Port Sudan
213572
221316297
2008-06-24T00:11:13Z
Toussaint
185034
/* References */
{{Infobox Settlement
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|official_name = Port Sudan
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|pushpin_map_caption =Location in Sudan
<!-- Location ------------------>
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = [[Image:Flag of Sudan.svg|25px]] [[Sudan]]
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Red Sea State]]
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[[Image:Port Sudan locator map.svg|thumb|right|Location of Port Sudan]]
'''Port Sudan''' ({{lang-ar|بورتسودان}}) is the capital of [[Red Sea State]], [[Sudan]] and has 489,725 residents (2007). Located on the [[Red Sea]], it is the Republic of Sudan's main [[port city]]. The city is widely regarded, by many [[Sudanese]], as having one of the highest [[quality of life]] of any city in the country.{{Fact|date=June 2008}}
==History==
Port Sudan was founded by the [[United Kingdom|British]] in [[1909]] as the terminus of a rail line linking the Red Sea to the [[River Nile]]. It served as a new modern port to replace Sawakin. The railroad was used to transport the nation's [[cotton]] and [[sesame seed]], as well as [[sorghum]], from the agriculturally rich areas of the Nile valley to export markets.
==Tourism==
[[Image:Minaret S.jpg|left|260px]]
Port Sudan is known among tourists for its excellent diving and beaches. Tourists also use Port Sudan as a departure point to cross the Red Sea to [[Jeddah]] in [[Saudi Arabia]].
The city is a popular [[honeymoon]] location amongst Sudanese couples.
==Economy==
The harbour is in the mouth of a gulf continuing seaward through a coral-free channel 18–26 meters (60–85 ft) deep. Imports include machinery, vehicles, fuel oil, and building materials. [[Cotton]], [[gum arabic]], [[oilseeds]], hides and skins, and [[senna]] are the chief exports. Port Sudan has an [[oil refinery]] to handle the [[petroleum]] from onshore wells, as well as an oil pipeline to [[Khartoum]] that was completed in [[1977]].
[[Merowe Dam]] is expected to revive the economy of the city, since a major grid will boost the electricity supply of Port Sudan.
A rail line links the [[Red Sea]] to the [[River Nile]]. The railroad was used to transport the nation's [[cotton]] and [[sesame seed]] from salt-evaporating pans.
==Geography==
Port Sudan has a near-desert climate, requiring the acquisition of fresh water from [[Wadi Arba'at]] in the [[Geography of Sudan|Red Sea Hills]] and from salt-evaporating pans.
The weather is uncomfortable in the summer due to heat and [[humidity]], unlike most of [[Sudan]] rainfall is in the [[winter]].
==Demographics==
The population, mainly [[Arab]], includes the indigenous [[Beja]], [[West Africa]]ns, and small minorities of [[Asia]]ns (mainly [[Chinese]])and [[Europe]]ans.
{| class="prettytable"
! style="background:#efefef;" | Year
! style="background:#efefef;" | Population<ref>[http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=de&dat=32&geo=-188&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x.&srt=pnan http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de]</ref>
|-
| 1906<ref>[http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/POL_PRE/PORT_SUDAN.html Encyclopedia Britannica von 1911: Band 22, Seite 134]</ref>
| align="right" | 4.289
|-
| 1941
| align="right" | 26.255
|-
| 1973
| align="right" | 132.632
|-
| 1983
| align="right" | 209.938
|-
| 1993
| align="right" | 305.385
|-
| 2007 Estimate
| align="right" | 489.275
|}
==Transportation==
One of Sudan's major [[motorways]], links Port Sudan to [[Khartoum]] via [[Wad Medani]], Gedaref, and [[Kassala]]. There is a major road that goes north to [[Halaib]], but it is neglected.
[[Image:Port Sudan.jpg|thumb|right|The economic heart of Port Sudan is the container terminal. Here most of the goods for Khartoum are discharged]]
[[Port Sudan New International Airport]] (PZU) is located close to the city.
Destination:
* Sudan Airways ([[Khartoum]], [[Cairo]] & [[Jeddah]])
* Nova Air ([[Khartoum]])
* Mid Air ([[Khartoum]])
* Air West ([[Khartoum]])
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* Arckell, A.J., [[UNESCO]] General History of Africa, History of Darfur 1200-1700 A.D. SNR.
* ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', "Port Sudan" (description), 2007, webpage: [http://p2.www.britannica.com/eb/topic-422997/Port_Sudan EB-PortSudan].
{{commonscat}}
{{coor title dm|19|37|N|37|13|E|region:SD_type:city}}
[[Category:Coastal cities]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Sudan]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in Sudan]]
[[Category:Underwater diving sites]]
[[Category:Red Sea]]
[[Category:Settlements established in 1905]]
[[Category:Red Sea State]]
[[ar:بورتسودان]]
[[cs:Port Sudan]]
[[de:Bur Sudan]]
[[et:Port Sudan]]
[[es:Port Sudan]]
[[fr:Port-Soudan]]
[[it:Port Sudan]]
[[nl:Port Sudan]]
[[ja:ポートスーダン]]
[[pl:Port Sudan]]
[[pt:Port Sudan]]
[[ru:Порт-Судан]]
[[fi:Port Sudan]]
[[vi:Port Sudan]]
[[zh:苏丹港]]