Sør-Trøndelag
171246
214487401
2008-05-23T19:59:08Z
Korovioff
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hu:Sør-Trøndelag megye
{{Infobox_Fylke
| name = Sør-Trøndelag
| fullname = Sør-Trøndelag fylke
| isocode = 16
| capital = [[Trondheim]]
| governor = [[Tore O. Sandvik]]
| province = [[Trøndelag]]
| arearank = 7
| area = 18,848
| arealand = 17,830
| areapercent = 5.86
| population_as_of = 2007
| populationrank = 5
| population = 282,993
| populationpercent = 5.90
| populationdensity = 15
| populationincrease = 5.8
| gdp_as_of = 2001
| gdprank = 5
| gdp = 64,614
| gdppercent = 4.23
| gdpcapita = 243,281
| incomecapita = 139,200
| coatofarms = [[Image:Sor-Trondelag_vapen.png|70px]]
| map = [[Image:Sør-Trøndelag_kart.png|200px]] |
}}
{{Audio|Sor-Trondelag.ogg|'''Sør-Trøndelag'''}} is a [[Counties of Norway|county]] in the area [[Trøndelag]] in [[Norway]], bordering [[Nord-Trøndelag]], [[Møre og Romsdal]], [[Oppland]] and [[Hedmark]]. To the west is the [[Norwegian Sea]] ([[Atlantic ocean]]), and to the east is [[Sweden]]. The county is separated into a northern and southern part by [[Trondheimsfjorden]]. More than half of the population in the county lives in [[Trondheim]]. The [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] [[dialect]] of the region is [[Trøndersk]].
[[Image:Brekstad.JPG|thumb|left|[[Ørland]] at the mouth of Trondheimsfjord; dominated by agriculture and [[Ørland Main Air Station]].]]
==The name==
The name ''Sør-Trøndelag'' was created in 1919. It means '(the) southern (part of) [[Trøndelag]]'.
Until 1919 the name of the county was ''Søndre Trondhjems amt''. The meaning of this name was '(the) southern (part of) Trondhjems [[amt (subnational entity)|amt]]'. (The old ''Trondhjems amt'', created in 1662, was divided in 1804. ''Trondhjem'' is the old form of [[Trondheim]].)
See also [[Nord-Trøndelag]]
==Coat-of-arms==
The coat-of-arms is from modern times (1983) - but it has old roots: This was the seal of [[Gaute Ivarsson]], archbishop of Trondheim 1475-1510.
==Geography==
[[Image:Raudøra.jpg|thumb|left|[[Gjevilvatnet]] (lake) in [[Trollheimen]], [[Oppdal]].]]
The broad and long [[Trondheimsfjord]] is at the center of this county, although the coastal areas stretch somewhat further north. The mountain ranges [[Dovrefjell]] and [[Trollheimen]] are located in the south, while the [[Fosen]] peninsula is located north of the fjord. Several of the best [[salmon]] rivers in Europe are located in the county, the largest and most famous being [[Gaula (Norway)|Gaula]] and [[Orkla River|Orkla]]. [[Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park]], [[Forollhogna National Park]], [[Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park]] and [[Femundsmarka National Park]] are located, or partly located, in the county.
== History ==
People have lived in this region for thousands of years (see [[Rock carvings in Central Norway]], [[Nøstvet and Lihult cultures]] and [[Corded Ware culture]]). The fertile lowland bordering the Trondheimsfjord was probably the most important power centre in the [[Viking Age]]. Trondheim was the seat of the archbishop for several centuries, and an important pilgrimage destination following the death of St Olav in 1030.
[[Image:Nidarosdomen-Olavsfestdagene.jpg|thumb|right|[[Nidaros Cathedral]], Trondheim]]
[[Røros]], in the southeastern part of the county, is a well-preserved mining town on a mountain plateau, and is a Unesco [[World Heritage Site]].
== Economy ==
Mining in Røros and Løkken in [[Meldal]] lasted for about 300 years, and [[Thamshavnbanen]], the old electric railway from [[Orkdal]] to Løkken, is still usable. The constant fires used to crack the rock in the mines demanded vast amounts of firewood; the montane forests on the mountain plateau near Røros still have not fully recovered. Along the coast, fishing has always been important. Farming was and still is important in the whole county, with the most economical important agriculture taking place in the fertile lowland valleys, such as in [[Melhus]], Orkdal, [[Skaun]], [[Midtre Gauldal]], [[Malvik]] and [[Trondheim]], but also near the outer seaboard, such as in [[Ørland]] and [[Rissa, Norway|Rissa]]. The city of Trondheim has always been at the centre of this area, with administrative functions, as well as industry based on agricultural produce, and more recently education, high-tech business and healthcare.
== Climate ==
[[Image:Rorosmartna 20070220.JPG|thumb|left|''Rørosmartna'' - Røros winter market; February 2007]]
[[Image:Sula, Frøya.JPG|thumb|right|Sula island in Frøya municipality]]
The weather is very much decided by the direction of the wind; southerlies and easterlies bring sunny weather, while westerlies bring precipitation with mild weather in winter and cool rainy weather in summer. Northwesterlies bring the worst weather with snow in winter (often sleet or rain on the coast). Average yearly precipitation varies from 2,000 mm in some areas of [[Fosen]], to 850 mm in Trondheim and only 500 mm in Oppdal.
The interior areas at somewhat higher elevations have cold winters with reliable [[snow]] cover, while the coastal areas have a [[maritime climate]] with mild and more windy winters. Sula in [[Frøya, Sør-Trøndelag|Frøya]] municipality has an average of 1.5°C (34°F) in the coldest month <ref>[http://met.no/observasjoner/sor-trondelag/normaler_for_kommune_1620.html?kommuner Temperaturnormaler/Nedbørnormaler for Frøya i perioden 1961 - 1990]</ref>. Røros, at an altitude of 628 m (2,000 ft), has a January average of -11.2°C (12°F; <ref>[http://met.no/observasjoner/sor-trondelag/normaler_for_kommune_1640.html?kommuner Temperaturnormaler/Nedbørnormaler for Røros i perioden 1961 - 1990]</ref>. Summer temperatures does not differ that much; sheltered lowlands a bit inland will have the warmest summers. ''Base period 1961-1990.''
== Municipalities ==
[[Image:Sor-Trondelag Municipalities.png|right|550px|Location of Sor-Trøndelag Municipalities]]
Sør-Trøndelag has a total of 25 municipalities:
<table><td><ol>
<li>[[Åfjord]]
<li>[[Agdenes]]
<li>[[Bjugn]]
<li>[[Frøya, Sør-Trøndelag|Frøya]]
<li>[[Hemne]]
<li>[[Hitra]]
<li>[[Holtålen]]
<li>[[Klæbu]]
<li>[[Malvik]]
<li>[[Meldal]]
<li>[[Melhus]]
<li>[[Midtre Gauldal]]
<li>[[Oppdal]]
</td></ol><td><ol start = 14>
<li>[[Orkdal]]
<li>[[Ørland]]
<li>[[Osen]]
<li>[[Rennebu]]
<li>[[Rissa, Norway|Rissa]]
<li>[[Roan, Norway|Roan]]
<li>[[Røros]]
<li>[[Selbu]]
<li>[[Skaun]]
<li>[[Snillfjord]]
<li>[[Trondheim]]
<li>[[Tydal]]
</td></ol></table>
== External links ==
* [http://exviking.net/lowland/small/Buckthorn.htm Picture: Rare vegetation at the mouth of river Gaula]
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Counties of Norway}}
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[[Category:Counties of Norway]]
[[Category:Sør-Trøndelag|*]]
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