Purple Finch
368432
211151011
2008-05-08T23:57:42Z
68.81.117.102
/* Interesting Purple Finch Facts */
{{Taxobox
| name = Purple Finch
| status = LC
| image = Purple Finch.jpg
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[passerine|Passeriformes]]
| familia = [[finch|Fringillidae]]
| genus = ''[[rosefinch|Carpodacus]]''
| species = '''''C. purpureus'''''
| binomial = ''Carpodacus purpureus''
| binomial_authority = ([[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin]], 1789)
}}
The '''Purple Finch''', ''Carpodacus purpureus'', is a small [[finch]] of the [[Rosefinch]] genus.
Adults have a short forked brown tail and brown wings and are about 4 inches in length . Adult males are [[raspberry]] red on the head, breast, back and rump; their back is streaked. Adult females have light brown upperparts and white underparts with dark brown streaks throughout; they have a white line on the face above the eye.
Their breeding habitat is [[conifer]]ous and mixed forest in [[Canada]] and the northeastern [[United States]], as well as various wooded areas along the U.S. [[Pacific]] coast. They nest on a horizontal branch or in a fork of a tree.
Birds from northern Canada [[bird migration|migrate]] to the southern United States; other birds are permanent residents.
These birds forage in trees and bushes, sometimes in ground vegetation. They mainly eat seeds, berries and insects. They are fond of sunflower seeds, millet,and thistle.
This bird has been displaced from some habitat by [[House Sparrow]]s and then the introduction of [[House Finch]]es in the east. Purple Finches resemble the House Finch but the House Finch is a darker red color.
This is the state bird of [[New Hampshire]].
== Interesting Purple Finch Fact ==
* One nest is used for many generations.
* The Purple Finch population has declined sharply in the East due to the House Finch. Most of the time, when these two species collide, the House Finch wins over the Purple Finch.
* There are two subspecies of the Purple Finch. One is found in the Pacific Coast while the other is found in the East. The Pacific Coast Purple Finch is more common and has duller colors.
* The Purple Finch has been New Hampshire's State Bird since 1957.
==References==<!-- WilsonBull18:47 (compare to current Ohio checklist http://www.ohiobirds.org/publications/OBRClist.pdf) -->
{{Commons|Carpodacus purpureus| Purple Finch}}
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2004|id=53465|title=Carpodacus purpureus|downloaded=12 May 2006}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
* Interesting Purple Finch Facts donated by [http://www.birdhouses101.com/purple-finch.asp BirdHouses101.com]
* Purple Finch Photographs and Information by [http://sdakotabirds.com/species/purple_finch_info.htm South Dakota Birrds and Birding]
<!--
==Further reading==
===Book===
* Wootton, J. T. 1996. ''Purple Finch (Carpodacus purpureus)''. In ''The Birds of North America'', No. 208 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, D.C.
===Theses===
* Fleury LC. D.M.A. (2006). ''Summary of dissertation recitals: Three programs of art songs. [Performance]''. University of Michigan, United States -- Michigan.
* Hamilton TR. D.Ed. (1991). ''The expansion of the eastern house finch population and its impact on populations of house sparrows, purple finches and American goldfinches''. Ball State University, United States -- Indiana.
* Hartup BK. Ph.D. (2000). ''The epidemiology of mycoplasmal conjunctivitis in house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus)''. Cornell University, United States -- New York.
* Holthuijzen AMA. Ph.D. (1983). ''DISPERSAL ECOLOGY OF EASTERN RED CEDAR JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA L. (VIRGINIA)''. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States -- Virginia.
* Marcot BG. Ph.D. (1985). ''HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS OF BIRDS AND YOUNG-GROWTH DOUGLAS-FIR IN NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA (SILVICULTURE, DIVERSITY, COMMUNITY, CLEARCUTTING, AVIAN)''. Oregon State University, United States -- Oregon.
* Popp JW. Ph.D. (1987). ''AGGRESSION AND AGONISTIC COMMUNICATION AMONG AMERICAN GOLDFINCHES AND PURPLE FINCHES''. The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, United States -- Wisconsin.
* Van't Hof TJ. Ph.D. (1992). ''Seasonal variation in levels of thyroid and reproductive hormones in three sympatric cardueline finches''. University of Michigan, United States -- Michigan.
* Zanette L. M.Sc. (1991). ''Risk-taking and antipredator behaviour of black-capped chickadees, Parus atricapillus: Effects of social rank, flock size, and threat level''. Queen's University at Kingston (Canada), Canada.
===Articles===
* Apfelbaum S & Haney A. (1981). ''Bird Populations before and after Wild Fire in a Great Lakes USA Pine Forest''. Condor. vol '''83''', no 4. p. 347-354.
* Atkins A. (1990). ''Blue Jay Attacks Stunned Finch''. Oriole. vol '''55''', no 1.
* Avise JC, Patton JC & Aquadro CF. (1980). ''Evolutionary Genetics of Birds 2. Conservative Protein Evolution in North American Sparrows and Relatives''. Systematic Zoology. vol '''29''', no 4. p. 323-334.
* Bosakowski T. (1986). ''Winter Population Trends of the House Finch Carpodacus-Mexicanus and Ecologically Similar Species in Northeastern New-Jersey USA''. American Birds. vol '''40''', no 4. p. 1105-1110.
* Bossart NR & Paulson GS. (2001). ''Seed color preference of selected northern bird species''. Journal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science. vol '''74''', no 2-3. p. 93-95.
* Chandler RB, Strong AM & Kaufman CC. (2004). ''Elevated lead levels in urban House Sparrows: A threat to Sharp-shinned Hawks and Merlins?''. Journal of Raptor Research. vol '''38''', no 1. p. 62-68.
* Daoust PY, Busby DG, Ferns L, Goltz J, McBurney S, Poppe C & Whitney H. (2000). ''Salmonellosis in songbirds in the Canadian Atlantic provinces during winter-summer 1997-98''. Can Vet J-Rev Vet Can. vol '''41''', no 1. p. 54-59.
* Erickson WR. (2004). ''Bird communities of the garry oak habitat in southwestern British Columbia''. Canadian Field Naturalist. vol '''118''', no 3. p. 376-385.
* Grand J & Cushman SA. (2003). ''A multi-scale analysis of species-environment relationships: Breeding birds in a pitch pine-scrub oak (Pinus rigida-Quercus ilicifolia) community''. Biological Conservation. vol '''112''', no 3. p. 307-317.
* Hanowski J, Danz N, Lind J & Niemi G. (2005). ''Breeding bird response to varying amounts of basal area retention in riparian buffers''. Journal of Wildlife Management. vol '''69''', no 2. p. 689-698.
* Hartup BK, Dhondt AA, Sydenstricker KV, Hochachka WM & Kollias GV. (2001). ''Host range and dynamics of mycoplasmal conjunctivitis among birds in North America''. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. vol '''37''', no 1. p. 72-81.
* Hartup BK, Kollias GV & Ley DH. (2000). ''Mycoplasmal conjunctivitis in songbirds from New York''. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. vol '''36''', no 2. p. 257-264.
* Isted D. (1985). ''A Xanthochoristic Male Purple Finch Carpodacus-Purpureus''. Bulletin of the Oklahoma Ornithological Society. vol '''18''', no 4.
* Johnson NK, Marten JA & Ralph CJ. (1989). ''Genetic Evidence for the Origin and Relationships of Hawaiian Honeycreepers Aves Fringillidae''. Condor. vol '''91''', no 2. p. 379-396.
* Kaufman K. (1986). ''The Practiced Eye Cassin's Finch Versus Purple Finch''. American Birds. vol '''40''', no 5. p. 1124-1127.
* Kelley K, Boyd M, Boyd R & Cink C. (1981). ''Purple Finch Returns Winter 1980-1981 Baldwin City Kansas USA''. Inland Bird Banding. vol '''53''', no 1. p. 14-15.
* Kennard JH. (1977). ''BIENNIAL RHYTHM IN PURPLE FINCH MIGRATION''. Bird-Banding. vol '''48''', no 2. p. 155-157.
* Koenig WD & Knops JMH. (2001). ''Seed-crop size and eruptions of North American boreal seed-eating birds''. Journal of Animal Ecology. vol '''70''', no 4. p. 609-620.
* Marten JA & Johnson NK. (1986). ''Genetic Relationships of North American Cardueline Finches''. Condor. vol '''88''', no 4. p. 409-420.
* Mills A. (1986). ''Correlations among Winter Finch Numbers at Ottawa Canada 1958-1983''. Ontario Birds. vol '''4''', no 1. p. 30-32.
* Morse DH. (1977). ''The Occupation of Small Islands by Passerine Birds''. Condor. vol '''79''', no 4. p. 399-412.
* Popp JW. (1988). ''Scanning Behavior of Finches in Mixed-Species Groups''. Condor. vol '''90''', no 2. p. 510-512.
* Popp JW. (1989). ''Use of Agonistic Displays by Purple Finches During Interspecific Encounters''. Bird Behavior. vol '''8''', no 1. p. 48-50.
* Sabo SR. (1980). ''Niche and Habitat Relations in Subalpine Bird Communities of the White Mountains of New-Hampshire USA''. Ecological Monographs. vol '''50''', no 2. p. 241-260.
* Sabo SR & Whittaker RH. (1979). ''Bird Niches in a Subalpine Forest an Indirect Ordination''. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. vol '''76''', no 3. p. 1338-1342.
* Sewall KB & Hahn TP. (2003). ''Differential heterospecific mimicry in three species of Cardueline finches''. SICB Annual Meeting & Exhibition Final Program & Abstracts. vol '''300'''.
* Shedd DH. (1990). ''Aggressive Interactions in Wintering House Finches and Purple Finches''. Wilson Bulletin. vol '''102''', no 1. p. 174-178.
* Spicer GS. (1977). ''2 New Nasal Mites of the Genus Ptilonyssus Mesostigmata Rhinonyssidae from Texas USA''. Acarologia. vol '''18''', no 4. p. 594-601.
* Suarez V. (2003). ''The 'Transmutation of a Purple Finch'''. South Dak Rev. vol '''41''', no 1-2. p. 190-191.
* Wang ZS, Baker AJ, Hill GE & Edwards SV. (2003). ''Reconciling actual and inferred population histories in the house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) by AFLP analysis''. Evolution. vol '''57''', no 12. p. 2852-2864.
* West GC & Bailey EP. (1986). ''Rustic Bunting Purple Finch and Cassin's Finch in South Coastal Alaska USA''. Murrelet. vol '''67''', no 1.
* Wilson WH, Jr. (1995). ''The distribution of wintering birds in central Maine: The interactive effects of landscape and bird feeders''. Journal of Field Ornithology. vol '''65''', no 4. p. 512-519.
* Wootton JT. (1987). ''Interspecific Competition between Introduced House Finch Populations and Two Associated Passerine Species''. [[Oecologia]]. vol '''71''', no 3. p. 325-331.
-->
[[Category:Carpodacus]]
[[Category:United States state birds]]
[[bg:Пурпурна чинка]]
[[fr:Roselin pourpré]]
[[ja:ムラサキマシコ]]
[[pl:Dziwonia purpurowa]]