Regressive autism
2092692
221206329
2008-06-23T14:38:32Z
DOI bot
6652755
Citation maintenance. You can [[WP:DOI|use this bot]] yourself! Please [[User:DOI_bot/bugs|report any bugs]].
'''Regressive autism''' occurs when a child appears to develop typically but then starts to lose [[Speech communication|speech]] and social skills at about the age of 18 months and is later diagnosed with [[autism]]. Other terms used to describe regression in children with autism are '''autism with regression''', '''autistic regression''', '''setback-type autism''', and '''acquired autistic syndrome'''.<ref name=Halsey>{{cite journal |author=Halsey NA, Hyman SL, Converence Writing Panel |title= Measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and autistic spectrum disorder: report from the New Challenges in Childhood Immunizations Conference convened in Oak Brook, Illinois, June 12–13, 2000 |journal=Pediatrics |volume=107 |issue=5 |pages=e84 |year=2001 |pmid=11331734 |url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/107/5/e84 |doi= 10.1542/peds.107.5.e84}}</ref> There is no standard definition for regression,<ref name=Halsey/> and the prevalence of regression varies depending on the definition used.<ref name=Hansen/>
Approximately 25–30% of children with [[autism spectrum]] disorders stop speaking after beginning to say words, often before the age of two.<ref name=Johnson>{{cite journal |author=Johnson CP, Myers SM |title=Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders |journal=Pediatrics |volume=120 |issue=5 |pages=1183–215 |year=2007 |pmid=17967920 |doi=10.1542/peds.2007-2361|url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/120/5/1183}}</ref> Some children lose social development instead of language; some lose both.<ref name=Hansen>{{cite journal |journal= Ambul Pediatr |date=2008 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=25–31 |title= Regression in autism: prevalence and associated factors in the CHARGE study |author= Hansen RL, Ozonoff S, Krakowiak P ''et al.'' |doi=10.1016/j.ambp.2007.08.006 |pmid=18191778 |doi_brokendate= 2008-06-23}}</ref> After the regression, the child follows the standard pattern of autistic neurological development. The term refers to the appearance that neurological development has reversed; it is actually only the affected developmental skills, rather than the neurology as a whole, that regresses. It is more usual for autistic neurological development to not include such aberrations, with age-appropriate autistic symptoms being clear from birth.
Skill loss may be quite rapid, or may be slow and preceded by a lengthy period of no skill progression; the loss may be accompanied by reduced social play or increased irritability.<ref name=Halsey/> The temporarily acquired skills typically amount to a few words of spoken language, and may include some rudimentary social perception. In some cases a child will go through a period of learning new words at the cost of losing previously acquired words.
Regression in autism spectrum disorders is well documented; attributing regression to environmental stressors may result in a delay in diagnosis.<ref name=Johnson/> The apparent onset of regressive autism is surprising and distressing to parents, who often initially suspect severe hearing loss. The pattern of symptoms naturally leads many to suspect that postnatal environmental factors trigger autism. In particular, because obvious symptoms start just after children receive multiple [[vaccination]]s, such as MMR plus varicella (chickenpox), some people perceive a [[Causality|causal link]] between vaccination and autism, especially if accompanied by a fever, rash, and rapid skill loss. Although [[Controversies in autism#Vaccines and autism|some controversy]] remains no link has been found with vaccines.<ref name=Richler>{{cite journal |author= Richler J, Luyster R, Risi S ''et al.'' |title= Is there a 'regressive phenotype' of Autism Spectrum Disorder associated with the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine? a CPEA study |journal= J Autism Dev Disord |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=299–316 |year=2006 |pmid=16729252 |doi=10.1007/s10803-005-0070-1}}</ref>
Other disorders that involve regression are total blindness from birth, [[childhood disintegrative disorder]], [[Rett syndrome]] and [[Landau-Kleffner syndrome]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Rogers SJ |title=Developmental regression in autism spectrum disorders |journal= Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=139–43 |year=2004 |pmid=15362172 |doi=10.1002/mrdd.20027}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Pervasive developmental disorders}}
[[Category:Autism]]
{{Autism-stub}}
[[hr:Regresivni autizam]]
[[tr:Regresif otizm]]