Propionaldehyde
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{{Chembox new
| Name = Propionaldehyde
| ImageFile = Propanal-skeletal.png
| ImageName = Skeletal structure of propanal
| IUPACName = Propionaldehyde
| SystematicName = Propanal
| OtherNames = Methylacetaldehyde; propionic aldehyde; propaldehyde
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| SMILES = CCC=O
| CASNo = 123-38-6
| UNNumber = 1275
| RTECS =
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O
| MolarMass = 58.080 g mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Appearance = Colorless liquid<br />Pungent, marty odor
| Density = 0.81 g cm<sup>−3</sup>
| Solubility = 20 g/100 mL
| MeltingPt = −81 °C (192 K)
| BoilingPt = 46-50 °C (321 K)
| Viscosity = 0.6 [[Poise|cP]] at 20°C
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = C<sub>1</sub>, O: sp<sup>2</sup>
C<sub>2</sub>, C<sub>3</sub>: sp<sup>3</sup>
| Dipole = 2.52 [[Debye|D]]
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS =
| EUClass = Highly flammable ('''F''')<br />Irritant ('''Xi''')
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 3
| NFPA-R = 2
| RPhrases = {{R11}}, {{R36/37/38}}
| SPhrases = {{S9}}, {{S16}}, {{S29}}
| FlashPt = −26 °C
| Autoignition = 175 °C
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| Function = [[aldehyde]]s
| OtherFunctn = [[Formaldehyde]]<br />[[Acetaldehyde]]<br />[[Butyraldehyde]]
}}
}}
{{Distinguish2|[[Propanol|propan'''o'''l]]}}
'''Propionaldehyde''' or '''propanal''' is the [[organic compound]] with the formula CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHO. It is a saturate 3-carbon [[aldehyde]] and is a [[structural isomerism|structural isomer]] of [[propanone|acetone]]. It is a colourless liquid with a slightly irritating, fruity odour.
Propionaldehyde is mainly produced through the [[hydroformylation]], by combining [[syngas|synthesis gas]] ([[carbon monoxide]] and [[hydrogen]]) with [[ethylene]] using a metal [[catalyst]]:
:CO + H<sub>2</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> → CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CHO
==Uses==
It is principally used as a precursor to "trimethylolethane" (CH<sub>3</sub>C(CH<sub>2</sub>OH)<sub>3</sub>) through a [[condensation reaction]] with [[methanol]]; this triol is an important intermediate in the production of [[alkyd]] [[resin]]s.
Condensation of propionaldehyde with [[tert-butylamine]] gives CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH=N-''t''-Bu, a three-carbon building block used in [[organic synthesis]]. Deprotonation of this [[imine]] with [[LDA]] produces CH<sub>3</sub>CHLiCH=N-''t''-Bu, which in turn condenses with [[aldehydes]].<ref>Peralta, M. M. "Propionaldehyde t-Butylimine" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. DOI: 10.1002/047084289.</ref>
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Aldehydes]]
[[Category:Hazardous air pollutants]]
[[cs:Propionaldehyd]]
[[de:Propanal]]
[[fr:Propanal]]
[[la:Propanal]]
[[ja:プロピオンアルデヒド]]
[[pl:Propanal]]
[[pt:Propanal]]
[[fi:Propionialdehydi]]
[[zh:丙醛]]