Pepsi
24573
226092782
2008-07-16T20:07:33Z
83.138.47.4
/* Ingredients */
{{Infobox Beverage
|name=Pepsi-Cola
|image=[[Image:Pepsi ball.png|100px]]<br/>[[Image:Pepsi logo.svg|200px]]
|type=[[Cola]]
|manufacturer=[[PepsiCo]].
|origin=[[United States]]
|introduced= [[16 June]] [[1903]]
|key_people= [[Indra Nooyi]] Chairman & CEO
|related= [[Coca-Cola]]<br/>[[RC Cola]]<br/>[[Dr. Pepper]]<br/>[[Inca Kola|Inca-Cola]]
}}
'''Pepsi-Cola''' is a [[Carbonation|carbonated beverage]] that is produced and manufactured by [[PepsiCo]]. It is sold in stores, restaurants and from [[vending machines]]. The drink was first made in the 1890s by [[pharmacy|pharmacist]] [[Caleb Bradham]] in New Bern, North Carolina. The brand was trademarked on [[June 16]], [[1903]]. There have been many [[List of Pepsi types|Pepsi variants]] produced over the years since 1903, including [[Diet Pepsi]], [[Crystal Pepsi]], [[Pepsi Twist]], [[Pepsi Max]], [[Pepsi Samba]], [[Pepsi Blue]], [[Pepsi Gold]], [[Pepsi Holiday Spice]], [[Pepsi Jazz]], Pepsi X (available in [[Finland]] and [[Brazil]]), Pepsi Next (available in [[Japan]] and [[South Korea]]), [[Pepsi Raw]], Pepsi Retro in Mexico, Pepsi One, and Pepsi Ice Cucumber in Japan.
==History==
=== Origins ===
Pepsi was first made in [[New Bern, North Carolina]], in the United States in the early 1890s by [[pharmacy|pharmacist]] [[Caleb Bradham]]. In 1898, "Brad's drink" was changed to "Pepsi-Cola" and later trademarked on [[June 16]], [[1903]].<ref>[http://www.pepsi.com/help/faqs/faq.php?viewall=yes&category=ads_and_history Pepsi World - FAQs - ADS & HISTORY]</ref> There are several theories on the origin of the word "pepsi".
The only two discussed within the current PepsiCo website are the following:
#Caleb Bradham bought the name "Pep Kola" from a local competitor and changed it to Pepsi-Cola.
#"Pepsi-Cola" is an [[anagram]] for "Episcopal" - a large church across the street from Bradham's drugstore. There is a plaque at the site of the original drugstore documenting this, though PepsiCo has denied this theory.
The word Pepsi comes from the Greek word "pepsi" (πέψη), which is a medical term, describing the food dissolving process within one's stomach. It is also a medical term that describes a problem with one's stomach to dissolve foods properly.
Another theory regarding the name's origins is that Caleb Bradham and his customers simply thought the name sounded good and reflected the fact that the drink had some kind of "pep" in it because it was a carbonated drink.
It was made of [[carbonated water]], [[sugar]], [[vanilla]], [[essential oil|rare oils]], and [[kola nut]]s. Whether the original recipe included the [[enzyme]] [[pepsin]] is disputed.<ref>[http://medialit.med.sc.edu/pepsi.htm Mike Gange, ''Pop Culture Paraphernalia''], ''The Encyclopedia of Pepsi-Cola Collectibles''</ref><ref>[http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blpepsi.htm "The History of Pepsi Cola"], Mary Bellis, ''about.com''</ref>
In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore into a rented warehouse. That year, Bradham sold 7,968 [[gallons]] of [[syrup]]. The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons. In 1924, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905. In 1926, the logo was changed again. In 1929, automobile race pioneer [[Barney Oldfield]] endorsed Pepsi-Cola in newspaper ads as "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race".
In 1929, the Pepsi-Cola Company went bankrupt during the [[Great Depression]]- in large part due financial losses incurred by speculating on wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of [[World War I]]. Assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark.<ref>[http://www.sodamuseum.bigstep.com/generic.jhtml?pid=3 "The History of Pepsi-Cola"], ''sodamuseum.bigstep.com'' paragraph 8</ref> Eight years later, the company went bankrupt again. Pepsi's assets were then purchased by Charles Guth, the President of Loft Inc. Loft was a candy manufacturer with retail stores that contained soda fountains. He sought to replace [[Coca-Cola]] at his stores' fountains after Coke refused to give him a discount on syrup. Guth then had Loft's chemists reformulate the Pepsi-Cola syrup formula.
=== Rise in popularity ===
During the [[Great Depression]], Pepsi gained popularity following the introduction in 1929 of a 12-[[ounce]] bottle. Initially priced at 10 [[Cent (currency)|cent]]s, sales were slow, but when the price was slashed to five cents, sales increased substantially. With a radio advertising campaign featuring the [[jingle]] "Pepsi cola hits the spot / Twelve full ounces, that's a lot / Twice as much for a [[Nickel (United States coin)|nickel]], too / Pepsi-Cola is the drink for you," Pepsi encouraged price-watching consumers to switch, obliquely referring to the Coca-Cola standard of six ounces a bottle for the price of five cents (a nickel), instead of the 12 ounces Pepsi sold at the same price.<ref name="alot">[http://www.OldRadioFun.com/downloads/Commercials.19xx.xx.xx_Pepsi_Cola.mp3 1939 Radio Commercial (Twice as Much for a Nickel)]</ref> Coming at a time of economic crisis, the campaign succeeded in boosting Pepsi's status. In 1936 alone 500,000,000 bottles of Pepsi were consumed. From 1936 to 1938, Pepsi-Cola's profits doubled.<ref name="coke at home">Jones, Eleanor & Ritzmann, Florian. [http://xroads.virginia.edu/~class/coke/coke1.html "Coca-Cola at Home"]. Retrieved [[June 17]], [[2006]].</ref>
Pepsi's success under Guth came while the Loft Candy business was faltering. Since he had initially used Loft's finances and facilities to establish the new Pepsi success, the near-bankrupt Loft Company sued Guth for possession of the Pepsi-Cola company. A long legal battle, ''[[Guth v. Loft]]'', then ensued, with the case reaching the [[Delaware Supreme Court]] and ultimately ending in a loss for Guth. Loft now owned Pepsi, and the two companies did a merger, then immediately spun off the Loft company.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}
===Niche marketing===
[[Image:Pepsi targeted ad 1940s.jpg|thumb|1940s advertisement specifically targeting African Americans.]]
Walter Mack was named the new President of Pepsi-Cola and guided the company through the 1940s. Mack, who supported [[progressivism|progressive]] causes, noticed that the company's strategy of using advertising for a general audience either ignored [[African American]]s or used ethnic stereotypes in portraying blacks. He realized African Americans were an untapped [[niche market]] and that Pepsi stood to gain [[market share]] by targeting its advertising directly towards them.<ref name="nytboyd">{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/06/business/06boyd.html?_r=1&ref=obituaries&oref=slogin | last=Martin | first=Douglas | date=[[May 6]] [[2007]] | title=Edward F. Boyd Dies at 92; Marketed Pepsi to Blacks. | publisher=[[The New York Times]] | accessdate=2007-05-05}}</ref> To this end, he hired Hennan Smith, an advertising executive "from the Negro newspaper field"<ref name="capparellreview">{{cite news | sandy url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/books/reviews/2007-01-22-pepsi-book_x.htm?csp=34 | title=Pepsi's challenge in 1940s: Color barrier | publisher=[[USA Today]] | first=Michelle | last=Archer | date=[[January 22]] [[2007]] | accessdate=2007-05-07}}</ref> to lead an all-black sales team, which had to be cut due to the onset of [[World War II]]. In 1947, Mack resumed his efforts, hiring [[Edward F. Boyd]] to lead a twelve-man team. They came up with advertising portraying black Americans in a positive light, such as one with a smiling mother holding a [[six pack]] of Pepsi while her son (a young [[Ron Brown (U.S. politician)|Ron Brown]], who grew up to be [[United States Secretary of Commerce|Secretary of Commerce]]<ref name="latboyd">{{cite news | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-boyd5may05,0,7240282,full.story?coll=la-news-obituaries | title=Edward Boyd, 92; Pepsi ad man broke color barriers | publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]] | first=Jocelyn Y | last=Stewart | date=[[May 5]] [[2007]] | accessdate=2007-05-05}}</ref>) reaches up for one. Another [[ad campaign]], titled "Leaders in Their Fields", profiled twenty prominent African Americans such as [[Nobel Peace Prize]] winner [[Ralph Bunche]] and photographer [[Gordon Parks]].
Boyd also led a sales team composed entirely of African Americans around the country to promote Pepsi. [[Racial segregation]] and [[Jim Crow laws]] were still in place throughout much of the U.S., so Boyd's team faced a great deal of discrimination as a result,<ref name="capparellreview"/> from insults by Pepsi co-workers to threats by [[Ku Klux Klan]].<ref name="latboyd"/> On the other hand, they were able to use [[racism]] as a selling point, attacking Coke's reluctance to hire blacks and support by the chairman of Coke to segregationist [[Governor of Georgia]] [[Herman Talmadge]].<ref name="nytboyd"/> As a result, Pepsi's market share as compared to Coke's shot up dramatically. After the sales team visited [[Chicago]], Pepsi's share in the city overtook that of Coke for the first time.<ref name="nytboyd"/>
This focus on the African American market caused some consternation within the company and among its affiliates. They did not want to seem focused on black customers for fear [[Caucasian race|white]] customers would be pushed away.<ref name="nytboyd"/> In a meeting at the [[Waldorf-Astoria Hotel]], Mack tried to assuage the 500 [[bottler]]s in attendance by pandering to them, saying, "We don't want it to become known as the [[nigger]] drink."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/archive/200702/20070227_boyd.html | first=Smiley | last=Tavis | date=[[February 27]] [[2007]] | title=Edward Boyd | publisher=[[PBS]] | format=interview | accessdate=2007-05-04}}</ref> After Mack left the company in 1950, support for the black sales team faded and it was cut.
==Marketing==
[[Image:Pepsicup.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A large advertisement made to resemble a Pepsi cup at the theme park, [[Nickelodeon Universe]] inside the [[Mall of America]].]]
[[Image:Pepsinewcan.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The first of many new designs of Pepsi cans which were released in 2007.]]
In 1975, Pepsi introduced the [[Pepsi Challenge]] marketing campaign where PepsiCo set up a blind tasting between Pepsi-Cola and rival Coca-Cola. During these blind taste tests the majority of participants picked Pepsi as the better tasting of the two soft drinks. PepsiCo took great advantage of the campaign with [[television commercial]]s reporting the test results to the public.<ref>[http://www.sodamuseum.bigstep.com/generic.jhtml?pid=3 SODAmuseum.com "The History of Pepsi-Cola"], ''sodamuseum.bigstep.com'', paragraph 31</ref>.
In 1996, PepsiCo launched the highly successful [[Pepsi Stuff]] marketing strategy. By 2002, the strategy was cited by Promo Magazine as one of 16 "Ageless Wonders" that "helped redefine promotion marketing."<ref>[http://www.pepsico.com/PEP_Company/Honors/index.cfm PepsiCo - Company - Honors (2002)], ''Promo'' Magazine, 2002.</ref>
In 2007, PepsiCo redesigned their cans for the fourteenth time, and for the first time, included more than thirty different backgrounds on each can, introducing a new background every three weeks.<ref>[http://www.pepsigallery.com/?or=pw.474 Pepsi Can Gallery]</ref>
=== Celebrity endorsers ===
{{main|Pepsi spokespersons}}
Like Coca-Cola, Pepsi and its associated beverages have had various [[celebrity]] endorsers and continue to use them. <!-- Please do not put specific celebrities here. Celebrities are detailed in the Pepsi spokespersons article-->
=== Slogans ===
{{worldwide}}
*1939: "Twice as Much for a Nickel"
*1950: "More Bounce to the Ounce"
*1950: "Any Weather is Pepsi Weather"
*1957: "The Light Refreshment"
*1958: "Be Sociable, Have a Pepsi"
*1961: "Now It's Pepsi for Those Who Think Young"
*1963: "Come Alive, You're in the [[Pepsi Generation]]".
*1967: "(Taste that beats the others cold) Pepsi Pours It On".
*1969: "You've Got a Lot to Live, and Pepsi's Got a Lot to Give"
*1975: "Have a Pepsi Day"
*1977: "Join the Pepsi People (Feeling Free)"
*1980: "Catch That Pepsi Spirit" David Lucas composer
*1981: "Pepsi's got your taste for life"
*1983: "Pepsi Now! Take the Challenge!"
*1984: "Pepsi. The Choice of a New Generation" (Commercial with [[Michael Jackson]], featuring Pepsi version of [[Billie Jean]])
*1986: "We've Got The Taste" (Commercial with [[Tina Turner]])
*1990: "You got the right one Baby UH HUH" ( sung by Ray Charles for Diet Pepsi )
*1991: "Gotta Have It"/"Chill Out"
*1992: "Be Young, Have Fun, Drink Pepsi"
*1993: "Right Now"[[Van Halen]] Song for the Crystal Pepsi Ad
*1995: "Nothing Else is a Pepsi"
*1996: "Pepsi:There's nothing official about it" (During the Wills World Cup(Cricket) held in India/Pakistan/Srilanka)
*1997: "GeneratioNext"." With the [[Spice Girls]] "
*1998: "Yeh Dil Mange More"(In Urdu meaning "My heart wants more")(Pakistan)
*1999: "Ask for More"/"The Joy of Pepsi-Cola" (Commercial with [[Britney Spears]]/Commercial with [[Mary J. Blige]])
*2003: "It's the Cola"/"Dare for More"
*2005: "Wild Thing"/"Ask For More" (With [[Jennifer Lopez]] & [[Beyoncé Knowles]])
*2006: "Why You Doggin' Me"/"Taste the one that's forever young" Commercial featuring [[Mary J. Blige]]
*2007: "More Happy"/"Taste the one that's forever young" (Michael Alexander)
*2008: "Yeh hai Youngistaan Meri Jaan!" (India)
*2008: "Pepsi Stuff" Super Bowl Commercial (Justin Timberlake)
*2008: "pepsi is #1" tv commercial (Luke Rosin)
==Bans in India==
:''See also: [[PepsiCo#Criticisms|PepsiCo - Criticisms]]''
Pepsi was banned from import in [[India]] in 1970 for having refused to release the list of its ingredients.{{Fact|date=April 2008}} In 1988, the ban was lifted{{Fact|date=April 2008}}, with Pepsi arriving on the market shortly afterwards.<ref>[http://www.pepsiindia.co.in/aboutus_corporateprofile.html PepsiCo India]</ref> In 2003 and again in 2006, the [[Centre for Science and Environment]] (CSE), a [[non-governmental organization]] in [[New Delhi]], claimed that soda drinks produced by manufacturers in India, including both Pepsi and Coca-Cola, had dangerously high levels of pesticides in their drinks.<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/money/2003/aug/05pepsicoke.htm Pepsi, Coke contain pesticides: CSE]</ref> <ref>[http://www.cseindia.org/misc/cola-indepth/cola2006/cola_press2006.htm Pesticides in Soft Drinks(Pepsico and Coca-Cola) In-Depth Section]</ref> Both PepsiCo and The Coca-Cola Company maintain that their drinks are safe for consumption and have published newspaper advertisements that say pesticide levels in their products are less than those in other foods such as tea, fruit and dairy products.<ref>[http://www.financialexpress.com/latest_full_story.php?content_id=136991 Cola sales down 10% on state bans]</ref> In the Indian state of [[Kerala]], sale and production of Pepsi-Cola, along with other soft drinks, were banned in 2006<ref name="statebans">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4776623.stm Indian state bans Pepsi and Coke]</ref> following partial bans on the drinks in schools, colleges and hospitals in five other Indian states.<ref name="statebans">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4776623.stm Indian state bans Pepsi and Coke]</ref>
On [[September 22]], [[2006]], the High Court in Kerala overturned the Kerala ban ruling that only the central government can ban food products.<ref>Thomas, V.M. [http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/09/22/business/coke.php Indian state lifts cola ban]</ref>
==Health concerns==
Pepsi and similar products contain large amounts of sugar. Excessive sugar intake is thought to be a contributing factor in the development of certain types of [[diabetes]]. Sugar is also a leading contributor to tooth decay.
==Rivalry with Coca-Cola==
:''Main article: [[Cola Wars]]''
According to Consumer Reports, in the 1970s, the rivalry continued to heat up the market. Pepsi conducted [[blind taste test]]s in stores, in what was called the "[[Pepsi Challenge]]". These tests suggested that more consumers preferred the taste of Pepsi (which is believed to have more [[lemon]] oil, less [[orange (fruit)|orange]] oil, and uses [[vanillin]] rather than [[vanilla]]) to Coke. The sales of Pepsi started to climb, and Pepsi kicked off the "Challenge" across the nation.
In 1985, [[The Coca-Cola Company]], amid much publicity, changed its [[Coca-Cola formula|formula]]. Some authorities believe that [[New Coke]], as the reformulated drink came to be known, was invented specifically in response to the Pepsi Challenge. However, a consumer backlash led to Coca-Cola quickly introducing a modified version of the original formula (removing the expensive Haitian lime oil and changing the sweetener to corn syrup) as Coke "Classic".
Comedian [[Dave Chappelle]] starred in ads for both Coca-Cola and Pepsi, an act which drew controversy.{{Fact|date=June 2008}} When referring to it in his show, Chappelle said, "I can't even taste the difference: all I know is Pepsi paid me most recently, so it tastes better."
In the U.S., Pepsi's total market share was about 31.7 percent in 2004, while Coke's was about 43.1 percent.<ref>[http://www.beverage-digest.com/pdf/top-10_2005.pdf "Beverage Digest Press Release"], ''Beverage Digest'', [[March 4]] [[2005]] (PDF)</ref>
Overall, Coca-Cola continues to outsell Pepsi in almost all areas of the world. [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Pakistan]] (Pepsi has been a dominant sponsor of the [[Pakistan cricket team]] since the 1990s), the [[Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada|Canadian provinces]] of [[Quebec]] and [[Prince Edward Island]] and the U.S. states of [[Michigan]] and [[South Carolina]] are the exceptions.<ref>[http://www.strategymag.com/articles/magazine/20041015/vive.html "Vive la difference
'Does that mean I have to have a separate campaign?"], ''Strategy Magazine'', October 2004</ref>
Pepsi had long been the drink of Canadian [[Francophone]]s and it continues to hold its dominance by relying on local [[Québécois]] celebrities (especially [[Claude Meunier]], of ''[[La Petite Vie]]'' fame) to sell its product.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cassies.ca/caselibrary/winners/PepsiMeunier.pdf|title=The Pepsi 'Meunier' Campaign|publisher=Canadian Advertising Success Stories (Cassies) Case Library|accessdate=2007-08-21}}</ref> "Pepsi" eventually became an offensive [[nickname]] for Francophones.
By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA). In 1988, PepsiCo gained entry to India by creating a joint venture with the Punjab government-owned [[Punjab Agro Industrial Corporation]] (PAIC) and [[Voltas India Limited]]. This joint venture marketed and sold Lehar Pepsi until 1991 when the use of foreign brands was allowed; PepsiCo bought out its partners and ended the joint venture in 1994. In 1993, The Coca-Cola Company returned in pursuance of India's [[Liberalization]] policy.<ref>[http://www.mindfully.org/Water/2005/India-Coca-Cola-Pepsi14mar05.htm "India: Soft Drinks, Hard Cases"], ''The Water Dossier'', [[14 March]] [[2005]]</ref> In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo together held 95% market share of soft-drink sales in India. Coca-Cola India's market share was 52.5%.<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1191706.cms "Fizzical Facts: Coke claims 60% mkt share in India"], ''Times News Network'', [[August 5]] [[2005]]</ref>
In [[Russia]], Pepsi initially had a larger market share than Coke but it was undercut once the [[Cold War]] ended.
In 1972, Pepsico company struck a barter agreement with the then government of the [[Soviet Union]], in which Pepsico was granted exportation and Western marketing rights to [[Stolichnaya]] vodka in exchange for importation and Soviet marketing of [[Pepsi-Cola]]. <ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=267835&area=/insight/insight__economy__business/|title=Pepsi's comeback, Part II|accessdate=2007-07-21|author=Robert Laing|publisher=[http://www.mg.co.za Mail & Guardian online]|date=2006-03-28}}</ref>
<ref>[http://www.free-essays.us/dbase/b5/lvt48.shtml Free-Essays.us - Coke Vs. Pepsi<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
This exchange led to Pepsi-Cola being the first foreign product sanctioned for sale in the [[U.S.S.R.]]. <ref>{{citeweb|url=http://www.pepsico.com/PEP_Company/History/index.cfm#|title=PepsiCo Company History (1972)|publisher=PepsiCo, Inc|accessdate=2007-07-21}}</ref>
Reminiscent of the way that Coca-Cola became a cultural icon and its global spread spawned words like "[[coca colonization]]", Pepsi-Cola and its relation to the Soviet system turned it into an icon. In the early 1990s, the term, "[[Pepsi-stroika]]", began appearing as a pun on "[[perestroika]]", the reform policy of the Soviet Union under [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]. Critics viewed the policy as a lot of fizz without substance and as an attempt to usher in Western products in deals there with the old elites. Pepsi, as one of the first American products in the Soviet Union, became a symbol of that relationship and the Soviet policy.<ref>The word first appeared in an exhibit in the Harvard University Law School Library in December 1990 to February 1991, then in several articles and books by anthropologist [[David Lempert]], who coined the phrase. Most notable is the third book inside the two volume set, "Pepsi-stroika" in ''Daily Life in a Crumbling Empire: The Absorption of Russia into the World Economy,'' Columbia University Press/ Eastern European Monographs, 1996.</ref> This was reflected in Russian author Victor Pelevin's book "[[Generation P]]".
In 1992, following the [[Collapse of the Soviet Union|Soviet collapse]], Coca-Cola was introduced to the Russian market. As it came to be associated with the new system, and Pepsi to the old, Coca-Cola rapidly captured a significant [[market share]] that might otherwise have required years to achieve. By July 2005, Coca-Cola enjoyed a market share of 19.4 percent, followed by Pepsi with 13 percent.<ref>[http://www.themoscowtimes.com/stories/2005/12/30/041.html "Coke Versus Pepsi, Santa Versus Moroz"], ''The Moscow Times'', [[December 30]] [[2005]]</ref>
Rarely, though, has the Coke-Pepsi rivalry gone so far as in Thailand, where it has now led to two deaths (source: [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,949282,00.html?promoid=googlep]).
== Ingredients ==
<!-- ingredients details correct as found at http://www.dietfacts.com/html/items/13138.htm -->
{| class ="wikitable" align="right" cellborder="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="1" It a
!
! Amount per 100mL
|-
|'''Energy'''
|100.5 kJ
|-
|'''Fat'''
|0 g
|-
|'''Sodium'''
|0.98 mg
|-
|'''Carbohydrates'''
|11.74 g
|-
|'''Sugar'''
|11.04 g
|-
|'''Protein'''
|0 g
|-
|'''Caffeine'''
|10 mg
|}
Pepsi-Cola contains basic ingredients found in most other similar drinks including carbonated water, [[high fructose corn syrup]], sugar, [[coloring]]s, [[phosphoric acid]], [[caffeine]], [[citric acid]], and [[flavor|natural flavor]]s. The caffeine-free Pepsi-Cola contains the same ingredients minus the caffeine.
The original Pepsi-Cola recipe was available from documents filed with the court at the time that the Pepsi-Cola Company went bankrupt in 1929. The original formula contained neither cola nor caffeine.
==Competitors==
*[[Coca-Cola]]
*[[R.C. Cola]]
==See also==
*[[PepsiCo]]
*[[Pepsi Stuff]]
*[[Soft drink]]
*[[Cola wars]]
*[[Pepsi Globe]]
*[[The Coca-Cola Company]] (Competitor)
*[[Pepsiman]] (Mascot for the [[Japan]]ese division of Pepsi)
*[[List of Pepsi types]]
*[[Pepsi Max Big One]] (Roller coaster)
*[[Pepsi Orange Streak]] (Roller coaster)
==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}
==References==
* ''Beverage World Magazine'', January 1998, "Celebrating a Century of Refreshment: Pepsi - The First 100 Years"
* Stoddard, Bob. ''Pepsi-Cola - 100 Years'' (1997), General Publishing Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA
* "''History & Milestones''" (1996), Pepsi packet
* Louis, J.C. & Yazijian, Harvey Z. "The Cola Wars" (1980), Everest House, Publishers, New York, NY, USA
==External links==
* [http://www.pepsi.com/ Pepsi website]
* [http://www.pepsiworld.com/ Pepsi World]
* [http://www.pepsigallery.com/ Pepsi Gallery - Pepsi Promotional site]
*[http://www.masalaads.com/free/categories.php?cat_id=55 Pepsi Television Commercials]
*[http://knowmore.org/wiki/index.php?title=Pepsico%2C_Inc. Pepsico, Inc. at Knowmore.org]
{{PepsiCo}}
{{Varieties of Pepsi}}
{{colas}}
[[Category:Cola]]
[[Category:PepsiCo brands]]
[[Category:1903 introductions]]
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