbishop of Axum and Patriarch Catholicos of All Ethiopia]] and the head of the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]] in Ethiopia *The [[List of Patriarchs of Eritrea|Archbishop of Asmara and Patriarch of All Eritrea]] and the head of the [[Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church]] in Eritrea ==Patriarchs of the Eastern Orthodox Churches== [[Image:EcumenicalPatriarchBartholomewI.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Bartholomew I, Archbishop of Constantinople and Ecumenical Patriarch.]] ''see: [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]'' *The [[List of Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople|Ecumenical Patriarch]], head of the [[Orthodox Church of Constantinople]] and the Spiritual Leader of [[Eastern Orthodoxy]] *The [[List of Orthodox Patriarchs of Alexandria|Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa]] and the head of the [[Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria]] in All Africa *The [[List of Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|Patriarch of Antioch]] and the head of the [[Orthodox Church of Antioch|Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch and All the East]] in the Near East *The [[Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem|Patriarch of Jerusalem]] and the head of the [[Orthodox Church of Jerusalem|Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem and Holy Zion]] in Israel, Palestine, Jordan and All Arabia *The [[List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow|Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia]] and the head of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] in Russia *The [[Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia]] and the head of the [[Georgian Orthodox Church]] in Georgia *The [[Patriarch of Serbia]] and the head of the [[Serbian Orthodox Church]] in Serbia (and the former Yugoslavia) *The [[List of Patriarch of All Romania|Patriarch of All Romania]] and the head of the [[Romanian Orthodox Church]] in Romania *The [[List of Patriarchs of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church|Patriarch of All Bulgaria]] and the head of the [[Bulgarian Orthodox Church]] in Bulgaria ==Eastern Patriarchs out of the Orthodox Communion== *[[Russian Old-Orthodox Church|Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia]] head of the [[Russian Old-Orthodox Church]] *[[Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate|Patriarch of Kiev]] head of the [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate]] *[[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church|Patriarch of Kiev]] head of the [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church]] ==Patriarchs of the Roman Catholic Church== [[Image:Primatenoncardinal.png|thumb|150px|Catholic Patriarchal (non [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]]) coat of arms]] ''see: [[Roman Catholic Church]]'' As part of the [[Pentarchy]], the Pope's Patriarchate of Rome was the only one in the [[Western Roman empire]]. It was roughly coterminous with present territory of the [[Latin Rite]]. In the past popes have used the title ''Patriarch of the West''. However, this title was removed from a reference publication issued by the [[Roman Curia|Vatican]] in [[2006]].<ref>{{cite news| title=Vatican removes title 'patriarch of the West' after pope's name| last=Wooden| first=Cindy| date=[[2006-03-02]] | publisher=Catholic News Service|accessdate=2007-04-11}}</ref> ===Latin Rite Patriarchs=== *The [[Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem]] These titles are honorary and carry no actual Patriarchal authority: **The [[Patriarch of the East Indies]] a titular patriarchal see, united to [[Archbishop of Goa and Daman|Goa and Daman]]. **The [[Patriarch of Lisbon]] **The [[Patriarch of Venice]] ===Patriarchs of the Eastern Catholic Churches=== [[Image:GregoryIII.gif|thumb|Patriarch [[Gregory III Laham]] of the [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church]]]] ''see: [[Patriarchs of the East]]'' *The [[List of Coptic Catholic Patriarchs of Alexandria|Coptic Catholic Patriarch of Alexandria]] and head of the [[Coptic Catholic Church]] *The [[List of Syrian Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch|Syrian Catholic Patriarch of Antioch]] and the head of the [[Syrian Catholic Church]] *The [[List of Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch|Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarch of Antioch]] and the head of the [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church]]; united to it are two now titular patriarchal sees, both in Middle Eastern Pentarchy cities: ** [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church|Melkite Catholic Patriarch of Alexandria]] (in Egypt) ** [[Melkite Greek Catholic Church|Melkite Catholic Patriarchs of Jerusalem]] (in Palestine/Israel) *The [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Maronite Patriarch of Antioch]], head of the [[Maronite Church]] *The [[List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|Chaldean Catholic Patriarch of Babylon]] and the head of the [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] *The [[List of Armenian Catholic Patriarchs of Cilicia|Armenian Catholic Patriarch of Cilicia]] and the head of the [[Armenian Catholic Church]] ===Historical Patriarchs in the Roman Catholic Church=== *The [[Latin Patriarch of Antioch]] *The [[Latin Patriarch of Alexandria]] *The [[List of Bishops and Patriarchs of Aquileia|Patriarch of Aquileia]] *The Latin [[Patriarchate of Carthage|Patriarch of Carthage]] *The [[Latin Patriarch of Constantinople]] *The [[Patriarch of Grado]] *The [[Patriarch of the West Indies]] a titular patriarchal see, vacant since 1963 ==Other Catholic Patriarchs== *The Patriarch of the [[Catholic Apostolic National Church of Brazil]] ==Mormonism== According to [[Mormonism]], a [[Patriarch (Mormonism)|patriarch]] is one who has been ordained to the office of Patriarch in the [[Melchizedek Priesthood]]. The term is considered synonymous with the term [[Evangelist (Latter Day Saints)|evangelist]]. One of the patriarch's primary responsibilities is to give [[Patriarchal blessing]]s, as Jacob did to his twelve sons in the Old Testament. In the main branch of Mormonism, [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], Patriarchs are typically assigned in each [[Stake (Mormonism)|stake]] and hold the title for life. ==See also== * [[List of current patriarchs|List of current Popes and Patriarchs]] * [[Lists of Patriarchs]] * [[Patriarchate]] * [[Patriarchy]] * [[Matriarchy]] * [[List of Bishops and Archbishops]] * [[Major archbishop]] * [http://www.biblenovels.com/ Patriarch the Book by Colin Piper] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{Catholicism}} [[Category:Bishops| ]] [[Category:Christian group structuring]] [[Category:Religious occupations]] [[Category:Ecclesiastical titles]] [[Category:Religious leadership roles]] [[Category:Greek loanwords]] [[ar:بطريرك]] [[bs:Patrijarh (kršćanstvo)]] [[bg:Патриарх]] [[cs:Patriarchát (územní členění církve)]] [[da:Patriark (titel)]] [[de:Patriarch]] [[et:Patriarh]] [[el:Πατριάρχης]] [[es:Patriarca]] [[eo:Patriarko]] [[fr:Patriarche (religion)]] [[ko:총대주교]] [[id:Patriark]] [[is:Patríarki]] [[it:Patriarca (cristianesimo)]] [[he:פטריארך]] [[la:Patriarcha]] [[lv:Patriarhs]] [[hu:Pátriárka]] [[nl:Patriarch]] [[ja:総主教]] [[no:Patriark]] [[pl:Patriarcha]] [[pt:Patriarca]] [[ro:Patriarh]] [[ru:Патриарх (церковный сан)]] [[simple:Patriarch]] [[sk:Patriarcha (cirkev)]] [[sl:Patriarh]] [[sr:Патријарх]] [[fi:Patriarkka]] [[sv:Patriark (kyrkligt ämbete)]] [[tr:Patrik]] [[uk:Патріарх (християнство)]] [[zh:宗主教]]