Retroperitoneum
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2008-06-15T17:02:12Z
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Cancer fact seemed out of place. Since there is no section within this page about retroperineal cancer I have removed the line.
{{Infobox Anatomy |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Latin = spatium retroperitoneale |
GraySubject = |
GrayPage = |
Image = Gray1126.png |
Caption = Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney. |
Image2 = Kidneys from behind.jpg |
Caption2 = Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed |
System = |
Precursor = |
MeshName = Retroperitoneal+Space |
MeshNumber = A01.047.025.750 |
DorlandsPre = s_16 |
DorlandsSuf = 12746619 |
}}
The '''retroperitoneum''' (adj. '''retroperitoneal''') is the anatomical space behind (''retro'') the [[abdominal cavity]]. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they only have peritoneum on their anterior side.
Retroperitoneal bleeding, such as from a ruptured [[aortic aneurysm]] shows as [[Grey Turner's sign]] (flank bruising).
==Secondarily retroperitoneal organs==
Organs that were once suspended within the abdominal cavity by [[mesentery]] but migrated posterior to the peritoneum during the course of [[embryogenesis]] to become retroperitoneal are considered to be secondarily retroperitoneal organs.
==Retroperitoneal structures==
Structures that lie behind the [[peritoneum]] are termed "retroperitoneal". These include:
* Primarily retroperitoneal:
** urinary
*** [[adrenal gland]]s
*** [[kidney]]s
*** [[ureter]]
*** [[Urinary bladder|bladder]]
** circulatory
*** [[aorta]]
*** [[inferior vena cava]]
** digestive
*** [[esophagus]] (part)
*** [[rectum]]
** Reproductive
***[[uterus]]
* Secondarily retroperitoneal:
** the head and neck of the [[pancreas]] (but not the [[Tail of pancreas|tail]])<ref name="isbn0-7817-5309-0">{{cite book |author=Kyung Won, PhD. Chung |title=Gross Anatomy (Board Review) |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |location=Hagerstwon, MD |year=2005 |pages=256 |isbn=0-7817-5309-0 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>
** the second and third portions of the [[duodenum]] (but not the first or fourth)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.med.mun.ca/anatomyts/digest/postab.htm |title=The Posterior Abdominal Wall |accessdate=2007-11-17 |format= |work=}}</ref>
** ascending and descending portions of the [[colon (anatomy)|colon]] (but not the transverse or sigmoid)
This one is all the abdominal retroperitoneal viscera: '''U'''rsula '''U'''ses '''K'''ids to '''D'''eliver '''A'''ll '''L'''emon '''P'''ies except '''S'''ue’s '''T'''asty '''C'''rust
* '''U'''reters
* '''U'''rinary bladder
* '''K'''idneys
* '''D'''uodenum
* '''A'''drenal glands
* '''L'''arge intestine
* '''P'''ancreas
* '''EXCEPT''' (not retroperitoneal)
** '''S'''igmoid
** '''T'''ransverse
** '''C'''olon
==Role in disease==
* [[Retroperitoneal fibrosis]]
* [[Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Torso general}}
[[Category:Physiology]]
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