Renal osteodystrophy 2241832 215302263 2008-05-27T16:33:27Z DOI bot 6652755 Citation maintenance. You can [[WP:DOI|use this bot]] yourself! Please [[User:DOI_bot/bugs|report any bugs]]. {{Infobox_Disease | Name = Renal osteodystrophy | Image = | Caption = | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = {{ICD10|N|25|0|n|25}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|588.0}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = radio | eMedicineTopic = 500 | MeshID = D012080 | }} '''Renal osteodystrophy''' is a [[bone]] [[pathology]], characterized by defective mineralization, that results from [[Nephrology|kidney disease]]. Renal oseodystrophy comes in two different forms, high bone turnover and low bone turnover. ==Signs and symptoms== Renal osteodystrophy may exhibit no symptoms; if it does show symptoms, they include: *[[Bone pain]] *[[Arthralgia|Joint pain]] *Bone deformation *[[Bone fracture]] ==Diagnosis== Renal osteodystrophy is usually diagnosed after treatment for [[Chronic kidney diseaase|end-stage renal disease]] begins. Blood tests will indicate decreased [[calcium]] and [[calcitriol]] and increased [[phosphate]] and [[parathyroid hormone]]. X-rays will also show bone features of renal osteodystropy ([[chondrocalcinosis]] at the knees and [[pubic symphysis]], [[osteopenia]] and bone fractures) but may be difficult to differentiate from other conditions. ==Pathogenesis== Renal osteodystrophy results from low [[vitamin D]] levels, tertiary [[hyperparathyroidism]] or [[hyperphosphatemia]], an abnormally elevated serum phosphate, combined with [[hypocalcaemia]], low serum calcium, both of which are due to decreased excretion of phosphate by the damaged kidney. ==Differential diagnosis== To confirm diagnosis, renal osteodystrophy must be distinguished from: *[[osteoporosis]] *osteopenia *[[osteomalacia]] *[[hyperparathyroidism]] *[[multiple myeloma]] *soft tissue calcification *chondrocalcinosis *[[hypervitaminosis]] ==Treatment== Treatment for renal osteodystrophy includes: *calcium and [[vitamin D]] supplementation *restrictionof dietary phosphate *[[phosphate binders]] such as [[calcium carbonate]], [[calcium acetate]], [[sevelamer]] hydrochloride, or [[lanthanum carbonate]] *[[cinacalcet]] *[[renal transplantation]] *[[hemodialysis]] five times a week is thought to be of benefit<ref name=bonomini>{{cite journal |author=Bonomini V, Mioli V, Albertazzi A, Scolari P |title=Daily-dialysis programme: indications and results |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=13 |issue=11 |pages=2774–7; discussion 2777–8 |year=1998 |pmid=9829478 |doi=}}</ref> ==Prognosis== Recovery from renal osteodystrophy has been observed post renal transplantation. Renal osteodystrophy is a [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] condition with a conventional hemodialysis schedule.<ref name=bonomini/> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *[http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/renalosteodystrophy/ Renal Osteodystrophy] - NKUDIC, NIH {{Nephrology}} [[Category:Organ failure]] [[Category:Kidney diseases]] [[Category:Histopathology]] [[de:Renale Osteodystrophie]] [[fr:Ostéodystrophie rénale]]