Politics of Saint Lucia
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{{Politics of Saint Lucia}}
'''Politics of [[Saint Lucia]]''' takes place in the framework of an independent [[parliamentary democracy|parliamentary democratic]] [[Commonwealth Realm]] with Queen [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Elizabeth II]] as its [[head of state]], represented by a [[List of Governors-General of Saint Lucia|Governor General]], who acts on the advice of the [[prime minister]] and the cabinet. The prime minister is the leader of the majority party of the house, and the cabinet conducts affairs of state.
The Governor General exercises basically ceremonial functions, but residual powers, under the [[constitution of Saint Lucia|constitution]], can be used at the governor general's discretion. The actual power in St. Lucia lies with the [[Prime Minister of Saint Lucia|prime minister]] and the cabinet, usually representing the majority party in [[Parliament of Saint Lucia|parliament]].
Politics in St. Lucia was once dominated by the [[United Workers' Party]] (UWP), which, until [[1997]] had governed the country for all but three years since independence. [[John Compton]] was premier of St. Lucia from [[1964]] until independence in February [[1979]] and remained prime minister until elections later that year.
The [[Saint Lucia Labour Party]] (SLP) won the first post-independence elections in July 1979, taking 12 of 17 seats in parliament. A period of turbulence ensued, in which squabbling within the party led to several changes of prime minister. Pressure from the private sector and the unions forced the government to resign in [[1982]]. New elections were then called and were won resoundingly by Compton's UWP, which took 14 of 17 seats.
The UWP was elected for a second time in [[April 16]], [[1987]], but with only nine of 17 seats. Seeking to increase his slim margin, Prime Minister Compton suspended parliament and called new elections on [[April 30]]. This unprecedented snap election, however, gave Compton the same results as before--the UWP retained nine seats and the SLP eight. In April [[1992]], Prime Minister Compton's government again defeated the SLP. In this election, the government increased its majority in parliament to 11 seats.
In 1996, Compton announced his resignation as prime minister in favor of his chosen successor Dr. [[Vaughan Lewis]], former director-general of the [[Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States]] (OECS). Dr. Lewis became prime minister and minister of finance, planning and development on [[April 2]], [[1996]]. The SLP also had a change of leadership with former [[Caribbean Community|CARICOM]] official Dr. [[Kenny Anthony]] succeeding businessman [[Julian Hunte]].
In elections held [[May 23]], [[1997]], the St. Lucia Labour Party won all but one of the 17 seats in Parliament, and Dr. Kenny Anthony became Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, Planning and Development on [[24 May]] [[1997]].
In elections of [[December 3]], [[2001]] the St. Lucia Labour Party won 14 of the 17 available seats. The leader of the UWP, Dr. [[Morella Joseph]] failed to win a seat. [[Arsene James]] is the leader of the Parliamentary Opposition.
In the general elections held on [[December 11]], [[2006]] the UWP, once again led by Sir John Compton, defeated the SLP, winning 11 of the 17 seats.
==Executive branch==
As head of state, [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]] is represented by a governor general who acts on the advice of the prime minister and the cabinet. Following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the governor general.
{{office-table}}
|[[Monarch of Saint Lucia|Queen]]
|[[Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Elizabeth II]]
|
|[[6 February]] [[1952]]
|-
|[[List of Governors-General of Saint Lucia|Governor-General]]
|[[Pearlette Louisy]]
|
|September [[1997]]
|-
|[[List of Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia|Prime Minister]]
|[[John Compton]]
|[[United Workers Party (Saint Lucia)|UWP]]
|[[December 11]] [[2006]]
|-
|Deputy Prime Minister
|to be confirmed
|[[United Workers Party (Saint Lucia)|UWP]]
|[[December 11]] [[2006]]
|}
==Legislative branch==
The [[Parliament of Saint Lucia|Legislature]] has two [[bicameralism|chambers]]. The [[House of Assembly of Saint Lucia|House of Assembly]] has 17 members, elected by universal adult suffrage for a five year term in single-seat [[constituency|constituencies]]. The [[Senate of Saint Lucia|Senate]] has 11 members appointed by the governor general.
The parliament may be dissolved by the governor general at any point during its 5-year term, either at the request of the prime minister--in order to take the nation into early elections--or at the governor general's own discretion, if the house passes a vote of no-confidence in the government.
==Political parties and elections==
{{elect|List of political parties in Saint Lucia|Elections in Saint Lucia|}}
{{Saint Lucia legislative election, 2006}}
==Judicial branch==
St. Lucia has an independent judiciary composed of district courts and a high court. Cases may be appealed to the Eastern Caribbean Court of Appeals and, ultimately, to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in [[London]]. The island is divided into 10 administrative divisions, including the capital, [[Castries]]. Popularly elected local governments in most towns and villages perform such tasks as regulation of sanitation and markets and maintenance of cemeteries and secondary roads. St. Lucia has no army but maintains a paramilitary Special Service Unit within its police force and a coast guard.
==Administrative divisions==
Saint Lucia is divided in 11 quarters; Anse-la-Raye, Castries, Choiseul, Dauphin, Dennery, Gros Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Praslin, Soufriere, Vieux Fort
==See also==
*[[Foreign relations of Saint Lucia]]
[[Category:Politics of Saint Lucia| ]]
[[es:Política y gobierno de Santa Lucía]]
[[pt:Política de Santa Lúcia]]