Rubella virus
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2008-05-05T13:20:00Z
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Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/96.228.6.226|96.228.6.226]] ([[User talk:96.228.6.226|talk]]) to last version by DOI bot
{{Taxobox | color=violet
| name = ''Rubella virus''
| image = Rubella virus TEM B82-0203 lores.jpg
| virus_group = iv
| familia = ''[[Togaviridae]]''
| genus = ''[[Rubivirus]]''
| species = '''''Rubella virus'''''
}}
:''This page is for the virus. For the disease, see [[Rubella]].''
Rubella virus is an [[RNA virus]] and the only member of the genus Rubivirus within the [[Togavirus]] family.
==Structure==
The virus particle, or [[virion]], is [[viral envelope|enveloped]] and approximately 60nm in diameter. The surounding envelope is derived from the host cell membrane and viral [[glycoprotein]]s that form projections approximately 6nm long. <ref name="pmid1212096">{{cite journal
|author=Bardeletti G, Kessler N, Aymard-Henry M
|title=Morphology, biochemical analysis and neuraminidase activity of rubella virus
|journal=Arch. Virol.
|volume=49
|issue=2-3
|pages=175–86
|year=1975
|pmid=1212096
|doi=10.1007/BF01317536
}}</ref>
The virion consists of a single [[polyadenylated]] molecule of [[RNA]] enclosed in a [[nucleocapsid]]. <ref name="pmid9420269">{{cite journal
|author=Pugachev KV, Frey TK
|title=Effects of defined mutations in the 5' nontranslated region of rubella virus genomic RNA on virus viability and macromolecule synthesis
|journal=J. Virol.
|volume=72
|issue=1
|pages=641–50
|year=1998
|pmid=9420269
|url=http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9420269
}}</ref>
==Replication==
Rubella virus replicates in the cytoplasm of host cells. The viral genomic RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of negative sense RNAs which are used to produce cytoplasmic messenger RNA ([[mRNA]]). The mRNAs direct the production of viral proteins and are also packaged as genomic RNA in virions. <ref name="pmid15907967">{{cite journal
|author=Tzeng WP, Frey TK
|title=Rubella virus capsid protein modulation of viral genomic and subgenomic RNA synthesis
|journal=Virology
|volume=337
|issue=2
|pages=327–34
|year=2005
|pmid=15907967
|doi=10.1016/j.virol.2005.04.019
|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0042-6822(05)00237-0
}}</ref>
==Genome==
The viral RNA has two open reading frames (ORFs) and untranslated regions (UTRs) at the 5' and 3' ends of the genome.<ref name="pmid9229006">{{cite journal
|author=Pugachev KV, Abernathy ES, Frey TK
|title=Genomic sequence of the RA27/3 vaccine strain of rubella virus
|journal=Arch. Virol.
|volume=142
|issue=6
|pages=1165–80
|year=1997
|pmid=9229006
|url=http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00705/bibs/7142006/71421165.htm
|doi=10.1007/s007050050150
}}</ref>
==Structural proteins==
The virus contains three glycosylated, membrane-
associated proteins, El,
E2a and E2b, and one unglycosylated nucleocapsid protein, C .<ref name="pmid6854740">{{cite journal
|author=Oker-Blom C, Kalkkinen N, Kääriäinen L, Pettersson RF
|title=Rubella virus contains one capsid protein and three envelope glycoproteins, E1, E2a, and E2b
|journal=J. Virol.
|volume=46
|issue=3
|pages=964–73
|year=1983
|pmid=6854740
|url=http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=6854740
}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Viruses]]
[[ja:風疹ウイルス]]
[[de:Rötelnvirus]]