Procainamide 1157843 224446927 2008-07-08T21:46:25Z Thijs!bot 1392310 robot Adding: [[es:Procainamida]] {{drugbox | IUPAC_name = 4-amino-''N''-(2-diethylaminoethyl) benzamide | image = Procainamide.svg | CAS_number = 51-06-9 | ATC_prefix = C01 | ATC_suffix = BA02 | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = 4913 | DrugBank = APRD00509 | C = 13 | H = 21 | N = 3 | O = 1 | molecular_weight = 235.325 g/mol | bioavailability = 85% (oral) | protein_bound = 15 to 20% | metabolism = [[Liver|Hepatic]] ([[CYP2D6]]-mediated) | elimination_half-life = ~2.5 to 4.5 hours | excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]] | pregnancy_US = C | legal_UK = POM | routes_of_administration = [[Intravenous therapy|IV]], [[Intramuscular injection|IM]], oral }} ''''''Procainamide'''''' (proe-KANE-a-mide) ([[International Nonproprietary Name|INN]], trade names '''Pronestyl''', '''Procan''', '''Procanbid''') is a [[pharmaceutical]] [[antiarrhythmic agent]] used for the [[medicine|medical]] [[Pharmacotherapy|treatment]] of [[cardiac arrhythmia]]s, classified by the [[Vaughan Williams classification]] system as class Ia. Procanbid will no longer be manufactured.<sup>1</sup> It blocks open [[sodium]] (Na<sup>+</sup>) channels and prolongs the [[heart|cardiac]] [[action potential]] (outward [[potassium]] (K<sup>+</sup>) currents may be blocked). This results in slowed conduction, and ultimately the decreased rate of rise of the action potential, which may result in widening of [[QRS complex|QRS]] on [[electrocardiogram]] (ECG). This [[medication|drug]] is used for both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. For example, it can be used to convert new-onset [[atrial fibrillation]], though it is suboptimal for this purpose. Procainamide is administered [[intravenous]]ly or [[Wiktionary:oral|oral]]ly. When administered intravenously, a [[loading dose]] should first be given, though care should be taken not to cause [[hypotension]]. Procainamide's active metabolite is [[N-acetyl procainamide]], which is stronger than procainamide and excreted by the [[kidneys]] and the [[renal system]]. Adverse effects include [[rash]], [[myalgia]], [[hypersensitivity|hypersensitivity reaction]]s ([[fever]], [[agranulocytosis]]), [[Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus]] (particularly in slow-acetylators), and proarrhythmic effects (''e.g.'', [[torsades de pointes]]). Treatment with procainamide can cause antibody production against cellular components, accounting for the systemic lupus erythematosus-like adverse reactions. == References == 1. http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/shortages/procanletter.pdf {{Antiarrhythmic agents}} [[Category:Antiarrhythmic agents]] {{pharma-stub}} [[de:Procainamid]] [[es:Procainamida]] [[fr:Procaïnamide]] [[ja:プロカインアミド]] [[pl:Prokainamid]] [[pt:Procainamida]]