Root vegetable 236695 224205551 2008-07-07T20:15:24Z Arsenikk 1724762 Reverted 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/209.11.231.162|209.11.231.162]] identified as [[WP:VAND|vandalism]] to last revision by [[User:Arsenikk|Arsenikk]]. ([[WP:TW|TW]]) '''Root vegetables''' are plant roots used as [[vegetable]]s.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/root_1?view=uk | title=AskOxford.com | accessdate=2007-05-06 }}</ref> Other underground plants are often, erroneously, called root vegetables. Root vegetables include both true [[root]]s such as [[tuberous root]]s and [[taproot]]s, but exclude non-roots such as [[tuber]]s, [[rhizome]]s, [[corm]]s, and [[bulb]]s. Several types contain both taproot and [[hypocotyl]] tissue, and it may be difficult to distinguish the two. Regardless of anatomical type, root vegetables are generally [[storage organ]]s, enlarged to store energy in the form of [[carbohydrate]]s. They differ in the concentration and the balance between [[sugar]]s, [[starch]]es, and other types of carbohydrate. Of particular economic importance are those with a high carbohydrate concentration in the form of starch. These '''starchy root vegetables''' are important [[staple food]]s, particularly in tropical regions. They overshadow the [[cereal]]s throughout much of [[West Africa]], [[Central Africa]], and [[Oceania]], where they are used directly or mashed to make [[foufou]] or [[poi (food)|poi]]. == List of underground vegetables by anatomical type == [[Image:Manihot esculenta dsc07325.jpg|right|240px|thumb|Cassava tuberous roots]] [[Image:Colocasia esculenta dsc07801.jpg|right|240px|thumb|Taro corms]] [[Image:YamsatBrixtonMarket.jpg|right|240px|thumb|Yam tubers]] [[Image:Shallots - sliced and whole.jpg|right|240px|thumb|Shallot bulbs]] * True root ** [[Taproot]] (some types may incorporate substantial [[hypocotyl]] tissue) *** ''[[Apium graveolens]]'' ([[celeriac]]) *** ''[[Arctium]]'' spp. (burdock or gobo) *** ''[[Arracacia xanthorrhiza]]'' (arracacha) *** ''[[Beta vulgaris]]'' ([[beet]] and [[mangelwurzel]]) *** ''[[Brassica]]'' spp. ([[rutabaga]] and [[turnip (brassica rapa)|turnip]]) *** ''[[Bunium persicum]]'' (black cumin) *** ''[[Daucus carota]]'' (carrot) *** ''[[Lepidium meyenii]]'' (maca) *** ''[[Pachyrhizus]]'' spp. (jicama and ahipa) *** ''[[Pastinaca sativa]]'' ([[parsnip]]) *** ''[[Petroselinum]]'' spp. ([[parsley]] root) *** ''[[Raphanus sativus]]'' ([[daikon]] and [[radish]]) *** ''[[Scorzonera hispanica]]'' (black salsify) *** ''[[Sium sisarum]]'' (skirret) *** ''[[Tragopogon]]'' spp. (salsify) ** [[Tuberous root]] *** ''[[Conopodium majus]]'' (pignut or earthnut) *** ''[[Ipomoea batatas]]'' (sweet potato) *** ''[[Manihot esculenta]]'' (cassava or yucca or manioc) *** ''[[Mirabilis extensa]]'' (mauka or chago) *** ''[[Psoralea esculenta]]'' (breadroot, tipsin, or prairie turnip) *** ''[[Smallanthus sonchifolius]]'' (yacón) * Modified [[plant stem|stem]] ** [[Corm]] *** ''[[Amorphophallus konjac]]'' (konjac) *** ''[[Colocasia esculenta]]'' (taro) *** ''[[Eleocharis dulcis]]'' (Chinese water chestnut) *** ''[[Ensete]]'' spp. (enset) *** ''[[Sagittaria]]'' spp. (arrowhead or wapatoo) *** ''[[Xanthosoma]]'' spp. (malanga, cocoyam, tannia, and other names) ** [[Rhizome]] *** ''[[Zingiber officinale]]'' (ginger, galangal) *** ''[[Curcuma longa]]'' (turmeric) *** ''[[Panax ginseng]]'' (ginseng) *** ''[[Arthropodium]]'' spp. (rengarenga, vanilla lily, and others) *** ''[[Canna (plant)|Canna]]'' spp. (canna) *** ''[[Cordyline fruticosa]]'' (ti) *** ''[[Maranta arundinacea]]'' (arrowroot) *** ''[[Nelumbo nucifera]]'' (lotus root) *** ''[[Typha]]'' spp. (cattail or bulrush) ** [[Tuber]] *** ''[[Apios americana]]'' (hog potato or groundnut) *** ''[[Cyperus esculentus]]'' (tigernut or chufa) *** ''[[Dioscorea]]'' spp. ([[yam (vegetable)|yam]]s, [[ube]]) *** ''[[Hemerocallis]]'' spp. (daylily) *** ''[[Helianthus tuberosus]]'' (Jerusalem artichoke or sunchoke) *** ''[[Lathyrus tuberosus]]'' (earthnut pea) *** ''[[Oxalis tuberosa]]'' (oca or New Zealand yam) *** ''[[Solanum tuberosum]]'' (potato) *** ''[[Plectranthus edulis]]'' and ''[[Plectranthus esculentus|P. esculentus]]''. (kembili, dazo, and others) *** ''[[Stachys affinis]]'' (Chinese artichoke or crosne) *** ''[[Tropaeolum tuberosum]]'' (mashua or añu) *** ''[[Ullucus tuberosus]]'' (ulluco) * Other ** [[Bulb]] *** ''[[Allium]]'' spp. ([[garlic]], [[onion]], [[shallot]], et cetera) *** ''[[Camassia quamash]]'' (quamash) *** ''[[Erythronium]]'' spp. (katakuri) *** ''[[Lilium]]'' spp. (lilies) == External links == {{Commonscat|Root vegetables}} * [http://www.uga.edu/rootandtubercrops/English/ Root and tuber crops at the University of Georgia] * [http://waynesword.palomar.edu/vege1.htm Wayne's Word] [[Category:Root vegetables| ]] [[cs:Kořenová zelenina]] [[de:Wurzelgemüse]] [[fr:Légume-racine]] [[nl:Wortelgewas]] [[ja:根菜]] [[nn:Rotfrukt]] [[ru:Корнеплоды]] [[fi:Juures]] [[sv:Rotfrukter]] ==Notes== {{Reflist}}