Quake
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2008-07-14T13:47:21Z
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:''This article is about the original video game. For the series as a whole, see [[Quake (series)]]. For other uses, see [[Quake (disambiguation)]].''
{{Infobox VG |title = Quake
|image = [[Image:Quake1.jpg|256px]]
|developer = [[id Software]]<br>[[Midway Games]] ([[Nintendo 64|N64]])<br>[[Lobotomy Software]] ([[Sega Saturn|SS]])<br>Pulse Interactive (mobile)
|publisher=[[GT Interactive]] (PC)<br>PXL computers (Amiga)<br>[[MacSoft]] ([[Macintosh]])<br>[[Midway Games]] ([[Nintendo 64|N64]])<br>[[Sega]] ([[Sega Saturn|SS]])<br>Pulse Interactive (mobile) <br> [[Virgin Interactive]] ([[Playstation]], [[Linux]]) <br> [[Activision]]/[[Valve Corporation]] (Steam)
|designer = [[John Romero]] (lead designer), [[John D. Carmack|John Carmack]] (lead programmer) [[American McGee]], [[Sandy Petersen]], [[Tim Willits]]
|engine = [[Quake engine]]<br>Slavedriver engine ([[Sega Saturn|SS]])
|released = {{vgrelease|North America|NA|[[June 22]], [[1996]]}}
|genre = [[First-person shooter|FPS]]
|modes = [[Single-player]]<br>[[Multiplayer game|Multiplayer]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: M<br>[[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: T ([[Sega Saturn|SS]])<br>[[British Board of Film Classification|BBFC]]: 15<br />[[Office of Film and Literature Classification (Australia)|OFLC]]: MA15+<br>[[Unterhaltungssoftware Selbstkontrolle|USK]]: 18
|platforms = [[Amiga]], [[Atari Falcon|Falcon]], [[IRIX]], [[Macintosh]], [[IBM PC compatible|PC]] ([[MS-DOS|DOS]], [[Linux]], [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]), [[Nintendo 64|N64]], [[Risc PC]], [[Sega Saturn|Saturn]], [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]], [[Windows Mobile]], [[source port]]s to additional platforms
|media = [[Compact disc]] (1), download, [[cartridge (electronics)|cartridge]]
|requirements = 90 [[Hertz|MHz]] [[Central processing unit|Processor]]<br/>[[Floating point unit|FPU]]<br/>8 [[Megabyte|MB]] [[Random Access Memory|RAM]]<br/>80 MB [[Hard disk]] space<br/>2 MB [[Graphics card]]<br/>[[IRIX]] 5.3 / [[Linux]] 1.3.88 / [[MS-DOS]] 5.0 / [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] 2.5.1 / [[Windows 95]]
|input = [[Keyboard (computing)|Keyboard]], [[Mouse (computing)|mouse]], [[joystick]]
}}
'''''Quake''''' is a [[first-person shooter]] [[computer game]] that was released by [[id Software]] on [[June 22]], [[1996]]. It was the first game in the popular [[Quake (series)|''Quake'' series]] of computer and video games.
The majority of programming work on the ''Quake'' engine was done by [[John D. Carmack|John Carmack]]. [[Michael Abrash]], a program performance optimization specialist, was brought in to help make the software rendering engine fast enough to be feasible. The game design and layout was done by [[John Romero]]. The sound effects and music for the game were composed by [[Trent Reznor]], of [[Nine Inch Nails]] (within the game, the ammo box for the nailgun has the Nine Inch Nails logo on it in reference to this). ''Quake'' was released just as the [[Internet]] was commercially coming of age, and much of ''Quake''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s popularity arose because it was one of the few games of its kind playable over the internet rather than just a local network.
''Quake'' and its four sequels, ''[[Quake II]]'', ''[[Quake III Arena]]'', ''[[Quake 4]]'', and ''[[Enemy Territory: Quake Wars]]'' have sold over 4 million copies combined.{{Verify source|date=March 2008}} In 2002,<ref name="WM_Release">{{Cite web | year = 2002 | url = http://www.download.com/Pocket-Quake-ARM-/3000-2159_4-10056131.html | title = Pocket Quake (ARM) 0.062}}</ref> a version of ''Quake'' was produced for [[mobile phone]]s. A copy of ''Quake'' was also sold in 2001, labeled ''Ultimate Quake'', which included the original ''Quake'', ''Quake II'', and ''Quake III Arena''.
In 2008 ''Quake'' was honored at the 59th Annual [[Technology & Engineering Emmy Award]]s for advancing the art form of user modifiable games. John Carmack accepted the award.
==History==
A preview included with [[id Software|id]]'s very first release, 1990's ''[[Commander Keen]]'', advertised a game entitled ''The Fight for Justice'' as a follow-up to the Keen trilogy. It would feature a character named Quake, "the strongest, most dangerous person on the continent", armed with thunderbolts and a "Ring of Regeneration." Conceived as a [[Video Graphics Array|VGA]] full-color [[Side-scrolling game|side-scrolling]] [[Computer role-playing game|RPG]], ''The Fight for Justice'' was never released.
===Pre-release and ''QTest''===
''Quake'' was given as a title to the game that [[id Software]] was working on shortly after the release of ''[[Doom II]]''. The earliest information released described ''Quake'' as focusing on a [[Thor]]-like character who wields a giant hammer, and is able to knock away enemies by throwing the hammer (complete with real-time [[inverse kinematics]]). At the start, the levels were supposed to be designed in an [[Aztec (computer game)|Aztec]] style, but the choice was dropped some months into the project. Early screenshots then showed medieval environments and dragons. The plan was for the game to have more [[computer RPG|RPG]]-style elements. However, work was very slow on the engine, since Carmack not only was developing a fully 3D engine, but also a TCP/IP networking model (Carmack later said that he should have done two separate projects which developed those things). Eventually, the whole id team began to think that the original concept may not have been as wise a choice as they first believed. Thus, the final game was very stripped down from its original intentions, and instead featured gameplay similar to ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]'' and its sequel, although levels and enemies were closer to medieval RPG style rather than science-fiction. Praised throughout the gaming community, it quickly dethroned previous [[First-person shooter|FPS]] titles and revolutionized the way multiplayer games were developed.
Before the release of the game or the demo of the game, id software released "''QTest''" on [[February 24]], [[1996]]. It was described as a technology demo and was limited to three multiplayer maps. There was no single player support and some of the gameplay and graphics were unfinished or different from their final versions (notably the boxes of nails, then called flechettes, displayed the [[Nine Inch Nails|NIN]] logo). Nevertheless, the game's multiplayer support caused ''Quake'' servers to spring up everywhere overnight. QTest also gave gamers their first peek into the filesystem and modifiability of the Quake engine, and many entity mods (that placed monsters in the otherwise empty multiplayer maps) and custom player skins began appearing online before the full game was even released.
===Shareware and Final release===
On June 22, 1996, id Software released the [[shareware]] version of ''Quake''. This consisted of the first ''episode'' of the game, roughly one-quarter of the single-player content. It became the downloadable [[game demo|demo]] version of the game. At that time, despite [[Assembly language]] optimizations, there were few computers that could run the game at acceptable performance levels without having to disable some of the more advanced graphical features in the game (such as lighting effects).<ref name="Performance">{{Cite web | year = 1996 | url = http://groups.google.co.uk/group/rec.games.computer.quake.misc/browse_thread/thread/df74215ec908e1e0?tvc=2&fwc=1 | title = Why is Quake SOO SLOW?!? | publisher = Google Groups | accessmonthday = June 24 | accessyear = 2006}}</ref>
On July 22, 1996, id Software released the full version of ''Quake''. Upon registration, players who already had the shareware version could unlock three additional episodes and a series of deathmatch-only maps. id supported the release of ''Quake'' with multiple patches, the mod source code ([[QuakeC]]), the tools source code, and frequent plan updates. The shrinkwrapped retail version was distributed by [[GT Interactive]].
==Quake engine==
{{main|Quake engine}}
''Quake'' popularized several major advances in the 3D game genre: it uses polygonal 3D models for players and monsters instead of the [[prerendered]] [[sprite (computer graphics)|sprite]]s; and the world in which play takes place is created as a true 3D space, rather than a 2-dimensional map with height information which is then rendered to 3D. Some previous 3D games, such as ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]'' and ''[[Wolfenstein 3D]]'' (sometimes called [[2.5D]] games) used a restricted-view mathematical trick when rendering their 3-dimensional view. This allowed a true 3D [[first person (video games)|first-person viewpoint]], but only when looking straight-ahead (you can tell the difference by tilting up and down in Duke Nukem 3D, which is achieved by distorting the straight-ahead view rather than really rotating the view.)
==Gameplay==
''Quake'' has two fundamental modes of [[gameplay]]: ''single player'' and ''multiplayer''.
===Single Player===
In single-player mode, players explore and navigate to the exit of each level, facing many challenging monsters and a few secret areas along the way. Usually there are buttons to press or keys to collect in order to open doors before the exit can be reached. Once reaching the exit, the game takes the player to the next level.
Before the start level, there is a set of three pathways with easy, medium, and hard skill levels; in order to reach the Nightmare skill level (described in the game manual as "so bad that it was hidden, so people won't wander in by accident"<ref>ID Software. <cite>Quake (game manual)</cite>, page 3. ID Software, 1996.</ref>), the player must drop through the water before the Episode 4 entrance and jump into a secret passage.
''Quake'''s single-player campaign is organized into four individual ''episodes'' of about eight levels each (each including a secret level, one of which is a "low gravity" level — Ziggurat Vertigo in Episode 1, Dimension of the Doomed — that challenges the player's abilities in a different way). As items are collected, they are carried to the next level, each usually more challenging than the last. If the player dies, he must restart at the beginning of the level. However, games may be saved at any time.
Upon completing each episode, the player is returned to the hub ''Start'' level, where he can then enter the next episode. Each episode starts the player from scratch, without any previously collected items. Episode I (which formed the shareware or downloadable demo version of ''Quake'') has a [[Boss (video games)|boss]] in the last level. The ultimate objective at the end of the episode is to recover the magic rune. There are four runes; the ''Rune of Earth Magic'', ''Black Magic'', ''Hell Magic'', and ''Elder Magic'', from the episodes of ''Dimension of the Doomed'', ''Realm of Black Magic'', ''Netherworld'', and ''Elder World'', respectively. After all of the runes are collected, the floor of the ''Start'' opens up to reveal an entrance to the ''End'' level which contains the final boss.
===Multiplayer===
[[Image:Quakedemo.ogg|thumb|The first demo seen in ''Quake'', seen after the game had started]]
In multiplayer mode, players on several computers connect to a server (which may be a dedicated machine or on one of the player's computers), where they can play against each other. Typically in multiplayer mode, when a player dies he can immediately respawn, but loses any items he has collected and so must start collecting them again. Similarly, items that have been picked up previously [[spawning (computer gaming)|respawn]] after some time, and may be picked up again.
The single-player campaign can be played in co-op mode.
The most popular multiplayer modes are all forms of [[Deathmatch (gaming)|deathmatch]]. Deathmatch modes typically consist of either ''free-for-all'' (no organization or teams involved), one-on-one ''duels'', or organized ''teamplay'' with two or more players per team (or [[clan (computer gaming)|clan]]). Teamplay is also frequently played with one or another [[Mod (computer gaming)|mod]]. Typically, no monsters are normally present, as they serve no purpose other than to get in the way and give away the player.
The gameplay in ''Quake'' was considered unique for its time because of the different ways the player can maneuver through the game. For example: [[bunny hopping]] or [[strafe jumping]] can be used to move faster than normal, while [[rocket jumping]] enables the player to reach otherwise-inaccessible areas (or just move faster), at the cost of some self-damage. The player can start and stop moving suddenly, jump unnaturally high, and change direction while moving through the air. Many of these non-realistic behaviors contribute to ''Quake'''s appeal. The nature of the gameplay is often fast and frenzied, and has become considerably faster over the years as players mastered advanced movement techniques.
There is obvious skill needed to react quickly, aim precisely, dodge other players' shots, and jump across tricky spaces. As ''Quake'' did not include any automap, it also requires considerable knowledge of the sometimes confusingly-contorted maps (made more complex by the frequent use of [[Linking room|teleporters]]) as well as careful planning in order to collect needed items and conserve health and ammunition. Strategies include regularly picking up items to prevent one's opponent from having access to them and controlling certain critical areas of each level. Duels often take place with opponents mostly out of sight of each other, jockeying for position and carefully stocking up on items, with sudden changes in speed of play when one player or the other gains an advantage. Sound also plays a central role in keeping track of other players and even items in the game, so many players use headphones to give the clearest sound and directionality. Teamplay adds even more tactical layers, with different ways to communicate and cooperate.
Multiplayer ''Quake'' was one of the first games that people singled out as a form of [[electronic sports|electronic sport]]. Most notable was [[Dennis Fong|Dennis "Thresh" Fong]] who won [[John D. Carmack|John Carmack]]'s [[Ferrari 308]] at the Microsoft-sponsored [[Red Annihilation]] tournament in [[1997]].
Online ''Quake'' play is also a significant social activity, with players chatting during gameplay, or even just talking while connected through the server without actually playing the game at all.
==Story==
The player takes the role of an unnamed soldier sent into a portal to stop an enemy, code-named "''Quake''". The government has been experimenting with teleportation technology, and created a working prototype called a "Slipgate", in order to carry out an attack, codenamed Operation Counterstrike. Unfortunately, a portal to Quake's own dimension has been opened, and death squads begin to emerge, killing and robbing as much as they can before returning through the gate, destroying Operation Counterstrike in the process, which leaves only the soldier alive. Once sent through the portal, the player's main objective is to survive and locate the exit which will take him to the next level, not unlike that of id Software's previous hit, ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]''.
The game consists of around 28 separate "levels" or "maps", grouped into 4 episodes. Each episode represents individual dimensions that the player can access through magical portals (as opposed to the technological Slipgate) that are discovered over the course of the game. At the start of each episode, the player is deployed in a futuristic military base and he has to find a slipgate that will take him to the alternate realm. The various realms consist of a number of [[Gothic architecture|gothic]], [[medieval]], as well as "fire and brimstone"-style caves and dungeons with a recurring theme of hellish and satanic imagery reminiscent of ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]'' (such as pentagrams and images of demons on the walls). The latter is inspired by several [[dark fantasy]] influences, notably that of [[H. P. Lovecraft]]; most notably, the end game [[boss (video game)|boss]] is named [[Shub-Niggurath]] and the end boss of the first episode is named [[Chthonian (Cthulhu mythos)|Chthon]], although there is little resemblance between the game's portrayal and the original literary description. Some levels have Lovecraftian names as well, such as the [[Underworld_(Dreamlands)#Vaults_of_Zin|Vaults of Zin]] or the [[Hyperborean_cycle#Eibon|Ebon Fortress]]. Originally, the game was supposed to include more Lovecraftian bosses, but this concept was scrapped due to time constraints.
Although the moniker "''Quake''" originally applied to the [[protagonist]], the final story describes ''Quake'' as simply being "the enemy".
It should be noted, however, that by the time the game was released the specifics of the story had become relatively unimportant and somewhat disorganized. This is mainly due to a last-minute mix of two different game designs: lead level designer [[John Romero]] wanted to make a dark fantasy [[hand to hand combat]]/[[computer role-playing game|RPG]] hybrid game, while level designers [[Tim Willits]] and [[American McGee]] wanted to make a more futuristic, ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]''-like game. Ultimately the ''Doom''-like mechanics were implemented and many of the dark fantasy design elements were incorporated into the graphics and visual effects of the game.
=="Sequels"==
The unnamed hero of ''Quake'' reappears as one of the selectable characters in ''[[Quake III Arena]]'', where he is known as "Ranger." There is also another playable character from the ''Quake'' universe who is named "Wrack," who has a beard but otherwise is similar to "Ranger."
However, ''Quake'' is one of the few modern id games not to have a true sequel: after the departure of Romero, the remaining id employees chose to change the thematic direction substantially for ''[[Quake II]]'', making the design more technological and futuristic rather than dark fantasy; ''[[Quake 4]]'' followed the design themes of ''Quake II'', whereas ''Quake III Arena'' lacked a standard single-player campaign entirely as this episode was meant for multiplay only.
''[[PC Gamer]]'', in its recap of the mixed settings throughout the ''Quake'' series in its fall 2004 preview of ''Quake 4'', stated that ''Quake II'' actually began as a totally separate product line. Unfortunately, due to the failure to gain rights to the title they wanted, id designers were forced to fall back on the project's nickname of "''Quake II''." Since any sequel to the original ''Quake'' had already been refused, it became a viable way of continuing the series without actually continuing the storyline or setting of the first game.
==Expansions==
There have been two official expansion packs for ''Quake'':
* ''[[Quake Mission Pack 1: Scourge Of Armagon]]''
* ''[[Quake Mission Pack 2: Dissolution Of Eternity]]''
The expansions pick up right where the first game left off, use all the same weapons and powerups (plus a handful of new ones between the two of them), monsters and gothic atmosphere/architecture and continue/finish the story of the first game and its protagonist.
== Soundtrack ==
This is based on the PC version of the game.<ref name=Soundtrack2>[http://lists.musicbrainz.org/pipermail/musicbrainz-users/2003-December/004122.html proposal for style convention of untitled tracks].</ref> The soundtrack was written by [[Trent Reznor]] of [[Nine Inch Nails]].
There are in fact no official names to these tracks. They are usually referred to either by the level they are initially played to, or by one of two fan created track listings. They can also be referred to by their track number, however, the first audio track being placed on the CD's second track (the first being reserved for the actual game data), this usually leads to confusion.
{| class="collapsible wikitable collapsed" style="width:80%;" align="left"
! align="center" colspan="4" | ''Quake Original Soundtrack'' Tracklist
|-
! Audio Track
! CD track
! Level Appearance
! Time
|-
| 1.|| Track 02 || Quake Theme || 5:05
|-
| 2.|| Track 03 || Intermission || 2:23
|-
| 3.|| Track 04 || Start / Whispers || 8:18
|-
| 4.|| Track 05 || Grisly Grotto || 6:02
|-
| 5.|| Track 06 || Slipgate Complex || 7:20
|-
| 6.|| Track 07 || Underearth || 8:35
|-
| 7.|| Track 08 || Castle of the Damned || 5:33
|-
| 8.|| Track 09 || Necropolis || 6:26
|-
| 9.|| Track 10 || Ziggurat Vertigo || 3:30
|-
|10.|| Track 11 || Gloom Keep || 5:13
|}
{{-}}
==Credits==
'''Programming:''' [[John D. Carmack|John Carmack]], [[Michael Abrash]], John Cash
'''Level/scenario design:''' [[American McGee]], [[Sandy Petersen]], [[John Romero]], [[Tim Willits]]
'''Graphics:''' [[Adrian Carmack]], [[Kevin Cloud]]
'''Music:''' [[Trent Reznor]]
'''Sound:''' [[Trent Reznor]]
'''Project Manager:''' Shawn C. Green
'''Support:''' Barrett Alexander
'''Business:''' Mike Wilson, Jay Wilbur, Donna Jackson, [[Todd Hollenshead]]
'''Additional work on sound code, UNIX ports:''' [[Dave D. Taylor|Dave Taylor]]
'''Linux ports:''' [[Dave Kirsch|Dave "Zoid" Kirsch]]
'''Special Thanks To:''' Sean Barrett, Raymond Chen, [[DJ Delorie]], Andy Glew, Lance Hacking, Chris Hecker, Todd Laney, Terje Mathisen, Charles Sandmann, Jon Vondrak, Billy Zelsnack
==Modification==
{{splitsection}}
The game itself can be heavily modified by altering the sounds, graphics, or scripting in [[QuakeC]] and due to its popularity, has been the focus of many fan "mods". The first mods were small gameplay fixes and patches initiated by the community, usually enhancements to weapons or gameplay with some new foes. Later mods were more ambitious and resulted in ''Quake'' fans creating versions of the game that were drastically different from id Software's original release.
The first major ''Quake'' mod was ''[[Team Fortress]]''. [http://hosted.planetquake.gamespy.com/botarea51/main/history.asp][http://web.archive.org/web/20000511042113/http://www.threewave.com/] This mod consists of Capture the Flag gameplay, but with a class system for the players. Players choose a class, which creates various restrictions on weapons and armor types available to that player, and also grants special abilities. For example, the bread-and-butter ''Soldier'' class has medium armor, medium speed, and a well-rounded selection of weapons and grenades, while the ''Scout'' class is lightly armored, very fast, has a scanner that detects nearby enemies, but has very weak offensive weapons. One of the other differences with CTF is the fact that the flag is not returned automatically when a player drops it: running over one's flag in ''Threewave CTF'' would return the flag to the base, and in ''TF'' the flag remains in the same spot for preconfigured time and it has to be defended on remote locations. This caused a shift in defensive tactics compared to ''Threewave CTF''. ''Team Fortress'' maintained its standing as the most-played online modification of ''Quake'' for many years.
Another extremely popular mod was ''[[Threewave Software|Threewave]] [[Capture the Flag]]'' (CTF), primarily authored by Dave 'Zoid' Kirsch. ''[[Threewave Software|Threewave]] CTF'' is a [[partial conversion]] consisting of new maps, a new weapon (a [[grappling hook]]), runes (power-ups that stayed with you until you die...Black Magic (double damage, 8x damage when combined with quad), Hell Magic (1.5x rate of fire), Earth Magic (resistance), and Elder Magic (regeneration)), some new [[texture mapping|texture]]s and new rules of game play. Typically, two teams (red and blue) would compete in a game of [[Capture the flag]], though a few maps with up to four teams (red, blue, green, and yellow) were created. Capture the Flag has become a standard game mode included in most popular multiplayer games released after ''Quake'', in addition to [[deathmatch (gaming)|Deathmatch]] first introduced in ''[[Doom (video game)|Doom]]''. The mod was vastly popular and as of 2005 there is still a community of players who play the ''Quake CTF'' mod. The popularity of the specific ''Quake Threewave CTF'' mod stems from the speed of the game and the grappling hook. In most cases, a player has the ability to travel from one base to another base in a matter of seconds. The grappling hook acts as a slingshot, where advanced players can maneuver themselves in the air by using the strafe keys. Players would master flying around and shooting rockets with precise aim. The ''Threewave CTF Quake'' mod was converted into a ClanRing modification coded by J.P. Grossman and Paul Baker, geared towards match play. ''Quake CTF'' Clans used this mod to play 20 minute private matches. This same ''ClanRing'' modification would later be upgraded by pulsewidth and rook. This was widely used for team deathmatch tournaments. As of late 2005, two CTF servers still get active gameplay, nearly 10 years after the game's initial release. In 2005, woods released a [http://www.quakeone.com/ctfre new ctf textures] for the ''Threewave CTF'' maps for use with the new engines. There have also been variations to the basic CTF mod that extended it. One such variation was Creeper CTF, which was most well known for its extensive runes. Some notable runes and changes: Hell Magic (also called haste) increases run and grapple speed as well (grapple instant-hits, allowing you to truly fly), Vampire (leech hit points as you damage your victims...once you've killed, though, you have to kill more because your health will slowly diminish), and Monk (cannot be damaged when standing still), Witch (causes players to uncontrollably jump and shoot when shot...the only cure for Monk), and Ally (cannot be killed when teammates are nearby, and shares powerups with nearby teammates, including quad damage).
''[[Rocket Arena]]'' provides the ability for players to face each other in small, open arenas with changes in the gameplay rules so that item collection and detailed level knowledge are no longer factors. A series of short rounds, with the surviving player in each round gaining a point, instead tests the player's aiming and dodging skills and reflexes. ''[[Clan Arena]]'' is a further modification that provides teamplay using ''Rocket Arena'' rules. Such game modes are commonly found in later games under names like ''Last Man Standing''.
More extreme mods have included ''AirQuake'' (a primitive jet fighter simulation), ''Quake Rally'' (an off-road car racing game) and ''Quake Chess''. These, however, were stretching the engine's capabilities to the limit, and were more curiosities than particularly playable games, although various clans were created for playing them.
One interesting category of mod is the [[Computer game bot|bot]]. These were introduced to provide surrogate players in multiplayer mode, and are a particular challenge of [[artificial intelligence]] behavior implemented with the limited scripting system of QuakeC. Botblasts were for a time popular contests to see who could perform the best against one or more bots under specified conditions. Like speedruns, each player would record a demo (film) of his matches and use the best performance as his entry. Prominent ''Quake'' bots included the ''Zeus Bot'', ''Reaper Bot'', ''[http://leesvoer.com/zooi/projects/obots/default.html Omicron Bot]'', ''[http://www.oakbots.co.uk/the-oak/ Oak Bot]'', ''[http://www.inside3d.com/frikbot/ FrikBot]'' and ''Frog Bot''.
==Custom maps==
{{splitsection}}
It is also worth noting the huge number of custom maps that have been made by users and fans of the game. Also that these maps are continuing to be made today, over ten years since the game's release. Custom maps are completely new and original maps that are playable by simply loading them into the original game. Custom maps of all gameplay types have been made, but the most custom maps for ''Quake'' have been in the single-player and deathmatch genres.
More than 1500 single-player<ref name=SPmaps>{{Cite web | year = 2008 | url = http://www.quaddicted.com/?p=112 | title = Statistics on Quake Singleplayer Maps | publisher = Quaddicted.com | accessmonthday = March 23 | accessyear = 2008}}</ref> and a similar number of deathmatch maps have been made for ''Quake''. They vary in quality enormously, but the best custom maps are generally accepted to be better than the id Software maps in the original game. Some of the best and most ambitious single-player custom maps are episodes like ''[http://www.planetquake.com/nehahra/nehindex.html Nehahra]'', ''[http://www.planetquake.com/teamshambler/rev010103.html Insomnia]'', ''[http://dynamic.gamespy.com/~retroquake/blog/?p=177 Zerstorer]'',
''[http://ikq.planetquake.gamespy.com/levels.htm IKSPQ]'' by Iikka 'Fingers' Keränen, and ''[http://retroquake.planetquake.gamespy.com/blog/?p=169 Beyond Belief]'' by [[Matthias Worch]], and single maps like ''[http://dynamic.gamespy.com/%7Eretroquake/blog/?p=270 Marcher Fortress]'', ''[http://dynamic.gamespy.com/%7Eretroquake/blog/?p=113 Cassandra Calamity]'' and ''[http://web.archive.org/web/20030122083223/www.planetquake.com/damaul/map_all.asp Bestial Devastation]''. Two of the most popular multiplayer maps are ''[http://frib.planetquake.gamespy.com/aerowalk.html Aerowalk]'' by Preacher (''[http://www.qwplayers.org/inertia/aerowalk.txt popular strategy guide here]'') and ''[http://frib.planetquake.gamespy.com/ztndm3.html Blood Run]'' (ztndm3) by Sten 'ztn' Uusvali.
==Speedruns==
{{splitsection}}
[[Image:Q1scr 0.png|frame|right|Performing a [[grenade jumping|grenade jump]] on a Spawn in E4M3 [http://speeddemosarchive.com/quake/mkt.pl?level:e4m3] (''The Elder God Shrine'') in order to jump over a large lava pit for the upcoming [[Quake done Quick#Quake done Quick with a Vengeance Part II|Quake done Quick with a Vengeance Part II]] ]]
{{main|Speedrun}}
As an example of the dedication that ''Quake'' has inspired in its fan community, a group of expert players recorded [[speedrun]] ''demos'' (replayable recordings of the player's movement) of ''Quake'' levels completed in record time on the "Nightmare" [[difficulty level|skill level]]. The footage was edited into one continuous 19 minutes, 49 seconds demo called ''[[Quake done Quick]]'' (QdQ) and released on 10 June, 1997. Owners of the game could replay this demo in the game engine, watching the run unfold as if they were playing it themselves.
This involved a number of players recording run-throughs of individual levels, using every trick and shortcut they could discover in order to minimize the time it took to complete, usually to a degree that even the original level designers found difficult to comprehend, and in a manner that often bypassed large areas of the level. Stitching a series of the fastest runs together into a coherent whole created an amazing demonstration of the game played in a way that most players could never have imagined. ''Recamming'' is also used with speedruns in order to make the experience more movie-like, with arbitrary control of camera angles, editing, and sound that can be applied with editing software after the runs are first recorded. It should also be noted that the fastest possible time for a given level is not necessarily the fastest time used to contribute to "running" the entire game. One good example is grabbing the grenade launcher in an early level, an act that actually slows down the time for that level over the best possible, but actually speeds up the overall game time by allowing the runner to bypass a big chunk of a map in a later level that they could not otherwise do but for the launcher.
A second attempt, ''[[Quake done Quicker]]'' (''QdQr''), reduced the complete time to 16 minutes, 35 seconds (a reduction of 3 minutes, 14 seconds). ''QdQr'' was released 13 September, 1997. One of the levels included was the result of an online competition to see who could get the fastest time.
The culmination of this process of improvement was the unbelievable ''[[Quake done Quick with a Vengeance]]'' (''QdQwav''). Released three years to the day after ''QdQr'', this pared down the time taken to complete all four episodes, on Nightmare (hardest) difficulty, to 12 minutes, 23 seconds (a further reduction of 4 minutes, 12 seconds), partly by using techniques that had formerly been shunned in such films as being less aesthetically pleasing. This run was recorded as an in-game demo but interest was such that an [[Audio Video Interleave|.avi]] video clip was created to allow those without the game to see the run.
Most full-game speedruns are a collaborative effort by a number of runners (though some have been done by single runners on their own). Although each particular level is credited to one runner, the ideas and techniques used are iterative and collaborative in nature, with each runner picking up tips and ideas from the others, so that speeds keep improving beyond what was thought possible as the runs are further optimized and new tricks or routes are discovered.
Further time improvements of the continuous whole game run were achieved into the 21st century. In addition, many thousands of individual level runs are kept at [[Speed Demos Archive]]'s ''Quake'' section, including many on [[Quake#Custom Maps|custom maps]].
Speedrunning is a counterpart to multiplayer modes in making ''Quake'' one of the first games promoted as a virtual "sport".
{{further|[[Quake done Quick]]}}
{{Multi-video start}}
{{Multi-video item |
filename = quake_e4m3route.ogg |
title = Development of Quake route planning |
description = The progression of the route used to run the E4M3 segment in the ''[[Quake done Quick]]'' videos, from the original and lengthy version by Yonatan Donner to the last revision by Peter Horvath, is shown in this video. Refer to [[Speedrun]] for more information. (13.1 [[Megabyte|MB]], [[ogg]]/[[Theora]] format). |
format = [[Theora]]
}}
{{Multi-video end}}
==Further Releases==
===''VQuake''===
In late 1996, id Software released ''VQuake'', a port of the ''Quake'' engine to support hardware accelerated rendering on graphics cards using [[Rendition Vérité]] chipset. Aside from the expected benefit of improved performance, ''VQuake'' offered numerous visual improvements over the original software-rendered ''Quake''. It boasted full 16-bit color, bilinear filtering (reducing pixelation), improved dynamic lighting and even optional anti-aliasing.
As the name implied, ''VQuake'' was a proprietary port specifically for the Vérité; consumer 3D acceleration was in its infancy, and there was no standard 3D API for the consumer market. After completing ''VQuake'', John Carmack vowed never to write a proprietary port again, citing his frustration with Rendition's Speedy3D API.
===''QuakeWorld''===
{{splitsection}}
{{main|QuakeWorld}}
To improve the quality of online play, id Software released ''[[QuakeWorld]]'' on December 17, 1996, a build of ''Quake'' that featured significantly revamped network code including the addition of [[client-side prediction]]. The original ''Quake'''s network code would not show the player the results of his actions until the server sent back a reply acknowledging them. For example, if the player attempted to move forward, his client would send the request to move forward to the server, and the server would determine whether the client was actually able to move forward or if he ran into an obstacle, such as a wall or another player. The server would then respond to the client, and only then would the client display movement to the player. This was fine for play on a LAN — a high bandwidth, very low latency connection. But the latency over a dial-up Internet connection is much larger than on a LAN, and this caused a noticeable delay between when a player tried to act and when that action was visible on the screen. This made gameplay much more difficult, especially since the unpredictable nature of the Internet made the amount of delay vary from moment to moment. Players would experience jerky, laggy motion that sometimes felt like ice skating, where they would slide around with seemingly no ability to stop, due to a build-up of previously-sent movement requests. John Carmack has admitted that this was a serious problem which should have been fixed before release, but it was not caught because he and other developers had high-speed Internet access at home.
With the help of [[client-side prediction]], which allowed players to see their own movement immediately without waiting for a response from the server, ''QuakeWorld'''s network code allowed players with high-latency connections to control their character's movement almost as precisely as when playing in single-player mode. The netcode parameters could be adjusted by the user, so that ''QuakeWorld'' performed well for users with low latency (also referred to as Low Ping Bastards or [[LPB]]s) as well as high latency (sometimes called High Ping Bait ([[HPB]]s).
The tradeoff to client-side prediction was that sometimes other players or objects would no longer be quite where they had appeared to be, or, in extreme cases, that the player would be pulled back to a previous position when the client received a late reply from the server which overrode movement the client had already previewed; this was known as "warping". As a result, some serious players, particularly in the USA, still preferred to play online using the original ''Quake'' engine (commonly called ''NetQuake'') rather than ''QuakeWorld''. However, the majority of players, especially those on dial-up connections, preferred the newer network model, and ''QuakeWorld'' soon became the dominant form of online play. Following the success of ''QuakeWorld'', client-side prediction has become a standard feature of nearly all real-time online games.
As with all other ''Quake'' upgrades, ''QuakeWorld'' was released as a free, unsupported add-on to the game and was updated numerous times through 1998.
===''GLQuake'' and ''WinQuake''===
On [[January 22]], [[1997]], id Software released ''GLQuake''. This was designed to use the [[OpenGL]] 3D [[Application programming interface|API]] to access hardware 3D graphics acceleration cards to [[rasterization|rasterize]] the graphics, rather than having the computer's [[CPU]] fill in every [[pixel]]. In addition to higher framerates for most players, ''GLQuake'' provided higher [[display resolution|resolution]] modes and [[texture filtering]], improving image quality. ''GLQuake'' also experimented with reflections, transparent water, and even rudimentary shadows. ''GLQuake'' came with a [[device driver|driver]] enabling the subset of OpenGL used by the game to function on the [[3dfx]] ''[[Voodoo Graphics]]'' card, the only consumer-level card at the time capable of running ''GLQuake'' well. Previously, John Carmack had experimented with a version of Quake specifically written for the [[Rendition Vérité]] chip used in the [[Creative Labs]] ''PCI 3D Blaster'' card. This version had met with only limited success, and Carmack decided to write for generic APIs in the future rather than tailoring for specific hardware.
On [[March 11]], [[1997]], id Software released ''WinQuake'', a version of the engine designed to run under [[Microsoft Windows]]; the original ''Quake'' had been written for [[DOS]], allowing for launch from [[Windows 95]], but could not run under [[Windows NT]]-based operating systems. ''WinQuake'' used [[Win32]]-based APIs such as [[DirectDraw]], [[DirectSound]] and [[DirectInput]] that were supported on [[Windows 95]], [[Windows NT 4.0]] and later releases. Carmack caused some controversy, however, by eschewing [[Direct3D]], opting instead to continue supporting OpenGL. Like ''GLQuake'', ''WinQuake'' also allowed higher resolution video modes. This removed the last barrier to widespread popularity of the game.
===''Quake: Arcade Tournament Edition''===
In 1998, LBE Systems and Laser-Tron released ''Quake: Arcade Tournament Edition'' in the arcades in limited quantities.
*[http://www.klov.com/game_detail.php?game_id=9188 KLOV.com - Quake: Arcade Tournament Edition]
===Ports===
{{splitsection}}
In [[1996]], there was a port of ''Quake'' to Linux. Its developer used the ''Quake'' source code without license, and patches were submitted back to id Software before it became an official port. Additionally, source code was used without license to create an early fan-created port to [[Mac OS]]. [[1997]] saw further porting efforts, with an [[IRIX]] port, called ''SGI Quake'' [ftp://ftp.sgi.com/sgi/quake/index.html (link)] done by Ed Hutchins on the [[SGI O2]]. ''SGI Quake'' has both [[OpenGL]] and software rendering systems. In addition, in 1997, the official port to [[Mac OS]] was done by [[MacSoft]] and a port of ''Quake'' to [[SPARC]] [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] was released.
A faithful port of ''Quake'' was also released for the now defunct Acorn brand of home computer by R-Comp Interactive. A ''Quake'' player had already been available for a while before this port but required players to have the shareware or full PAK files. The Acorn port was basically the PC Resurrection Pack which had the original Quake bundled with Q-Zone and Malice, two third-party add-on packs.
''Quake'' was also ported to console systems. In 1997, it was ported to [[Sega Saturn]] by Lobotomy. The Saturn port used Lobotomy's own ''Slavedriver'' engine (the same engine that powers the Saturn port of ''[[Duke Nukem 3D]]'' and ''[[Powerslave (game)|Powerslave]]'') instead of the original Quake engine; yet it is widely considered to be some of the most advanced 3D work ever cranked out of the console; it is also the only version of ''Quake'' that is rated 'T' for Teen instead of 'M' for Mature. The Saturn version also contains four exclusive levels not seen in any other version. In 1998, ''Quake'' was brought to [[Nintendo 64]] by [[Midway Games]].
Both console ports required some compromises because of the limited [[Central processing unit|CPU]] power and [[Read-only memory|ROM]] storage space for maps. The Saturn version lacked multiplayer but had most of the maps from the original game, with only the secret levels (Ziggurat Vertigo (E1M8), The Underearth (E2M7), The Haunted Halls (E3M7) and The Nameless City (E4M8)) not making the cut. Instead, it had four new maps: Purgatorium, Hell's Aerie, The Coliseum and Watery Grave. The N64 version had multiplayer, but was missing The Grisly Grotto (E1M4), The Installation (E2M1), The Ebon Fortress (E2M4), The Wind Tunnels (E3M5), The Sewage System (E4M1) and Hell's Atrium (E4M5). It also lacks the "START" map where the player chooses difficulty and episode; difficulty is chosen when starting the game, and all the levels play in sequential order from The Slipgate Complex (E1M1) to Shub Niggurath's Pit (END).
A port for the [[Commodore Amiga]] was also made available in 1998 by [[clickBOOM]] Software. It is currently only available in a [[68K]] version (though the game is pretty much unplayable on anything less than a [[68060]] CPU).
Many more ports were done after the source code release, such as numerous homebrew ports for the [[Dreamcast]] and [[Xbox]] consoles. Most recently, an engine designed for Windows Mobile powered Pocket PCs has been released, which uses the 3D chip found in a few Dell PDAs. A Palm OS port is also available, called ZQuake.
There has also been a port for Series 60 Symbian mobile phones, although it is still in beta version. (http://sourceforge.net/projects/quakes60)
A second version for S60 which is more complete than the first version has surfaced recently. Currently it is available for phones that are based on S60 3rd Edition Feature Pack 1.
(http://koti.mbnet.fi/hinkka)
A Port to the Nintendo DS system has also been recently created for use on flash cards as [[homebrew]]. It supports any DS flashcard, and also supports the various RAM packs, DS flashcarts coming with extra memory for use with particularly large user-created mods. A release can be found at (http://www.quake.drunkencoders.com)
[[Image:Quake - family tree.svg|thumb|Family Tree of Quake engines]]
A port was written for the Sony PSP system; it requires the game files from the shareware version of the game. To date, only the first "episode" is playable and no updates have been released for quite some time. [http://home.comcast.net/~shernandez1337/]
A second PSP version was written which works with the full or shareware versions of the data files, has sound and supports networking. [http://sourceforge.net/projects/psp-quake/] Work still continues on this version, and the next release will have hardware rendering support.[http://aaiiee.wordpress.com/ports/quake/]
There is also a Gamecube port, as well as an enhanced version for the Nintendo Wii utilising a Wiimote/Nunchuk control scheme somewhat similar to [[Metroid Prime 3]]. A beta version of this Wii port, called QuakeGX after the 3-D hardware of the system, features 3D acceleration and all the features of GLQuake. It is available here [http://code.google.com/p/quake-gamecube/].
===Source code and legacy===
The [[source code]] of the ''Quake'' and ''[[QuakeWorld]]'' engines was licensed under the [[GNU General Public License|GPL]] in [[1999]]. The id Software maps, objects, textures, sounds and other creative works remain under their original license. The [[shareware]] distribution of ''Quake'' is still freely redistributable and usable with the GPLed engine code. One must purchase a copy of ''Quake'' in order to receive the registered version of the game which includes more single player episodes and the [[deathmatch (gaming)|deathmatch]] maps.
Based on the success of the first ''Quake'' game, id later published ''[[Quake II]]'' and ''[[Quake III Arena]]''; ''[[Quake 4]]'' was released in October 2005. It was developed by [[Raven Software]] using the ''[[Doom 3]]'' engine.
It is also interesting to note that ''Quake'' was the game primarily responsible for the emergence of the [[machinima]] artform of films made in game engines, thanks to edited ''Quake'' demos such as ''[http://www.machinima.com/films.php?id=99 Ranger Gone Bad]'' and ''[http://www.machinima.com/films.php?id=28 Blahbalicious]'', the in-game film ''The Devil's Covenant'' and the in-game-rendered, four-hour epic film ''[[The Seal of Nehahra]]''.
On [[June 22]], [[2006]], it had been 10 years since the original uploading of the game to [[cdrom.com]] archives. Many [[Internet forum]]s had topics about it, and it was a front page story on [[Slashdot]].[http://games.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=06/06/23/1755244]
On [[October 11]], [[2006]], [[John Romero]] released the original map files for all of the levels in ''Quake'' under the GPL. [http://rome.ro/2006/10/quake-map-sources-released.html]
== Games using a modified ''Quake'' engine ==
* ''CIA Operative: Solo Missions''
* ''[[Half-Life (computer game)|Half-Life]]'' (modified from Quake and [[Quake II]] engines) [http://collective.valve-erc.com/index.php?go=q1_or_q2]
* ''[[Hexen II]]''
* ''[[Hexen II|Hexen II Mission Pack: Portal of Praevus]]''
* ''[[Nexuiz]]'' (uses Darkplaces engine)
* ''Urban Mercenary''
* ''[[Laser Arena]]'' (2000) — Trainwreck Studios
* ''Urban Mercenary'' (2001) — Moshpit Entertainment
* ''Silver Wings'' (2005) — Bampusht! (uses a heavily modified version of [[Telejano]] engine)
==Modified ''Quake/QuakeWorld'' engines==
Changing the game engine became possible after the 1999 release of the ''Quake'' and ''QuakeWorld'' source code under the [[GNU General Public License|GPL]].
* ''[[DarkPlaces]]'' (Quake + QuakeWorld)
* ''[[Enhanced GLQuake]]'' (Quake)
* ''[[ezQuake]]'' (QuakeWorld)
* ''[[FuhQuake]]'' (QuakeWorld)
* ''[[FTEQW]]'' (QuakeWorld + Quake)
* ''[[GQ (game engine)|GQ]]'' (Quake)
* ''[[MQWCL]]'' (QuakeWorld)
* ''[[MVDSV|MVDSV (MultiView Demo Server)]]'' (QuakeWorld dedicated server)
* ''[[ProQuake]]'' (Quake)
* ''[[Qrack]]'' (Quake)
* ''[[QuakeForge]]'' (QuakeWorld)
* ''[[Telejano]]'' (Quake)
* ''[[Tenebrae (software)|Tenebrae]]'' (Quake)
* ''[[ZQuake]]'' (QuakeWorld)
==''Quake'' and ''QuakeWorld'' mods==
* ''[[Capture the Flag]]''
* ''3Wave Capture the Flag''
* ''Thunder Walker Capture the Flag'' [http://www.thunderwalker.net/]
* ''Creeper Capture the Flag''
* ''[[Clan Arena]]'' [http://rocketarena.planetquake.gamespy.com/]
* ''FrogBot''
* ''Kombat Teams''
* ''KTPro''
* ''KTX'' [http://ktx.qw-dev.net/]
* ''PainKeep'' [http://www.painkeep.net/]
* ''[[Rocket Arena]]'' [http://rocketarena.planetquake.gamespy.com/]
* ''[[Slide]]''
* ''[[Team Fortress]]'' [http://www.planetfortress.com/teamfortress/]
* ''RuneQuake'' [http://www.runequake.com/]
* ''QBall''
* ''AirQuake'' [http://ikq.planetquake.gamespy.com/airquake/airquake.htm]
* ''Future vs Fantasy Quake [http://fvfonline.com/]
==''QuakeWorld'' servers==
* ''[[MVDSV]]''
==QuakeCon==
Popular North American [[LAN Party]] [[QuakeCon]] finds its roots in the game as well. The [[gaming convention]] was started up so ''Quake'' fans could get together every year and compete on a LAN, on even footing without Internet connection [[Lag|latency]] and [[packet loss]] handicapping play. In 2007 Quake 1 became part of the 'grand prize' Quake Tournament series, which involves playing 1v1 matches of Quake 1,2,3 and 4. In the Quad Damage tournament, Quake 1 took a pivotal role in leveling the playing field since many pro players were not accustomed to the play style of Quake 1 and features, such as Juggling with the Thunderbolt and increased rocket speed.
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.idsoftware.com/games/quake/quake/ id Software: ''Quake'']
* {{dmoz|Games/Video_Games/Shooter/Q/Quake_Series/Quake|Quake}}
* [http://quakery.quakedev.com/qwiki/ Quake Wiki]
* [http://wiki.qwdrama.com QuakeWorld Wiki]
{{Quake}}
[[Category:1996 video games]]
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