Phosphate nephropathy
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2007-10-02T20:37:20Z
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{{Orphan|date=November 2006}}
'''Phosphate nephropathy''' consists of damage to the [[kidney]]s caused by the formation of phosphate crystals within the renal tubules, damaging the [[nephron]], and can cause [[acute renal insufficiency]] or [[acute renal failure]].
It frequently occurs following the ingestion of oral sodium phosphate solution (Visicol) for bowel cleansing prior to a [[colonoscopy]]. The risk of this complication is increased with age, underhydration, or in the presence of [[hypertension]] or if the patient is taking an [[ACE inhibitor]] or angiotensin receptor blocker. Other agents used for bowel preparation (e.g. [[magnesium citrate]] or PEG-3350 & electrolyte-based purgatives such as Colyte or Golytely) do not carry this risk.
When a kidney damaged by phosphate nephropathy is biopsied, the pathological findings are typical of [[nephrocalcinosis]]: diffuse tubular injury with calcium phosphate crystal deposition.
==References==
*"Acute phosphate nephropathy and renal failure". ''New England Journal of Medicine''. 2003 Sep 4;349(10):1006-7.
*"Renal failure due to acute nephrocalcinosis following oral sodium phosphate bowel cleansing". ''Human Pathology''. 2004 Jun;35(6):675-84.
*"Renal failure following bowel cleansing with a sodium phosphate purgative". ''Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation''. 2005 Apr;20(4):850-1.
*"Acute Phosphate Nephropathy following Oral Sodium Phosphate Bowel Purgative: An Underrecognized Cause of Chronic Renal Failure". ''Journal of the American Society of Nephrology''. 2005 Nov 1;16(11).
[[Category:Kidney diseases]]