Pierre Naville
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2008-06-25T06:37:11Z
Charles Matthews
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rewrite lead
'''Pierre Naville''' ([[Paris]], [[1904]] — [[Paris]], [[1993]]) was a French [[writer]] and [[sociologist]]. A [[Surrealist]], he was a prominent member of the 'Investigating Sex' group of Surrealist thinkers.
In politics, he was a [[Communist]] and then a [[Trotskyist]], before joining the [[Unified Socialist Party|PSU]]. He led a career as an occupational sociologist.
==Surrealist from its earliest times==
In 1922 he founded the avant-garde periodical ''l'Œuf dur'' together with [[Philippe Soupault]], F. Gérard, [[Max Jacob]], [[Louis Aragon]] and [[Blaise Cendrars]].
He was co-editor with [[Benjamin Péret]] for the three first numbers of ''[[La Révolution Surréaliste]]'', founded the ''Bureau de Recherches Surréalistes'' (1924) and participated in surrealist activities with [[André Breton]] before eventually opposing Surrealism because of his political divergences.
==Extreme-left politics==
In 1926 Naville joined to the French Communist Party, for which he managed the publication ''Clarté''. He was part of a delegation which visited [[Leon Trotsky]] in Moscow in 1927. He returned convinced by Trotsky's arguments and was expelled from the Communist Party in 1928 for [[deviationism]]. From this point onwards he participated in the life of the French [[Trotskyist]] extreme left and notably its publications. However, he became less and less convinced by Trotsky's position and broke with the group in [[1939]]. He then organised attempts to create a [[Marxist]] left, devoid of Communist and Trotskyist trappings, whose publication was called ''Revue Internationale''.
Initially passing through the PSU, Naville continued to search for a modern left in the PSG, then the UGS, before taking part in the re-establishment of the Parti Socialiste Unifié (PSU) under the [[Fifth Republic]]. He remained loyal to this party in spite of his opposition to the "realists" ([[Gilles Martinet]], [[Michel Rocard]]) and showed total rejection of [[François Mitterrand]].
==Psycho-Sociology of Work==
Appointed director of research at the [[CNRS]] in [[1947]], he worked with [[Georges Friedmann]] at the ''Centre d'études sociologiques'', dedicating his work to the psychosociology of work and the study of [[automation]], [[industrial society]], the psychology of comportment, and the strategists and theoreticians of the war, notably [[Carl von Clausewitz]]. He supervised the French translation and publication of the Complete Works of von Clausewitz.
==Existentialism==
He was the primary other contributor mentioned at the end of Jean-Paul Satre's Existentialism and Humanism, criticising [[existentialism]].
==Works==
===Surrealist===
*''Les Reines de la main gauche'', 1924
===Political===
*''La Révolution et les Intellectuels'', 1926
*''Les Jacobins noirs (Toussaint-Louverture et la Révolution de Saint-Domingue)'' with [[Cyril Lionel Robert James]]
*''La Guerre du Viêt-Nam'', 1949
*''Le Nouveau Léviathan'', 1957-1975
*''Trotsky Vivant'', 1962
*''Autogestion et Planification'', 1980
===Sociological===
*''De la Guerre'', translated from [[Carl Von Clausewitz]] with [[Denise Naville]] and [[Camille Rougeron]]
*''La Psychologie, science du comportement'', 1942
*''Psychologie, marxisme, matérialisme'', 1948
*''La Chine Future'', 1952
*''La Vie de Travail et ses Problèmes'', 1954
*''Essai sur la Qualification du Travail'', 1956
*''Le Traité de Sociologie du Travail'', 1961-1962
*''L'État entrepreneur: le cas de la régie Renault'' with [[Jean-Pierre Bardou]], [[Philippe Brachet]] and [[Catherine Lévy]], 1971
*''Sociologie d'Aujourd'hui'', 1981
===Others===
*Memoirs (''Le Temps du surréel'', 1977)
==Books about Pierre Naville==
*''Des sociologies face à Pierre Naville ou l'archipel des savoirs'' - Centre Pierre Naville
*''Les logiques de la découverte et celles de l'action par Pierre Rolle'' in: ''Pierre Naville, la passion de la connaissance'' - Michel Eliard, Presses universitaires de Toulouse-le-Mirail, 1996
==External links==
The laboratory of research in social sciences and management at [http://www.univ-evry.fr University d'Evry] bears his name.
==Source==
This article was directly copied and translated from the version at [http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Naville http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Naville] although may have deviated since.
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