Politics of Montenegro 5046928 219946581 2008-06-17T16:03:53Z Inisheer 981284 + fr {{Politics of Montenegro}} '''Politics of Montenegro''' ([[Serbian language|Serbian]]: Политика Црне Горе, [[transliteration|Tr.]] ''Politika Crne Gore)'' takes place in a framework of a [[parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[representative democracy|representative democratic]] [[republic]], whereby the [[Prime Minister of Montenegro]] is the [[head of government]], and of a [[multi-party system]]. [[Executive power]] is exercised by the government. [[Legislative power]] is vested in both the [[government]] and the [[Parliament of Montenegro]]. The [[Judiciary]] is independent of the executive and the legislature. ==Constitution== The current '''Constitution of Montenegro''' was ratified and adopted by the [[Constitutional Parliament of Montenegro|Constitutional Parliament]] of [[Montenegro]] on [[19 October]] [[2007]]. The Constitution was officially proclaimed as the Constitution of Montenegro on [[22 October]] [[2007]]. This Constitution replaced the Constitution of [[1992]]. The new Constitution defines [[Montenegro]] as a civic, [[democratic]] and [[environmentally friendly]] country with [[social justice]], established by the [[sovereignty|sovereign rights]] of its government. ==Executive branch== {{office-table}} |[[President of Montenegro|President]] |[[Filip Vujanović]] |[[Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro|DPS CG]] |[[22 March]] [[2003]] |- |[[Prime Minister of Montenegro|Prime Minister]] |[[Milo Đukanović]] |[[Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro|DPS CG]] |[[29 February]] [[2008]] |} The current [[government of Montenegro|Government of the Republic of Montenegro]] (''Влада Републике Црне Горе'', ''Vlada Republike Crne Gore'') comprises the prime minister, the deputy prime ministers as well as ministers. [[Milo Đukanović]] is the Prime Minister of Montenegro and head of the Government. The ruling party in Montenegro is the coalition of [[Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro]] (DPS) (''Демократска Партија Социјалиста Црне Горе'', ''Demokratska Partija Socijalista Crna Gore'') and [[Socialdemocratic Party of Montenegro]] (SDP) (''Социјалдемократска партија Црне Горе'', ''Socijaldemokratska Partija Crne Gore''). ===President=== The [[President of Montenegro]] is elected for a period of five years through direct and secret ballots. The President: * Represents Montenegro in the country and abroad * Promulgates laws * Calls for Parliamentary elections * Proposes to the Parliament a candidate for Prime Minister, as well as for the president and justices of the Constitutional Court * Proposes the holding of a referendum * Grants pardons * Confers honors and decorations ===Government=== The [[Government of Montenegro]] is appointed by majority vote of the Parliament. The Government: * Formulates and conducts foreign policy * Adopts decrees and other regulations * Implements laws * Concludes international treaties * Establishes the organization and the mode of operation of the government administration * Performs other duties as laid down in the Constitution ===Prime minister=== The [[Prime Minister of Montenegro]] directs the work of the Government, and submits to the Parliament the Government's Program including a list of proposed ministers. The resignation of the Prime Minister will cause the fall of the Government. ==Legislative branch== The [[Parliament of Montenegro|Assembly of Montenegro]] (''Скупштина Републике Црне Горе'', ''Skupština Republike Crne Gore'') has 77 members elected for a four year term. Montenegro has a [[multi-party]] system, with numerous [[political parties|parties]] in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and [[political parties|parties]] must work with each other to form [[coalition government]]s. The Assembly passes all laws in Montenegro, ratifies international treaties, appoints the [[Prime Minister of Montenegro|Prime Minister]], ministers, and justices of all courts, adopts the budget and performs other duties as established by the Constitution. The Parliament can pass a vote of no-confidence on the Government by a majority of the members. One deputy is elected per 6,000 voters, which in turn results in a reduction of total number of deputies in the Assembly of Montenegro (the present assembly convening comprises 78 deputies instead of previous number of 71). ==Political parties and elections== {{elect|List of political parties in Montenegro|Elections in Montenegro}} {{Montenegro presidential election, 2003}} {{Montenegrin parliamentary election, 2006}} ==Judicial branch== Montenegro follows the principle of division of powers. Its [[judicial]], [[legislative]], and [[Executive (government)|executive]] branches are independent of each other. The judiciary is autonomous and independent. The rulings of the courts must be in accordance with the Constitution and the laws of Montenegro. Appointment to a judiciary position is permanent. ==Subdivisions== {{main|Municipalities of Montenegro}} Montenegro is divided in 21 municipalities. == Symbols == A new official [[flag of Montenegro]] was adopted on [[July 12]] [[2004]] by the Montenegrin legislature. The new flag is based on the personal standard of [[King Nikola I]] of Montenegro. This flag was all red with a gold border, a gold coat of arms, and the initials "НИ" in Cyrillic script (corresponding to NI in Latin script) representing [[King Nikola I]]. These initials are omitted from the modern flag. The national day of [[13 July]] marks the date in [[1878]] when the [[Congress of Berlin]] recognised Montenegro as the 27th independent state in the world and the start of the first popular uprising in Europe against the [[Axis Powers]] on [[13 July]] [[1941]] in Montenegro. In 2004, the Montenegrin legislature selected a popular Montenegrin folk song, "[[Oj, svijetla majska zoro|Oh the Bright Dawn of May]]", as the [[national anthem]]. Montenegro's official anthem during the reign of King Nikola was {{lang|sr|[[Ubavoj nam Crnoj Gori]]}} (To our beautiful Montenegro). The music was composed by the King's son [[Knjaz Mirko]]. The Montenegrin popular anthem has been [[Onamo, 'namo!]] since King Nikola I wrote it in the 1860s. ==See also== *[[Government of Montenegro]] ==External links== *[http://www.skupstina.cg.yu/ Parliament of Montenegro] *[http://www.vlada.cg.yu/eng/ Government of Montenegro] *[http://www.presjednik.cg.yu/eng President of Montenegro] *[http://www.njegoskij.org/menu_today/menu_countryProfile.php The Njegoskij Fund Public Project >> Country Profile on Montenegro] {{Politics of Europe}} [[Category:Politics of Montenegro| ]] [[el:Πολιτική και εκλογές στο Μαυροβούνιο]] [[fr:Politique du Monténégro]]