Rubella virus 938883 210318117 2008-05-05T13:20:00Z Thehelpfulone 5870894 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/96.228.6.226|96.228.6.226]] ([[User talk:96.228.6.226|talk]]) to last version by DOI bot {{Taxobox | color=violet | name = ''Rubella virus'' | image = Rubella virus TEM B82-0203 lores.jpg | virus_group = iv | familia = ''[[Togaviridae]]'' | genus = ''[[Rubivirus]]'' | species = '''''Rubella virus''''' }} :''This page is for the virus. For the disease, see [[Rubella]].'' Rubella virus is an [[RNA virus]] and the only member of the genus Rubivirus within the [[Togavirus]] family. ==Structure== The virus particle, or [[virion]], is [[viral envelope|enveloped]] and approximately 60nm in diameter. The surounding envelope is derived from the host cell membrane and viral [[glycoprotein]]s that form projections approximately 6nm long. <ref name="pmid1212096">{{cite journal |author=Bardeletti G, Kessler N, Aymard-Henry M |title=Morphology, biochemical analysis and neuraminidase activity of rubella virus |journal=Arch. Virol. |volume=49 |issue=2-3 |pages=175–86 |year=1975 |pmid=1212096 |doi=10.1007/BF01317536 }}</ref> The virion consists of a single [[polyadenylated]] molecule of [[RNA]] enclosed in a [[nucleocapsid]]. <ref name="pmid9420269">{{cite journal |author=Pugachev KV, Frey TK |title=Effects of defined mutations in the 5' nontranslated region of rubella virus genomic RNA on virus viability and macromolecule synthesis |journal=J. Virol. |volume=72 |issue=1 |pages=641–50 |year=1998 |pmid=9420269 |url=http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9420269 }}</ref> ==Replication== Rubella virus replicates in the cytoplasm of host cells. The viral genomic RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of negative sense RNAs which are used to produce cytoplasmic messenger RNA ([[mRNA]]). The mRNAs direct the production of viral proteins and are also packaged as genomic RNA in virions. <ref name="pmid15907967">{{cite journal |author=Tzeng WP, Frey TK |title=Rubella virus capsid protein modulation of viral genomic and subgenomic RNA synthesis |journal=Virology |volume=337 |issue=2 |pages=327–34 |year=2005 |pmid=15907967 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2005.04.019 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0042-6822(05)00237-0 }}</ref> ==Genome== The viral RNA has two open reading frames (ORFs) and untranslated regions (UTRs) at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome.<ref name="pmid9229006">{{cite journal |author=Pugachev KV, Abernathy ES, Frey TK |title=Genomic sequence of the RA27/3 vaccine strain of rubella virus |journal=Arch. Virol. |volume=142 |issue=6 |pages=1165–80 |year=1997 |pmid=9229006 |url=http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00705/bibs/7142006/71421165.htm |doi=10.1007/s007050050150 }}</ref> ==Structural proteins== The virus contains three glycosylated, membrane- associated proteins, El, E2a and E2b, and one unglycosylated nucleocapsid protein, C .<ref name="pmid6854740">{{cite journal |author=Oker-Blom C, Kalkkinen N, Kääriäinen L, Pettersson RF |title=Rubella virus contains one capsid protein and three envelope glycoproteins, E1, E2a, and E2b |journal=J. Virol. |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=964–73 |year=1983 |pmid=6854740 |url=http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=6854740 }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Viruses]] [[ja:風疹ウイルス]] [[de:Rötelnvirus]]