Posad
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A '''posad''' ({{lang-ru|посад}}) was a [[town|settlement]], often surrounded by [[bulwark]]s and a [[moat]], by a town or a [[kremlin]], but outside the town/kremlin, or by a [[monastery]] in the 10th to 15th centuries. Usually it was inhabited by craftsmen and merchants, known as [[posadskiye lyudi]] (posad people).
In the [[Russian Empire]] a posad was a small semi-urban settlement.
A number of posads evolved into towns. Those by a kremlin often gave rise to local [[toponym]]s, such as ''Nagorny Posad'' (Uphill Settlement), and ''Kazanski Posad'' for the historical center of [[Kazan]]. Those by a monastery often gave rise to cities named after the monastery, e.g., [[Sergiev Posad]] is named after the nearby [[Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra]]. See also [[Pavlovsky Posad]], [[Mariinsky Posad]] and [[Gavrilov Posad]].
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[[Category:Human habitats]]
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