Robert F. Furchgott
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{{Infobox Scientist
|name = Robert Francis Furchgott
|box_width =
|image =Drfurchgott.jpg
|image_width =150px
|caption = Robert Francis Furchgott
|birth_date = [[June 4]], [[1916]] (age 92)
|birth_place = [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[South Carolina]]
|death_date =
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|residence =
|citizenship =
|nationality = [[United States]]
|ethnicity =
|field = [[biochemistry]]
|work_institutions =
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|author_abbrev_bot =
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|influences =
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|prizes = [[Image:Nobel prize medal.svg|20px]][[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in [[1998]]
|religion =
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}}
'''Robert Francis Furchgott''' (born [[June 4]], [[1916]] in [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[South Carolina]]) is a [[Nobel Prize]]-winning [[United States|American]] [[biochemist]].
Furchgott graduated with a degree in chemistry in [[1937]] from the [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]], received his [[Ph.D]] in biochemistry at [[Northwestern University]] in [[1940]]. He was faculty member of [[Washington University School of Medicine]] from 1949 to 1956. From [[1956]] to [[1988]], he was professor of [[pharmacology]] at the [[State University of New York Downstate Medical Center]].
In [[1978]], Furchgott discovered a substance in [[endothelium|endothelial cells]] that relaxes [[blood vessel]]s, calling it [[endothelium-derived relaxing factor]] (EDRF). By [[1986]], he had worked out EDRF's nature and mechanism of action, and determined that EDRF was in fact [[nitric oxide]] (NO), an important compound in many aspects of cardiovascular physiology. This research was important in the creation of [[Viagra]].
Aside from the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] he received in [[1998]], Furchgott has also received a [[Gairdner Foundation International Award]] for his groundbreaking discoveries ([[1991]]) and the [[Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research]] ([[1996]]), the latter with [[Ferid Murad]].
[[As of 2006]], Furchgott lives in [[Brooklyn]] and has three children. He continues to serve as a professor emeritus at the [[State University of New York Downstate Medical Center]].
==References==
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:11071225
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11071225
|last=Raju
|first=T N
|publication-date=2000 Jul 22
|year=[[2000]]
|title=The Nobel chronicles. 1998: Robert Francis Furchgott (b 1911), Louis J Ignarro (b 1941), and Ferid Murad (b 1936).
|volume=356
|issue=9226
|periodical=[[The_Lancet|Lancet]]
|pages=346
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:10065255
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10065255
|last=Rabelink
|first=A J
|publication-date=1998 Dec 26
|year=[[1998]]
|title=Nobel prize in Medicine and Physiology 1998 for the discovery of the role of nitric oxide as a signalling molecule
|volume=142
|issue=52
|periodical=Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde
|pages=2828-30
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:9893684
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9893684
|last=Laufs
|first=U
|last2=Erdmann
|first2=E
|publication-date=1998 Dec 18
|year=[[1998]]
|title=Nitric oxide as a signal molecule in the cardiovascular system. Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1998
|volume=123
|issue=51-52
|periodical=Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.
|pages=1562-5
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:9889673
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889673
|last=Hansson
|first=G K
|last2=Jörnvall
|first2=H
|last3=Lindahl
|first3=S G
|publication-date=1998 Dec 21
|year=[[1998]]
|title=The Nobel Prize 1998 in physiology or medicine. Nitrogen oxide as a signal molecule in the cardiovascular system
|volume=160
|issue=52
|periodical=Ugeskr. Laeg.
|pages=7571-8
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:9889670
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889670
|last=Nielsen
|first=T T
|last2=Sørensen
|first2=K E
|publication-date=1998 Dec 21
|year=[[1998]]
|title=Discovery of "endogenous nitroglycerin", NO, as cellular signal molecule
|volume=160
|issue=52
|periodical=Ugeskr. Laeg.
|pages=7567
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:9831980
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9831980
|last=Mitka
|first=M
|publication-date=1998 Nov 18
|year=[[1998]]
|title=1998 Nobel Prize winners are announced: three discoverers of nitric oxide activity.
|volume=280
|issue=19
|periodical=[[Journal of the American Medical Association|JAMA]]
|pages=1648
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:9821753
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9821753
|last=Hansson
|first=G K
|last2=Jörnvall
|first2=H
|last3=Lindahl
|first3=S G
|publication-date=1998 Oct 21
|year=[[1998]]
|title=1998 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. Nitric oxide as a signal molecule in the cardiovascular system
|volume=95
|issue=43
|periodical=Lakartidningen
|pages=4703-8
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:8827976
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8827976
|last=Furchgott
|first=R F
|publication-date=1996 Oct 9
|year=[[1996]]
|title=The 1996 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards. The discovery of endothelium-derived relaxing factor and its importance in the identification of nitric oxide.
|volume=276
|issue=14
|periodical=[[Journal of the American Medical Association|JAMA]]
|pages=1186-8
}}
==External links==
*[http://www.downstate.edu/RFFS/ The Robert F. Furchgott Society]
*[http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1998/furchgott-autobio.html Furchgott's autobiography] (until 1998, at nobelprize.org)
*[http://www.downstate.edu/pharmacology/faculty/furchgott.html His laboratory's webpage]
{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates 1976-2000}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Furchgott, Robert F.}}
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American biochemists]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine]]
[[Category:American pharmacologists]]
[[Category:People from Charleston, South Carolina]]
{{US-biochemist-stub}}
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