Sailor Mars
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{{Infobox animanga character
| color = #F02020
| name = Sailor Mars
| series = Sailor Moon
| image = [[Image:Sailor Mars 01.jpg|220px]]
| caption = Rei in her Super Sailor Mars form as seen in the anime.
| first = [[#Aspects and forms|(See below)]]
| last =
| creator = [[Naoko Takeuchi]]
| voiced by =
| oaux1 name = Played by
| oaux1 = [[#Actresses|(See below)]]
| alias = Rei Hino <br /> Princess Mars <br /> Mars Reiko (PGSM)
| age = 14-16<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko |authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 1 |chapter= Act 4 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1992, September 5, 1996 |id= ISBN 4-06-178721-7}}, page 120; has the listings for the first ages of Ami, Rei and Usagi.</ref>
| born = April 17<ref name="vol 10">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko |authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 10 |chapter= Back of volume |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[June 6]], [[1995]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178806-X}}</ref>
| relatives =
| paux1 name = Affiliations
| paux1 = [[Sailor Team]] <br /> [[Shadow Galactica]] (manga)
| paux2 name = Abilities
| paux2 = Can produce and manipulate fire, and has some psychic ability.
| divider = English adaptation
| aux1 name = Name
| aux1 = Raye Hino
}}
{{nihongo|'''Sailor Mars'''|セーラーマーズ|Sērā Māzu}} is one of the central [[fictional character|characters]] in the ''[[Sailor Moon]]'' [[metaseries]]. Her real name is {{nihongo|'''Rei Hino'''|火野 レイ|Hino Rei|or '''Raye Hino''' in the [[Sailor Moon (English versions)|English versions]]}}, a [[Shinto]] priestess and schoolgirl who can transform into one of the series' specialized heroines, the [[Sailor Senshi]].
Sailor Mars is the second member of the [[Sailor Team]] to be discovered by [[Sailor Moon]], after [[Sailor Mercury]], and is the secondary leader of the Guardian (or "Inner") Senshi after [[Sailor Venus]].<ref name="materials">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailormoon Volume V Original Picture Collection |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= September 1999 |id= ISBN 4-06-324521-7}}</ref> She manipulates fire and flame, and has various [[psychic]] abilities related to her role as a [[miko]] in the [[Shinto]] shrine where she lives.
Aside from the main body of the ''Sailor Moon'' series, Rei features in two different manga short stories. The first, ''Casablanca Memories'', is entirely about her and her past; the second, ''Rei and Minako's Girls School Battle'', is shared with [[Sailor Venus|Minako Aino]]. A number of [[image song]]s featuring her character have been released as well, including the contents of three different [[CD single]]s.
==Profile==
Rei's history is largely the same across the different versions of the story. She works as a ''[[miko]]'' or shrine maiden at the {{nihongo|Hikawa Shrine|火川神社|Hikawa Jinja|or Cherry Hill Temple in the English dub}}, and is shown to have an affinity with two crows who live there. It is revealed in the manga that as a child, they "told" her that their names are [[List of minor Sailor Moon characters#Phobos and Deimos|Phobos and Deimos]]. In the manga she is portrayed as calm, serious, and practical, distrusting most men and discouraging her friends from developing romantic relationships. In the other adaptations, though, her personality is quite different.
In the anime, Rei is fiery, boy-crazy, "down-to-earth" and ambitious, longing to one day become a [[singer]], [[Model (person)|model]], and [[seiyū|voice actress]] envisioning herself as ultimately getting married.<ref>{{cite book |last=Drazen |first=Patrick |title=Anime Explosion! The What? Why? & Wow! of Japanese Animation |year=2002 | month=October |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |location=[[Berkeley, California]] |isbn=1-880656-72-8 |oclc=50898281 |pages=p.166}}</ref> She is also greatly interested in [[pop culture]] and shows musical talent of her own, including playing the [[piano]], singing, and composing all the songs for a school festival.<ref>Episode 54.</ref> Rei frequently engages in petty arguments with [[Usagi Tsukino|Usagi]], who she sees as immature, and although she becomes calmer as the series progresses, remains somewhat more of a typical [[teenager]] than her manga counterpart. Anime Rei also tends to engage in long periods of sticking her tongue out at Usagi (who returns the favor), as a kind of running gag in their arguments.
Rei goes to a different school from the other girls, namely T*A Private Girls School, a [[Catholic school|Catholic]] institution run by [[nun]]s. She herself is a practitioner of [[Shinto]], living and working at Hikawa Shrine with [[List of minor Sailor Moon characters#Rei's grandfather|her maternal grandfather]], its head priest. Her mother died when Rei was very young; her father is a high-class and famous [[politician]] who cares more about his job than about her (though in the live-action version he still tries to be involved in her life), and who only visits Rei on her birthday. She carries a certain amount of bitterness toward him, especially in the live-action series, in which the character of her grandfather does not appear.
[[Image:Rei Manga.jpg|left|thumbnail|170px|Rei in her unique school uniform, drawn by [[Naoko Takeuchi]] for the short story ''Casablanca Memories''. The deliberate elegance of her character design is frequently emphasized in such images.]]
Other characters frequently comment on Rei's beauty and elegance—in her first appearance, these traits even lead [[Cats (Sailor Moon)#Luna|Luna]] to suspect that she could be the Princess they have been searching for.<ref name="act3">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 1 |chapter= Act 3 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1992, September 5, 1996 |id= ISBN 4-06-178721-7}}</ref> However, her strange [[psychic]] talents have caused some to be afraid of her, and her distant nature makes her unreceptive to close friendship. Rei does treasure the friends she has, which consist entirely of the other Senshi, and although she sometimes adopts an aloof, [[Oneesama|big-sisterly]] attitude around them, this façade is frequently broken by her own enthusiasm, her genuine affection for all of them, and her sharp tongue.
Because of the lack of respectable males in her life, the manga and live-action Rei harbors a generally low opinion of all men. She considers them emotionally weak and untrustworthy and seems genuinely uninterested in romance. The one exception is in a manga side-story centering around her, ''Casablanca Memories'', which tells of Rei's friendship with her father's young secretary, Kaidou. He had been kind to her for her entire life and, in the story, she fancies herself in love with him. She is shocked when he suddenly announces his engagement to another girl and his decision to become a politician, despite having once said that he didn't like what had happened to Rei's family as a result of her father's work. Proof of her feelings are further cemented when she moves to kiss Kaidou, asking why, if he wanted to marry into the profession, didn't he choose to marry her due to her father's political influence. In the manga, this is the only potential romance in her life; in the live-action series, nothing of the sort is ever shown, as Rei is pointedly disinterested in boys.<ref>''[[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon]]'', Act 6. When questioned by Usagi about whether she likes boys, Rei answers, "No. Didn't I say I was that type?"</ref> In the anime, however, she dates [[Tuxedo Mask|Mamoru Chiba]] for a short while before he and Usagi begin dating, and occasionally seems open to a relationship with [[List of minor Sailor Moon characters#Yūichirō Kumada|Yūichirō]], her grandfather's pupil.
Late in the manga, members of the [[Dead Moon Circus]] harass Rei with a reflection of her young self, which mocks her for her friendships and her dream of being a priestess. The reflection tells her that the only way for her to be happy is to try her luck with numerous men until she ends up married to someone rich. Rei is able to defeat this illusion, and in the process gains her [[Sailor Crystal]] along with the memory that, long ago, she had in fact made a vow of [[chastity]] to Princess Serenity.<ref name ="Act36">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 12 |chapter= Act 36 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[September 6]], [[1995]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178814-0 }}</ref> After this realization, she is never again shown having any doubts about her lack of interest in romance. This is never mentioned in the other series, although in the equivalent anime episode she expresses an intention to remain single forever.<ref name="Episode152">{{cite web | last = Doi | first = Hitoshi | authorlink = Hitoshi Doi | title = Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon SuperS episode 152 | url = http://www.usagi.org/doi/smoon/episodes/smss152.html }}</ref>
Rei's lifelong dream is to become the head priestess at Hikawa Shrine, and much of her life is influenced by spirituality, particularly in the manga. Meditation is given as her strong point, and she enjoys fortune-telling as a hobby. The elegance of her character is further underscored by the contrast between her favorite subject, ancient writing, and her least favorite, modern society.<ref name="vol 10" /> She also belongs to the Archery club at school,<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 12 |chapter= Act 34 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[September 6]], [[1995]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178814-0 }}</ref> which later provides the context for her most powerful weapon, the Mars Arrow. As for more general tastes, it is mentioned in the manga that Rei enjoys [[fugu]], a type of blowfish which is both highly toxic and considered a delicacy in Japan. Other favorite things include [[panda]]s<ref>From the back of the [[Irwin Toy]] Boxes</ref> and the colors [[red]] and [[black]]; dislikes include canned [[asparagus]], men in general, and [[television]]. The English manga states that she does enjoy ''[[Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)|Buffy]]''.<ref>Tokyopop manga volume 13.</ref>
Just as Rei is more fiery in the anime than in the manga, she is changed again in the dubbed series. Although shots of her actually slapping Usagi are removed, remarks about her childishness and unreliability are more frequent and often harsher. In episode 43 of the original, Sailor Mars is briefly entrusted with the Moon Stick, which she explains to the others as proof that she and Sailor Moon don't hate each other. In the dubbed equivalent, she says that Sailor Moon left it at her house by accident and that she took it because she would make a better leader.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sailormoon.org/faq/smfaq7.shtml |title= Ken Arromdee's Sailor Moon FAQ |accessdate= 2007-04-06 }}</ref> Other episodes add dialogue in which "Raye" tells people off or is rude to them, where in the original she is only mildly frustrated.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.smuncensored.com/comparison.php?episodeid=99 |title= Sailor Moon Uncensored |accessdate= 2007-04-06 }}</ref>
Though Rei and Usagi's arguments are a constant in the anime series, it is shown several times that Rei is in fact Usagi's closest friend among the Senshi. Rei is the last Senshi to die in the battle against the DD Girls in the first arc's finale. Ending her life, Rei's final "Fire Soul" was to save Usagi. In Sailor Moon R: The Movie, Usagi loses her life by using the Silver Crystal. Rei is the most hysterical of all the Senshi. When Sailor Galaxia kills all the Guardian Senshi, it is Sailor Mars to whom Sailor Moon immediately rushes towards. Rei says "You are too sweet be strong...Goodbye Princess...sorry I couldn't protect you." This leaves Usagi crying in grief.
In the live-action series, Rei's personality is based more on the manga than on the anime. She has a difficult time trusting people, even her fellow Senshi, and has a tendency to rely too much on herself.<ref>''Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon'' Act 23.</ref> She claims to hate karaoke (which the other girls love, especially Usagi),<ref>[[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon]], Act 3.</ref> but is later coerced by [[Sailor Venus|Minako]] into posing as an idol—exactly what her anime counterpart wishes. Under the name "Mars Reiko," she appears on three occasions: performing for hospitalized children, working alongside Minako, and staging a contest with Minako in order to stop her from quitting the idol business.<ref>Episodes 23, 37, and 40 respectively.</ref> She has a complex relationship with Minako; though they often disagree and compete with each other, they also share great respect. Minako even sometimes lets her guard down around Rei, and eventually confides to her about what she feels is her destiny as a Senshi. Rei is told that she is to be the secondary leader of the Senshi (as in the manga), and alternately admires and resents Minako's teachings about what that means.<ref>Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, Act 17 et seq.</ref>
== Aspects and forms ==
<!--BEGIN FLOATING FIRST APPEARANCE TABLE-->
<div class="NavFrame" style="clear: both; float:right; width: 25em; margin-left:1em;">
<div class="NavHead" style="background-color:#F02020;">'''First appearance'''</div>
<div class="NavContent" align="center">
{| border=1
!Form !! Manga !! Anime !! Live-action
|-
|Rei Hino||''Act 3''||''Ep. 10''||''Act 2''
|-
|Sailor Mars||''Act 3''||''Ep. 10''||''Act 3''
|-
|Second (Super) form||''Act 36''||''Ep. 143''||align=center|''--''
|-
|Princess Mars||''Act 41''||align=center|''--''||align=center|''--''
|-
|Third Senshi form||''Act 42''||align=center|''--''||align=center|''--''
|}
</div></div>
<!--END FLOATING FIRST APPEARANCE TABLE-->
As a character with different incarnations, special powers, transformations and a long lifetime virtually spanned between the [[Silver Millennium]] era and the 30th century, Rei gains multiple [[wikt:aspect|aspects]] and aliases as the series progresses.
===Sailor Mars===
Rei's Senshi identity is Sailor Mars. She wears a [[sailor fuku|uniform]] colored in [[red]] and [[purple]], along with red [[high heels]], and in the manga and live-action series has a small red jewel at the waist. She is given specific titles throughout the various series, including Soldier of War<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko |authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 7 |chapter= Act 23 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[July 6]], [[1994]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178781-0}}</ref> and Soldier of Flame and Passion.<ref>Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, Act 3</ref> Her personality is no different from when she is a civilian, although certain powers are unavailable to her in that form.
In [[Japanese language|Japanese]], the name for the planet Mars is {{nihongo|''Kasei''|火星}}, the first kanji meaning '[[fire]]' and the second indicating a celestial object. Although the Roman planet-name is used, Sailor Mars' abilities are fire-based due to this aspect of Japanese mythology. Most are offensive attacks, although as a priestess, she also possesses a certain amount of psychic ability, and is able to do [[pyromancy|fire-readings]], sense danger, and subdue evil spirits. In the manga, she is listed as the secondary leader of the [[Guardian Senshi]], after [[Minako Aino|Sailor Venus]]. This fact is especially significant in the live-action series.
As she grows stronger, Sailor Mars gains additional powers, and at key points her uniform changes to reflect this. The first change takes place in Act 36 of the manga, when she obtains the Mars Crystal and her outfit becomes similar to that of Super Sailor Moon. She is not given a new title.<ref name ="Act36"/> A similar event is divided between episodes 143 and 152 of the anime, and she is given the name Super Sailor Mars.<ref name="Episode152"/> A third, manga-only form appears in Act 42, also unnamed but analogous to Eternal Sailor Moon (''sans'' wings).<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 15 |chapter= Act 42 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[July 5]], [[1996]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178835-3 }}</ref>
===Princess Mars===
[[Image:Mars symbol.svg|thumb|80px|left|Planetary symbol of Mars]]
During the [[Silver Millennium]], Sailor Mars was also the Princess of her home planet. She was among those given the duty of protecting [[Usagi Tsukino#Princess Serenity|Princess Serenity]] of the Moon Kingdom. As Princess Mars, she dwelt in Phobos-Deimos Castle and wore a [[:Image:SenshiPrincesses.jpg|red gown]]—she appears in this form in the original manga, as well as in supplementary art.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 15 |chapter= Act 41 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[July 5]], [[1996]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178835-3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailormoon Volume IV Original Picture Collection |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= September 1996 |id= ISBN 4-06-324519-5}}</ref> [[Naoko Takeuchi]] once drew her in the arms of [[Shitennou (Sailor Moon)#Jadeite|Jadeite]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailormoon Volume I Original Picture Collection |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= August 1994 |id= ISBN 4-06-324507-1}}, Naoko Takeuchi quote about it from the artbook: "This is the title page for the conclusion of the first series of Sailor Moon. It had a great deal of impact on the first series. Probably because the four couplings on the right side were very unexpected. I was thinking of love stories of the previous lives of these couples. I'd like to be able to draw that someday..."</ref> In the manga, he expresses at least a physical attraction to her,<ref name="act3"/> and in the [[Sailor Moon musicals|stage musicals]], it is stated that the two of them were in love at the time of the Moon Kingdom.<ref>Described by [[Cats (Sailor Moon)|Luna and Artemis]] in ''Gaiden Dark Kingdom Fukkatsu Hen'', the first musical.</ref>
It is revealed later in the manga that Phobos and Deimos are actually maidens from Planet Coronis sent to protect Princess Mars. They take the form of crows during the present time and were near Rei when she first came to the shrine as a child, supposedly "telling" her their names. Phobos and Deimos reveal their true forms when delivering the Mars Crystal to her and refer to her using her princess title.
{{clear}}
== Special powers and items ==
[[Image:Mars-05.jpg|right|thumbnail|In her first Senshi form, Sailor Mars demonstrates her power over fire with ''Burning Mandala''.]]
Rei is one of few ''Sailor Moon'' characters who is able to use special powers in her everyday civilian form. These are mainly the result of her role as a miko, which gives her heightened spirituality as well as certain resources. In addition to some psychic talent, including occasional unprompted premonitions,<ref>In anime Episode 90 and others, Rei has dreams about the impending [[Death Busters|Silence]].</ref> Rei is able to do [[pyromancy|fire readings]] and to dispel evil spirits. She does the later by performing ''[[Kuji-in|Kuji-Goshin-Ho]]'', a ritual which consists of chanting nine words of power (''rin, pyou, tou, sha, kai, jin, retsu, zai, zen'') while making relevant hand signs. She then shouts {{nihongo|"''Akuryō Taisan!''"|悪霊退散}}, meaning "Evil spirits, begone!" and throws an ''[[ofuda]]'' scroll (or several).<ref>In the English-dubbed anime, these incantations are initially replaced by the phrases, "I summon the power of Mars!" and "Mars Fireballs Charge!" — despite the fact that no fire is involved. Later, the literal translation "Evil spirit, begone!" is used instead.</ref> She commonly uses this attack while in her Sailor Mars form as well as when she is in her civilian form.<ref>{{cite book |last=Drazen |first=Patrick |title=Anime Explosion! The What? Why? & Wow! of Japanese Animation |year=2002 | month=October |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |location=[[Berkeley, California]] |isbn=1-880656-72-8 |oclc=50898281 |pages=pp.165-166}}</ref>
Rei must transform into a Sailor Senshi, however, before she can affect enemies in a substantial way. She makes this change by raising a special device (pen, bracelet, wand, or crystal) into the air and shouting a special phrase, originally "Mars Power, Make-up!"<ref>First used in each of Sailor Mars' first appearances, except the manga, where it is delayed to Act 10. In the English versions, Rei does not say 'Make up' when transforming.</ref> As she becomes more powerful and obtains new transformation devices, this phrase changes to evoke Mars Star, Planet, or Crystal Power.<ref>"Star Power" starting in manga Act 14, anime Episode 63, when she acquires the Star Power Stick. "Planet Power" starting in Act 24 of the manga only. "Crystal Power" starting in Act 36, when she acquires the Mars Crystal and her second uniform, and in Episode 152, when she acquires the Crystal Change Rod and becomes Super Sailor Mars.</ref> In the anime, Sailor Mars' transformation sequence evolves slightly over time, whether to update the background images or to accommodate changes to her uniform or new transformation items, but the animation remains essentially the same. They all involve rings of fire that circle her body as she spins, forming her outfit in a flash of light.
Sailor Mars has the power to manipulate [[flame]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Shinsouban Volume 1 |chapter= Act 3 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[September 22]], [[2003]] |id= ISBN 4-06-334776-1}}</ref> Her named powers are somewhat inconsistent across the various series—in the first arc of the manga, she is the only one of the Sailor Senshi to have a non-English attack phrase, instead saying "Akuryō Taisan," the same phrase she uses as a civilian while using an ofuda , for her fire attacks. In the anime, she shoots a fireball from her index fingers and shouts the words ''Fire Soul'',<ref>First used in episode 10. This attack is given a multitude of names in the English-dubbed anime, including ''Mars Fire Ignite'', ''Mars Fireballs Flash'', ''Mega Mars Fire'', ''Mega Mars Fire Flash'', ''Mars Fire Blast'', and simply ''Flash''.</ref> and in the live-action series she shouts ''Youma Taisan'' (Monster, Begone). This basic power is improved to ''Fire Soul Bird'' in the second arc of the anime only; the manga also has an animal-based attack, ''Mars Snake Fire'', but it does not appear until the third story arc. Her first attack to be the same across all versions is ''Burning Mandala'', which incorporates Buddhist symbolism in the fiery circles Mars summons.<ref>Fist used in Act 14 of the manga, episode 63 of the anime, and Act 48 of the live-action series. The English anime calls this attack ''Mars Celestial Fire Surround'', ''Fireballs Blast'', ''Celestial Fire Surround'', ''Mega Mars Fire Rings Flash'', ''Mars Fire Ignite'', and ''Mars Fire Surround''.</ref>
Sailor Mars' final and most powerful power comes in the fourth story arc, when she takes on her second Senshi form (Super Sailor Mars in the anime). At this stage she acquires a special weapon, the Mars Arrow,<ref name ="Act36">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 10 |chapter= Act 36 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[June 6]], [[1995]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178806-X}}</ref> and with it ''Mars Flame Sniper'',<ref>This attack is usually called ''Mars Flame Shooter'' in the English anime.</ref> which is her primary attack for the duration of the story. In the manga, the Mars Crystal and Mars Arrow are among her most significant magical possessions. The former is her [[Sailor Crystal]] and the source of all of her power, which becomes especially important in the [[Sailor Stars|fifth story arc]]. The latter is associated with her skill as an archer, and although she does not receive a physical [[bow (weapon)|bow]], she recalls some advice given to her by [[Sailor Neptune|Michiru Kaioh]]—"if you think you're being taken advantage of by the enemies, stretch a line taut in your soul. Then, with your whole body and spirit, shoot the arrow of your finishing blow!"<ref>Act 36, translated by [http://www.kurozuki.com/takeuchi/sailormoon/ Alex Glover].</ref> In the [[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon|live-action series]], she is given a tambourine-like weapon, called the Sailor Star Tambo, by [[Cats (Sailor Moon)#Artemis|Artemis]]. During the final battle, her Tambo transforms into a dagger, which she uses alongside [[Sailor Venus|Venus]]'s similar dagger. In the "Special Act", Venus wields both weapons.
==Development==
Rei is not named in the original proposal for a hypothetical ''[[Codename: Sailor V]]'' anime, but an identical character in miko clothing is present, named Miyabi Yoruno.<ref name="infinity">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailormoon Original Picture Collection Volume Infinity |date=June 1997}} Available at {{cite web|url=http://mangastyle.net/artbooks/infinity4.htm|title=MangaStyle.net}}</ref> Creator [[Naoko Takeuchi]] confirms that this character eventually became Rei, and writes that her role as a shrine maiden was inspired by Takeuchi's own experience working as a miko for [http://www.shibadaijingu.com/ Shiba Daijingu Shrine] while she was in college. She also states that she was frequently "hit on" by the shrine's patrons, a source of annoyance that carries over into the character's life.<ref name="vol3">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon shinsouban Volume 3 |chapter= Rei-chan & Mako-chan Punch! |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[October 23]], [[2003]] |id= ISBN 4-06-334783-4 }}</ref>
Hikawa Shrine, were Rei lives and works, is based on the real-life [[Hikawa Shrine]]s, one of which is in Azabu Jūban, where the story is set. The [[kanji]] for "ice" in the original name (氷川神社) is replaced with the kanji for "fire" — a reflection of Rei's element.
Sailor Mars's original costume design, like the others', was fully unique. It featured an alternate bow, double shoulder-guards, plate-armor, elaborate jewelry, and a gold-rimmed mask. Her trademark high-heeled shoes were already present, as well. Later, Takeuchi was surprised by these sketches and stated that she did not remember drawing them.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 2 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= September 6, 1992, April 6, 1996 |id= ISBN 4-06-178731-4}}</ref> In an intermediate design, the pendant that sat at her waist in the early manga was also intended to be worn as a necklace in her civilian form.<ref name="materials"/> [[Hitoshi Doi]] states that [[Kunihiko Ikuhara]] was responsible for much of Rei's changed personality in the anime.<ref>[http://www.usagi.org/~doi/smoon/staff/ikuhara-kunihiko.html Ikuhara Kunihiko<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Certain background details of Rei's character were chosen symbolically—for instance, her Western astrological sign is given as [[Aries (astrology)|Aries]],<ref name="vol 10"/> which in [[astrology]] corresponds to the planet Mars. In reference to a popular [[Japanese blood type theory of personality|Japanese belief]], her [[blood type]] is given as AB,<ref name="vol 10"/> supposedly indicating a calm but critical nature.
The [[kanji]] of Rei's surname translate as {{nihongo|"fire"|火|hi}} and {{nihongo|"field" or "civilian"|野|no}}. Her given name is in [[katakana]] {{nihongo||レイ|rei}} and therefore difficult to translate. Possible meanings include {{nihongo|"spirit"|霊}}, {{nihongo||儷|"companion"}}, {{nihongo|"cool"|冷}}, and {{nihongo|"zero"|零}}, with the first being most commonly assumed. Because katakana is the alphabet usually used for foreign loanwords, it may also be intended as a Western name, such as Ray. In the Chinese versions of the series (anime and manga), Rei's name is written with the character "麗", which carries the same phonetic as "Rei", but means "beauty." Regardless, the entire name is structured as a [[pun]], as the syllable "no" indicates a [[possessive]], so that her name can also be understood as "Rei of Fire." Her prototypical name, {{nihongo|Yoruno Miyabi|夜野みやび}}, means "Elegance of Night."<ref>Dictionary entries for [http://jisho.org/words?jap=Yoru&eng=&dict=edict yoru] and [http://jisho.org/words?jap=Miyabi&eng=&dict=edict miyabi].</ref>
In an early [[DiC]] promotional tape that advertised the English-dubbed series to television stations, Rei was called Dana.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.toonamiarsenal.com/download/sailormoon.php |title= Toonami Digital Arsenal |accessdate= 2006-11-02 |author= Tyler L. |coauthors= Zogg }}</ref>
It has been noted that her outfit as Sailor Mars echoes the colors of her ''miko'' robes, and she is the character that is most tied into tradition.<ref>{{cite book |last=Drazen |first=Patrick |title=Anime Explosion! The What? Why? & Wow! of Japanese Animation |year=2002 | month=October |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |location=[[Berkeley, California]] |isbn=1-880656-72-8 |oclc=50898281 |pages=p.165}}</ref>
==Reception and influence==
The official ''Sailor Moon'' character popularity polls listed Rei Hino and Sailor Mars as separate entities. In 1992, readers ranked them at thirteenth and fourteenth respectively, out of thirty eight choices.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 3 |chapter= |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[April 6]], [[1993]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178744-6}}</ref> One year later, now with fifty choices, Mars remained at fourteenth most popular while Rei dropped to fifteenth.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 7 |chapter= |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[July 6]], [[1994]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178781-0}}</ref> In 1994, with fifty one choices, Rei was the twentieth most popular character, whereas Sailor Mars was the twenty-second, with a gap between the two characters of over three thousand votes.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 10 |pages=pp.138-139 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[June 6]], [[1995]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178806-X}}</ref> In early 1996, with fifty one choices, Sailor Mars was the thirty first most popular character and Rei was the thirty second.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 15 |chapter= |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= [[July 5]], [[1996]] |id= ISBN 4-06-178835-3 }}</ref>
A five-book series was published, one book on each of the [[Guardian Senshi]] and [[Sailor Moon (character)|Sailor Moon]]. Rei's was released in 1996.<ref>[http://www.usagi.org/doi/smoon/book/team-rei.html Hino Rei Official Fan Book]</ref> This book was later translated into English by [[Tokyopop|Mixx]].<ref>[http://www.amazon.com/Meet-Sailor-Mars-Scout-Guide/dp/1892213281/ref=pd_sim_b_img_1 Amazon.com: Meet Sailor Mars: Fire: Books: Naoko Takeuchi,Mixxent,Kondo Kunishiro,Ben Ettinger,K. J. Keiji Karvonen]</ref> The episode where Sailor Mars gained her powers was novelised by Mixx.<ref>[http://www.amazon.com/Sailor-Moon-Mars-Attacks-novel/dp/1892213273/ref=pd_sim_b_title_2 Amazon.com: Sailor Moon the Novels: Mars Attacks (Sailor Moon Number 4): Books: Naoko Takeuchi]</ref> Other merchandise has been released based on her character, including t-shirts,<ref>[http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a727688926~db=all 'Creating My Own Cultural and Spiritual Bubble': Case of Cultural Consumption by Spiritual Seeker Anime Fans]</ref> [[fashion doll]]s, trading card stickers,<ref>[http://www.ecrater.com/product.php?pid=2447083 REI - SAILOR MOON ANIME PRISM TRADING CARD STICKER #12 RARE<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[gashapon]] and [[UFO doll]]s.
[[Rei Ayanami]] of ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'' is named after Rei Hino.<ref>{{cite web | title=''Evangelion'' character names | work=Translation of essay by [[Hideaki Anno]] about character name origins; includes a link to the original essay in Japanese | url=http://www.evacommentary.org/appendix/character-names.html | accessdate=August 19 | accessyear=2007}}</ref>
==Actresses==
In the [[anime]], Rei is voiced by veteran voice actress [[Michie Tomizawa]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tcp.com/doi/smoon/ |title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon |accessdate= 2006-10-31 |last= Doi |first= Hitoshi | authorlink = Hitoshi Doi }}</ref> After the show's conclusion, Tomizawa wrote in an [[artbook]] that working on ''Sailor Moon'' had been "exactly like magic" for her.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailormoon Original Picture Collection Volume Infinity |date=June 1997}}</ref>
In the English dub, Raye is voiced by [[Katie Griffin]] (episodes 7-65, 90-166) and [[Emilie-Claire Barlow|Emilie Barlow]] (episodes 66-82).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://eternalsailormoon.org/world/nasm/index.html |title= The Sailor Senshi Page: North American Dub |accessdate= 2006-10-31 |last= Chiang |first= Jackie }}</ref> Barlow has stated that during recording it was difficult to take care of her voice, as ''Sailor Moon'' "had a lot of yelling".<ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/1224829331.html?dids=1224829331:1224829331&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Mar+1%2C+2007&author=Asma+Khaliq&pub=Toronto+Star&edition=&startpage=P.8&desc=Up+close+with+a+familiar+voice%3B+From+Sailor+Mars+to+Timmy%27s+ads%2C+Emilie-Claire+Barlow+is+someone+you%27ve+definitely+heard Up close with a familiar voice; From Sailor Mars to Timmy's ads, Emilie-Claire Barlow is someone you've definitely heard]</ref> [[Sandy Howell]] provides English vocals for songs sung by Raye in the English dub.
In the musical version, Rei has been portrayed by eight actresses: [[Hiroko Nakayama]], [[Misako Kotani]], [[Asuka Umemiya]], [[Hiromi Sakai]], [[Eri Kanda]], [[Megumi Yoshida]], [http://wiki.theppn.org/Kawasaki_Aiko Aiko Kawasaki], and [[Risa Honma|Lisa Honma]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sera-myu.com/ |title= eternal.legend |accessdate= 2006-11-04 |author=|coauthors=}}</ref>
In [[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon]], Rei is played by [[Keiko Kitagawa]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.shingetsu-pgsm.net/ |title= Shingetsu |accessdate= 2006-10-31 |author= Nae |coauthors= wasurenagusa; Hui, Andrea }}</ref> She was so fond of the role that in a DVD extra about her feelings on the end of the show, she asked that anyone who ran into her on the street call her "Rei-chan." In addition, child actresses [[Haruhi Mizukuro]] and [[Akira Tanaka]] portray Rei in flashbacks and childhood photos.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.eternalsailormoon.org/pgsm/index.html |title= Eternal Sailor Moon |accessdate= 2006-11-15 }} and {{cite web |url= http://www.sailordream.com/PGSM/Guides/PGSMnames.php |title= Sailor Dream |accessdate= 2006-12-22}} Mizukuro appears in Act 10, Tanaka in acts 33 and 34.</ref>
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==References==
{{reflist|2}}
== See also ==
*[[Mars (planet)]]
*[[Mars (mythology)]]
*[[Ares]]
{{Sailor Moon}}
[[Category:Sailor Team]]
[[Category:Fictional characters with precognition]]
[[Category:Fictional fortune tellers]]
[[Category:Mars in fiction]]
[[Category:Fictional priests and priestesses]]
[[es:Rei Hino]]
[[fr:Raya Hino]]
[[hr:Rei Hino]]
[[it:Rei Hino]]
[[hu:Hino Rei]]
[[ja:火野レイ]]
[[pl:Rei Hino]]
[[pt:Rei Hino]]
[[fi:Rei Hino]]
[[sv:Sailor Mars]]
[[th:ฮิโนะ เร]]
[[zh:火野玲]]