Quirinus
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2008-07-15T16:01:28Z
Epbr123
1395162
Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/Pink!Teen|Pink!Teen]] to last version by Polylerus (using [[WP:HG|Huggle]])
{{otheruses4|the Roman god}}
In [[Roman mythology]], '''Quirinus''' was an early god of the Roman state. In Augustan Rome, Quirinus was also an [[epithet]] of [[Janus (mythology)|Janus]], as ''Janus Quirinus''.<ref>In the prayer of the [[fetiales]] quoted by [[Livy]] (I.32.10); [[Macrobius]] (''Sat.'' I.9.15); </ref>
==History==
Quirinus was originally most likely a [[Sabine]] god. The Sabines had a settlement near the eventual site of [[Rome, Italy|Rome]], and erected an altar to Quirinus on the ''Collis Quirinalis'', the [[Quirinal Hill]], one of the [[Seven Hills of Rome]]. When the Romans settled there, they absorbed the cult of Quirinus into their early belief system — previous to direct Greek influence — and he was said to be the deified [[Romulus]]. He soon became an important god of the Roman state, being included in the earliest precursor of the [[Capitoline Triad]], along with [[Mars (mythology)|Mars]] (then an agriculture god) and [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]].<ref>Inez Scott Ryberg, "Was the Capitoline Triad Etruscan or Italic?" ''The American Journal of Philology'' '''52'''.2 (1931), pp. 145-156.</ref> [[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]] notes the ''Capitolium Vetus'' an earlier cult sited on the Quirinal, devoted to Jupiter, Juno and Minerva,<ref>Varro, ''De lingua latina'' V.158.</ref> among whom [[Martial]] makes a distinction between the "old Jupiter" and the "new".<ref>Martial, (V, 22.4) remarks on a position on the [[Esquiline]] from which one might see ''hinc novum Iovem, inde veterem'', "here the new Jupiter, there the old."</ref>
In later times, however, Quirinus became far less important, losing his place to the later, more widely known Capitoline Triad ([[Juno (mythology)|Juno]] and [[Minerva]] took his and Mars' place). Later still, Romans began to drift away from the state belief system in favor of more personal and mystical cults (such as those of [[Dionysus|Bacchus]], [[Cybele]], and [[Isis]]). In the end, he was worshiped almost exclusively by his flamen, the [[Flamen Quirinalis]], who remained, however, one of the patrician ''flamines maiores'', the "greater flamens" who preceded the [[Pontifex Maximus]] in precedence.<ref>[[Festus]], 198, L: "''Quirinalis, socio imperii Romani Curibus ascito Quirino"''.</ref>
==Depiction==
In earlier Roman [[art]], he was portrayed as a bearded man with religious and military clothing. However, he was almost never depicted in later Roman belief systems. He was also often associated with the [[myrtle]].
==Festivals==
His [[festival]] was the '''Quirinalia''', held on [[February 17]].
==Trivia==
Even centuries after the fall of the Roman Empire the [[Quirinale]] hill in Rome, originally named from the deified [[Romulus]], was still associated with power, hence it was chosen as the seat of the royal house after the taking of Rome by the [[Savoia]] and later it became the residence of the [[President of Italy|Presidents of the Italian Republic]].
Quirinus and Remus are two characters in the [[Harry Potter]] series of novels.
==Notes==
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{{Roman myth}}
[[Category:Roman gods]]
[[Category:Roman mythology]]
[[ar:كويرينوس]]
[[bg:Квирин]]
[[ca:Quirí]]
[[da:Quirinus]]
[[de:Quirinus (Mythologie)]]
[[el:Κουϊρίνος]]
[[es:Quirino (mitología)]]
[[fr:Quirinus]]
[[it:Quirino (divinità)]]
[[lt:Kvirinas]]
[[mk:Квирин]]
[[nl:Quirinus (mythologie)]]
[[ja:クゥイリーヌス]]
[[pl:Kwiryn (bóg)]]
[[pt:Quirino (mitologia)]]
[[ro:Quirinus]]
[[simple:Quirinus]]
[[fi:Quirinus]]
[[sv:Quirinus]]
[[tr:Quirinus]]
[[uk:Квірін]]