Rosetta
369123
224346540
2008-07-08T13:18:15Z
84.66.10.99
{{otheruses}}
{{Infobox Settlement
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|official_name = Rosetta
|other_name =Rashid
|native_name = رشيد<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
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|settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
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|image_skyline = Historical cannons in Rosetta.JPG
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|image_caption = Nineteenth-century [[cannon]]s in a mid-town square in Rosetta
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|map_caption = [[Egypt]]: Site of '''Rashid''' (top center)
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = [[Egypt]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Governorates of Egypt|governorate]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Al Buhayrah Governorate|al-Buhayrah]]
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|established_title = Founded
|established_date = [[Anno Domini|AD]] 800
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|population_as_of =1996
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|population_total =58432
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|latd=31 |latm=24 |lats= |latNS=N
|longd=30 |longm=25 |longs= |longEW=E
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'''Rosetta''' ({{lang-ar|رشيد}} '''Rashid''') is a [[port]] city on the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] coast in [[Egypt]]. It is located 65 [[km]] (40 miles) east of [[Alexandria]], at {{coor dm|31|24|N|30|25|E|}}, in [[Al Buhayrah Governorate|al-Buhayrah]] [[Governorates of Egypt|governorate]]. It was founded around [[800|AD 800]].
With the decline of Alexandria following the [[Ottoman empire|Ottoman]] conquest of Egypt in the 16th century, Rashid boomed, only to wane in importance after Alexandria's revival. During the 19th century it was a popular [[United Kingdom|British]] tourist destination, known for its charming Ottoman [[mansion]]s, [[citrus]] groves and cleanliness.
The town of Rashid came to be known in the West as ''Rosetta'', the name by which it was referred to by the French during [[Napoleon Bonaparte]]'s campaign in [[Egypt]]. It is famous as the site where the [[Rosetta Stone]] was found by French soldiers in 1799.
==History==
It is the modern representative of the ancient [[Bolbitine]], which lay a little farther north. In the [[Middle Ages]] Rosetta was a place of considerable commercial importance, and it continued to flourish until the construction of the [[Mahmudiyeh Canal]] and the improvement of the harbour at [[Alexandria]] diverted most of its trade to the latter city.
It also wittnessed the defeat of the 1807 British [[Fraser campaign]] trying to occupy Egypt after the French army left Egypt.
==Population==
The population of Rashid has increased since the 1980s, as follows: in 1983 = 36,711 (approximate), in 1986 = 51,789, and in 1996 = 58,432.
==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Pea-green_boats.jpg|Pea-green [[boat]]s in Rosetta
</gallery>
==References==
* "Rosetta," ''[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]]'', Chicago, 1983.
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
* Thomas Brinkhoff: City Population, ''http://www.citypopulation.de'' [http://www.citypopulation.de/Egypt.html ''Egypt statistics'']
* {{NIE}}
* Detailed map of Egypt (with many ancient temples): [http://unimaps.com/egypt/index.html UniMaps-Egypt].
{{Ancient Egypt topics}}
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Egypt]]
[[Category:Coastal cities]]
[[Category:Tourism in Egypt]]
[[Category:Settlements established in the 1st millennium]]
[[ar:رشيد (مدينة)]]
[[de:Rosette (Ägypten)]]
[[es:Rosetta (Egipto)]]
[[eo:Raŝido]]
[[fr:Rachid (Égypte)]]
[[id:Rashid, Mesir]]
[[it:Rosetta (città)]]
[[nl:Rosetta (Egypte)]]
[[ja:ロゼッタ (都市)]]
[[pl:Rosetta (miasto)]]
[[pt:Roseta (cidade)]]
[[sh:Rashid]]
[[tr:Reşid]]