Robert Remak
3728320
212863858
2008-05-16T16:44:52Z
Plindenbaum
2796168
infobox
{{Infobox Scientist
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|box_width =
|image =Robert Remak.gif
|image_width =150px
|caption = {{PAGENAME}}
|birth_date = [[July 26]] [[1815]]
|birth_place =
|death_date = [[August 29]] [[1865]]
|death_place =
|residence =
|citizenship =
|nationality = [[Poland|Polish]]/[[Germany|German]]
|ethnicity =
|field = [[embryology]]<br/>[[physiologist]]<br/>[[neurology]]
|work_institutions =
|alma_mater = [[University of Berlin]]
|doctoral_advisor = [[Johannes Muller]]
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = [[ectoderm]], [[mesoderm]] and [[endoderm]]
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences =
|influenced =
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}}'''Robert Remak''' ([[July 26]] [[1815]] - [[August 29]] [[1865]]) was a [[Poland|Polish]]/[[Germany|German]] embryologist, physiologist, and neurologist, born in [[Province of Posen|Posen, Prussia]]. Dr. Remak obtained his medical degree from Friedrich Wilhelm University in
Berlin in 1838 specializing in neurology.<ref>Kish, B. Forgotten Leaders in Modern Medicine. Valentin, Gruby, Remak, Auerbach. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. Vol. 44, Issue 2, pg. 139-317, 1954.</ref> He is best known for reducing [[Karl Ernst von Baer]]'s four [[germ layer]]s to three: the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. He also discovered unmyelinated nerve fibres and the nerve cells in the heart sometimes called [[Remak's ganglia]]. He studied under [[Johannes Muller]] at the University of Berlin.
Despite his accomplishments, because of his Jewish faith he was repeatedly denied full professor status until late in life, and even then was denied the usual benefits of the position.
His son [[Ernst Julius Remak]] was also a neurologist and his grandson was the mathematician [[Robert Remak (mathematician)|Robert Remak]] who died in [[Auschwitz]] in 1942.
==References==
<references/>
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:2251855
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2251855
|last=Schmiedebach
|first=H P
|publication-date=1990
|year=[[1990]]
|title=[Robert Remak (1815-1865). A jewish physician and researcher between recognition and rejection]
|volume=84
|issue=17
|periodical=Zeitschrift für ärztliche Fortbildung
|pages=889-94
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:3545332
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3545332
|last=Anderson
|first=C T
|publication-date=1986
|year=[[1986]]
|title=Robert Remak and the multinucleated cell: eliminating a barrier to the acceptance of cell division.
|volume=60
|issue=4
|periodical=Bulletin of the history of medicine
|pages=523-43
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:3889638
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3889638
|last=Seeliger
|first=H P
|publication-date=1985 Apr
|year=[[1985]]
|title=The discovery of Achorion schoenleinii. Facts and stories (Johann Lucas Schoenlein and Robert Remak).
|volume=28
|issue=4
|periodical=Mykosen
|pages=161-82
}}
*{{Citation
|id = [[PMID]]:14059131
|url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14059131
|last=SCHWANN
|first=J
|last2=SCHWANN
|first2=S
|publication-date=1963
|year=[[1963]]
|title=[CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE DISCOVERY OF THE PATHOGEN OF FAVUS (TRICHOPHYTON SCHOENLEINI, ACHORION SCHOENLEINI) BY ROBERT REMAK.]
|volume=9
|issue=
|periodical=Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis
|pages=161-7
}}
==External links==
*[http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1180.html Biography]
*[http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/298/5602/2331 Scientific biography]
* [http://vlp.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/people/data?id=per130 Short biography and bibliography] in the Virtual Laboratory of the [[Max Planck Institute for the History of Science]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Remak}}
[[Category:1815 births]]
[[Category:1865 deaths]]
[[Category:German biologists]]
{{Germany-scientist-stub}}
{{biologist-stub}}
[[de:Robert Remak (Arzt)]]
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[[ja:ローベルト・レーマク]]
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[[zh:羅伯特·雷馬克]]