Pyloric antrum
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{{Mergeto|Pylorus|date=June 2007}}
{{Infobox Anatomy |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Latin = antrum pyloricum |
GraySubject = 247 |
GrayPage = 1162 |
Image = Gray1046.svg |
Caption = Outline of [[stomach]], showing its anatomical landmarks. (Pyloric antrum visible at left.) |
Image2 = Gray1050.png |
Caption2 = Interior of the stomach. (Pyloric antrum visible at left.) |
System = |
MeshName = Pyloric+Antrum |
MeshNumber = A03.556.875.875.716 |
DorlandsPre = a_50 |
DorlandsSuf = 14179413 |
}}
'''Pyloric antrum''' ('''antrum''', '''lesser cul-de-sac''') is the initial portion of the pyloric part of the [[stomach]]. It is near the bottom of the stomach on the left side of the [[pyloric sphincter]], which separates the stomach and the [[duodenum]].
It may temporarily become partially or completely shut off from the remainder of the stomach during [[digestion]] by [[peristaltic]] contraction of the [[prepyloric sphincter]]; it is demarcated, sometimes, from the second part of the [[pyloric part of the stomach]] ([[pyloric canal]]) by a slight groove.
==Function==
The pyloric antrum is the location of several important [[endocrine]] cells including [[Gastrin]]-producing [[G cell|G Cells]] (stimulate acid production) and the luminal-pH-sensitive population of [[somatostatin]] producing of [[D cell (biology)|D cells]] (responsible for shutting off acid secretion. There is a second hormone-sensitive population near the [[fundus]].)
== Etymology ==
Pylorus - lesser, <br>
atrum - cave; cavern; hollow place with overarching foliage; cavity, hollow; tomb
==Additional images==
<gallery>
Image:Stomach2.gif|Stomach
Image:illu_stomach.jpg|Stomach
</gallery>
==Sources==
*William F Ganong. "Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd Edition."
*Physiology Lecture Notes.
==External links==
* [http://med.plig.org/2/ Controversy over definition at plig.org]
* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|37|06|01|04}} - "Abdominal Cavity: The stomach"
* {{SUNYAnatomyImage|7|7|65}}
* {{eMedicineDictionary|Pyloric+antrum}}
{{digestive-stub}}
{{Digestive tract}}