Renaissance painting 311401 225062450 2008-07-11T18:28:17Z Iridescent 937705 Cleanup/[[WP:AWB/T|typo fixing]], typos fixed: of of → of using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{for|general developments in Italy|Italian Renaissance painting}} [[Image:Tizian 029.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Titian]], ''[[Sacred and Profane Love]]'', c. 1513-1514]] '''Renaissance painting''' bridges the period of [[European art history]] between the [[Medieval art|art of the Middle Ages]] and [[Baroque art]]. [[Painting]] of this era is connected to the "rebirth" (''renaissance'' in French) of classical antiquity, the impact of [[Renaissance humanism|humanism]] on artists and their patrons, new artistic sensibilities and techniques, and, in general, the transition from the [[Medieval]] period to the [[Early modern]] age. In the [[visual art]]s, significant achievements occur around 1400 in both [[Italy]] and north of the [[Alps]]. [[Masaccio]]'s art and the writings of [[Leon Battista Alberti]] helped establish [[linear perspective]] and the idealisation of the human body as primary ideas of Italian Renaissance painting in the early 15th century. Likewise, [[Early Netherlandish artist]]s such as [[Jan van Eyck]] were innovators in [[oil painting]] and intuitive spatial compositions. The brief [[High Renaissance]] (c. 1500–1520) centred around [[Leonardo da Vinci]], [[Michelangelo]] and [[Raphael]] in Florence and [[Rome]], was a culmination of the Italian achievements, while artists like [[Albrecht Dürer]] brought a similar level of intellectual and artistic innovation to northern Europe. Late Renaissance painting, from about 1520 until the end of the 16th century, is marked by various [[Mannerist]] tendencies that spread from Italy through the rest of France. ==Themes and symbolism== Renaissance artists painted a wide variety of themes. Religious [[altarpiece]]s, [[fresco]] cycles, and small works for private devotion were very popular. For inspiration, painters in both Italy and northern Europe frequently turned to [[Jacobus de Voragine]]'s ''[[Golden Legend]]'' ([[1260]]), a highly influential source book for the lives of [[saint]]s that had already had a strong influence on Medieval artists. The rebirth of classical antiquity and [[Renaissance humanism]] also resulted in many [[Mythology|Mythological]] and [[history painting]]s. [[Ovidian]] stories, for example, were very popular. Decorative [[Ornament (architecture)|ornament]], often used in painted architectural elements, was especially influenced by classical Roman motifs. ==Techniques== {{Renaissance}} *The use of [[Perspective (graphical)|perspective]]: The first major treatment of the painting as a window into space appeared in the work of [[Giotto di Bondone]], at the beginning of the 14th century. True linear perspective was formalized later, by [[Filippo Brunelleschi]] and [[Leon Battista Alberti]]. In addition to giving a more realistic presentation of art, it moved Renaissance painters into painting more paintings. *Balance and Proportion: proper sizes and the use of airy, bright colors. The human anatomy wasn't as idealized as during the ancient times. ==Italian artists== {{Main|Italian Renaissance painting}} * [[Leone Battista Alberti]] (1404-1472) * [[Fra Angelico]] (c.1395-1455) * [[Biagio d'Antonio]] * [[Giotto di Bondone]] (1267-1337) * [[Donatello]] * [[Sandro Botticelli]] * [[Masaccio]] * [[Domenico Veneziano]] * [[Filippo Lippi]] * [[Andrea del Castagno]] * [[Piero di Cosimo]] * [[Paolo Uccello]] * [[Antonello da Messina]] * [[Pisanello]] * [[Andrea Mantegna]] * [[Luca Signorelli]] * [[Alessio Baldovinetti]] * [[Piero della Francesca]] * [[Masolino]] * [[Andrea del Verrocchio]] * [[Domenico Ghirlandaio]] * [[Benozzo Gozzoli]] * [[Carlo Crivelli]] ==Artists of the Low Countries== ''Main articles: [[Early Netherlandish painting]] for 15th century artists, [[Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting]] for 16th century artists'' * [[Jean Bellegambe]] (c.1470-1535) * [[Hieronymus Bosch]] (c.1450-1516) * [[Dirk Bouts]] * [[Robert Campin]] (c.1380-1444) * [[Petrus Christus]] (1410/1420-1472) * [[Jacques Daret]] * [[Gerard David]] (c.1455&ndash;1523) * [[Hubert van Eyck]] (1366?-1426) * [[Jan van Eyck]] (1385?-1440?) * [[Geertgen tot Sint Jans]] * [[Hugo van der Goes]] * [[Adriaen Isenbrant]] (c.1490-1551) * [[Limbourg brothers]] * [[Quentin Matsys]] (1466-1530) * [[Hans Memling]] (c.1430-1494) * [[Joachim Patinir]] * [[Roger van der Weyden]] (Rogier de la Pasture) [[Image:eyck.hubert.lamb.750pix.jpg|thumb|350px|"The Ghent Altarpiece: The Adoration of the Lamb" (interior view) painted 1432 by Jan van Eyck.]] ==German artists== <h4> * [[Albrecht Altdorfer]] (c.1480-1538) * [[Hans Baldung]] (c.1480-1545), [[Alsatian]] * [[Lucas Cranach the Elder]] (1472-1553) * [[Lucas Cranach the Younger]] (1515-1586) * [[Albrecht Dürer]] (1471-1528) * [[Matthias Grünewald]] (c.1470-1528) * [[Hans Holbein the Elder]] (c.1460-1524) * [[Hans Holbein the Younger]] (c.1497&ndash;1543) * [[Ambrosius Holbein]] (1494-1519) ==French artists== * [[Jean Fouquet]] * [[Jean Clouet]] * [[Francois Clouet]] * [[Barthélemy d'Eyck]] (born Netherlands), * [[Nicolas Froment]] * [[Jean Hey]] (formerly known as the Master of Moulins) * [[Simon Marmion]] * [[Enguerrand Quarton]] ==Spanish Artists== * [[Bartolomé Bermejo]] * [[Ayne Bru]] * [[Juan de Flandes]] * [[Jaume Huguet]] * [[Pablo de San Leocadio]] ==Works== * [[Ghent Altarpiece]], by Hubert and Jan van Eyck * [[The Arnolfini Portrait]], by Jan van Eyck * The [[Portinari Triptych]], by Hugo van der Goes ==Major collections== ::General Collections: * [[National Gallery, London]] * [[Louvre]], Paris * [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington * [[Gemäldegalerie, Berlin]] * [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], [[New York City]] ::Netherlandish: * Musee Communal des Beaux-Arts, [[Bruges]], [[Belgium]] * [[Groeningemuseum]], [[Bruges]], Belgium * [[Museo del Prado]], [[Madrid]], [[Spain]] - for works of [[Hieronymus Bosch]] ::Italian: * [[Uffizi]], [[Florence]] ==See also== * [[Italian Renaissance painting]] * [[History of painting]] * [[International Gothic]] * [[Danube school]] * [[Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects]] [[Category:Renaissance art]] [[Category:Painting]] [[Category:Renaissance]] [[Category:art history]] [[de:Malerei der Renaissance]] [[es:Pintura renacentista]] [[fr:Peinture de la Renaissance]] [[mk:Раноренесансно сликарство]] [[nl:Vroege renaissance (schilderkunst)]] [[ja:ルネサンス美術]] [[pl:Malarstwo renesansu]] [[pt:Pintura do Renascimento]] [[ru:Изобразительное искусство Возрождения]]