Pearlscale
3954869
222401182
2008-06-29T04:14:34Z
Melanochromis
2592313
moved image to breedbox, the variant has several names including "crown pearlscale" - it should not be a separate breed
{| border=1 cellspacing=0 align="right" cellpadding=2
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!Pearlscale goldfish
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|[[Image:Goldfish Pearl Scale.jpg|250px]]
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!Country of origin
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|China and Japan
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!Type
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|Fantailed
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!Breed standards
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|[http://www.bristol-aquarists.org.uk/goldfish/pearlscl/pearlscl.htm BAS]
|- align=center bgcolor=pink
|}
The '''pearlscale''' or '''chinshurin''' in [[Japanese language|Japanese]], is a spherical-bodied fancy goldfish with finnage similar to the [[Fantail|fantail]].<ref name=Andrews>An Interpet Guide to Fancy Goldfish" by Dr. Chris Andrews, Interpet Publishing, 2002. - ISBN 1-902389-64-6</ref><ref>[http://www.hagen.com/usa/aquatic/more.cfm "Fishes in Nature and in the Aquarium" from Nutrafin News Aquatic magazine, Rolf C. Hagen (U.S.A.) Inc. and Rolf C. Hagen Corp. (Montreal, Canada), Issue #4, 2004]</ref>
==Description==
The characteristic feature of the pearlscale is its thick, domed scales with pearl-like appearance.<ref name=Andrews/><ref name=Johnson>"Fancy Goldfish: A Complete Guide to Care and Collecting" by Dr. Erik L. Johnson, D.V.M. and Richard E. Hess, Weatherhill, Shambala Publications, Inc., 2006. - ISBN 0-8348-0448-4 </ref> Its body is round and similar to a golf ball. The finnage may be long or short. Pearlscales can reach up to 8 inches long and grow up as large as [[Orange_(fruit)|oranges]].<ref name=Johnson/> However, pearlscale fancy goldfish are prone to [[swimbladder]] disorders which affect the ability to maintain normal position in the water. This is attributed to the selective breeding process of fancy goldfish to achieve particular body forms, such as that of the pearlscale's. Selective breeding gradually resulted to the alteration of the appearance of the swimbladder.<ref name=Andrews/>
The pearlscale standard is as follows:
*Depth of body to be greater than 2/3rds of body length
*Scales to be domed
*Dorsal fin to be single, all other fins to be paired.
*Caudal fin to be divided and forked and held above the horizontal.
*Extremities of fins to have a slightly rounded appearance.
*Minimum length of body to be 5.5 cm (2¼ inches).
The fish should be bright and alert and displaying well developed domed scales all over the body area.
The body should be short and rounded (not elongated). The caudal fin should be held high without signs of drooping and well divided. Quality fish will have high colour intensity extending into the fins.<ref>[http://www.bristol-aquarists.org.uk/goldfish/pearlscl/pearlscl.htm Article on ''Pearlscale Goldfish'' from bristol-aquarists.com]</ref>
==Coloration==
Pearlscales come in every color variety.<ref name=Johnson/>
The colour may be metallic (self-coloured or variegated in a pleasing pattern and similar on each side) or calico. Metallic colours should appear as burnished metal, extending into the fins. [[Calico (goldfish)|Calico fish]] should have a blue background with patches of violet, red, orange, yellow and brown, spotted with black.
[[Image:PearscaleGoldfishRodsan18a.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A pearscale goldfish without a headgrowth. This variety is also called ''tancho'' pearlscale because of the red spot on its forehead.]]
==Variants==
Pearlscales are found without headgrowth, with [[Oranda]]-like headgrowth or with two large bubble domes. The bubble-domed Pearlscales are known as '''high-head pearlscale''', '''crown pearlscale''' or '''Hama nishiki'''.<ref name=Johnson/>
==Special temperature requirements==
Pearlscales are very sensitive to cold water and should not be exposed to temperature readings below 55°F (13°C).<ref name=Andrews/>
==References==
<references/>
==See also==
{{main|Goldfish}}
{{Goldfish breeds}}
[[ja:チンシュリン]]