Personality pathology 3365854 197553211 2008-03-11T20:19:10Z Mattisse 1386816 redundant article > recat to personality In personality psychology, [[personality psychology|personality]] refers to enduring patterns of cognition, emotion, and behavior that are activated in particular circumstances and often affect social adaptation. In [[psychiatry]] and [[clinical psychology]], '''personality pathology''' is characterized by adaptive inflexibility, vicious cycles of maladaptive behavior, and emotional instability under stress. In the United States and elsewhere, [[personality disorders]] are diagnosed categorically on [[Axis II (psychology)|Axis II]] of the [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] published by the [[American Psychiatric Association]]. ==See also== *[[Personality disorders]] *[[Personality psychology]] *[[Psychopathology]] ==References== *American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (text revision, 4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. *Millon, T. (1981). Disorders of personality. DSM-III: Axis II. New York, NY: John Wiley. *Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1995). A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Review, 102(2), 246-268. *Westen, D. (1995). A clinical-empirical model of personality: Life after the mischelian ice age and the NEO-lithic era. Journal of Personality, 63, 495-524. [[Category:Personality]] [[Category:Psychiatry]]