Salad
61950
225362432
2008-07-13T08:16:13Z
124.168.200.161
/* Green salad */
{{otheruses|Salad (disambiguation)}}
[[Image:Salad_platter.jpg|thumb|250px|Salad platter]]
[[Image:SaladShy.jpg|thumb|250px|Decorated green salad]]
[[Image:Salata chushleta.JPG|thumb|250px|Salad Chilli and garlic]]
'''Salad''' is a mixture of cold foods, usually including vegetables and/or fruits, often with a dressing, occasionally nuts or [[croutons]], and sometimes with the addition of meat, fish, pasta, cheese, or whole grains. Salad is often served as an [[appetizer]] before a larger meal.
The word "salad" comes from the [[French language|French]] ''salade'' of the same meaning, which in turn is from the [[Latin]] ''salata'', "salty", from ''sal'', "salt", (See also [[sauce]], [[Salsa (sauce)|salsa]], [[sausage]]).
==Green salad==
The "green salad" or "[[garden salad]]" is most often composed of some vegetables, built up on a base of [[leaf vegetable]]s such as one or more [[lettuce]] varieties, [[spinach]], or [[Eruca sativa|rocket (arugula)]]. The salad leaves are cut or torn into bite-sized fragments and tossed together (called a ''tossed salad''), or may be placed in a predetermined arrangement.
Other common vegetables in a green salad include [[cucumber]]s, [[Bell pepper|peppers]], [[mushroom]]s, [[onion]]s, [[Scallion|spring onion]]s, [[red onion]]s, [[avocado]], [[carrot]]s, [[celery]], and [[radish]]es. Other ingredients such as [[tomato]]es, [[pasta]], [[olive]]s, hard [[boiled egg]], [[artichoke]] hearts, [[heart of palm]], [[bell pepper|roasted red peppers]], cooked [[potato]]es, [[rice]], [[sweetcorn]], [[green bean]]s, [[Common bean#Black beans|black beans]], [[crouton]]s, [[chees]]es, meat (e.g. [[bacon]], chicken), or fish (e.g. tuna, shrimp) are sometimes added to salads. In a restaurant, a small salad without meat is called a ''dinner salad''. The entree salads may contain chicken, either grilled or fried [[chicken fingers]] on top of the salad, or seafood in the form of grilled or fried shrimp, or a fish steak, such as [[tuna]], [[mahi-mahi]], or [[salmon]]. Steak such as [[sirloin]] can be grilled and sliced and placed upon the salad.
===Popular types of garden salads===
* [[Caesar salad]]
* [[Chef salad]]
* [[Chinese chicken salad]]
* [[Cobb salad]]
* [[Greek salad]]
* [[Michigan salad]]
===Dressings===
A green salad is often served with a dressing. Some examples include:
* [[Balsamic vinegar]]
* [[Caesar dressing]]
* Creamy [[mayonnaise]] or [[yoghurt]]-based dressings:
** [[Blue cheese dressing|Bleu cheese]] or blue cheddar dressing
** [[Louis dressing]]
** [[Ranch dressing]]
** [[Russian dressing]]
** [[Mustard (condiment)#Honey mustard|Honey Dijon]]
** [[Thousand Island dressing]]
* Oil and vinegar, lemon, or soy sauce based dressings:
** [[French dressing]]
** [[Italian dressing]]
** [[Vinaigrette]]
** [[Wafu dressing]]
* [[Tahini]]
* [[Hummus]]
The concept of salad dressing varies across cultures. There are many commonly used salad dressings in North America. Traditional dressings in southern Europe are [[vinaigrette]]s, while [[mayonnaise]] is predominant in eastern European countries and Russia. In Denmark dressings are often based on [[crème fraîche]]. In [[Chinese cuisine|China]], where Western salad is a recent adoption from Western cuisine, the term salad dressing (沙拉酱, ''shalajiang'') tends to refer to mayonnaise or mayonnaise-based dressings.
Many light edible oils are used as salad dressings, including [[olive oil]], [[corn oil]], [[soybean oil]], [[safflower oil]], etc.
===Garnishes===
There are various vegetables and other fare that are often added to garden salads. Some of them are:
[[Image:GreenSalad.jpg|thumb|A Green Salad]]
*[[anchovies]]
*[[bacon bits]] (real or imitation)
*[[beetroot]]
*[[bell peppers]]
*grated [[carrot]]s
*[[cress]]
*[[croutons]]
*[[cucumbers]]
*fresh [[parsley]]
*[[mushroom]]s
*[[onion]]s (often red onions)
*[[radish]]es
*[[sunflower]] seeds (shelled)
*[[surimi]] - artificial crab meat
*[[tomato]]es
Again, individual taste usually governs the choice of salad garnishes.
==Other types of salad==
[[Image:Noodlesalad1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Sesame noodle salad]]
[[Image:Watergate salad.jpg|right|thumbnail|200px|A [[Watergate salad]]]]
[[Image:Salade de fruit.jpg|right|thumbnail|200px|A [[fruit salad]]]]
[[Image:Som Tam Thai.jpg|right|thumbnail|180px|A [[Som Tam]], Green Papaya Salad]]
*Some salads are based on food items other than fresh vegetables:
* [[Antipasto]] salad
* [[Bean salad]]
* Blackford Salad
* [[Caesar salad]]
* [[Chef salad]]
* [[Chicken salad]]
* [[Chinese chicken salad]]
* [[Cobb salad]]
* [[Coleslaw]]
* [[Congealed salad]]
* [[Crab Louie|Crab Louie salad]]
* [[Egg salad]]
* [[Eggplant salad]]
* [[Fattoush]]
* [[Fruit salad]]
* [[Greek salad]]
* [[Ham salad]]
* [[Israeli Salad|Israeli salad]]
* [[Larb]], from [[Laos]]
* [[Milner salad]]
* [[Maritz salad]]
* [[Michigan salad]]
* [[Niçoise salad]]
* [[Panzanella]]
* [[Pasta salad]]
* [[Pea salad]]
* [[Polish salad]]
* [[Potato salad]]
* [[Russian salad]]
* Pretzel salad
**Ivanov Salad
* [[Salmagundi]]
* Sesame Noodle Salad
* [[Shopska salad]] from [[Bulgaria]]
* [[Somen salad]] from [[Japan]]
* [[Som tam]] (Thai ส้มตำ) or Green Papaya Salad from [[Thailand]]
* Gỏi ngó sen - a Vietnamese salad<!--need description-->
* Gỏi cá sanh cầm - from [[Hue]] province,[[Vietnam]]
* Gỏi cá trích - from [[Phu Quoc]] island, [[Kien Giang]] province, [[Vietnam]]<!--need description-->
* Nộm rau muống - from northern Vietnam; made with ''[[Ipomoea aquatica]]''<!--need description-->
* Nộm hoa chuối - from northern Vietnam<!--need description-->
* Thịt gà xé phay - from Vietnam<!--need description-->
* [[Tabouli]]
* [[Taco salad]]
* [[Tuna salad]]
* [[Tuna salad niçoise]]
* [[Waldorf salad]]
* [[Watergate salad]]
==History==
The [[diary|diarist]] [[John Evelyn]] wrote a book on salads, ''Acetaria: A Discourse on Sallets'' (1699), that describes the new salad greens like "sellery" (celery), coming out of [[Italy]] and the [[Netherlands]].
Recently, salads have been sold commercially in supermarkets for those who do not have time to prepare a home-made salad, at restaurants (restaurants will often have a "Salad Bar" laid out with salad-making ingredients which the customer will use to put together their salad) and at fast-food chains specialising in health food. Fast-food chains such as McDonalds and KFC that typically sell "junk food" such as hamburgers, fries and fried chicken have begun selling packaged salads in order to appeal to the health-conscious.
===Largest salad===
On [[September 29]], [[2007]], [[Pulpí]], in [[Almería (province)]], [[Spain]] tossed the world's largest salad, with 6,700 kilograms (14,740 pounds) of lettuce, tomato, onion, pepper and olives, supervised by 20 cooks over 3 hours. A [[Guinness World Records]] [[judge]] was present to confirm the new record. The salad was prepared in a container 18m (59ft) long and 4.8m (15.7ft) wide.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7020354.stm BBC NEWS, Spanish town in largest salad bid]</ref>
{{Cookbook|Salad Recipes}}
{{commonscat|Salads}}
{{wiktionarypar|salad}}
[[Category:Salads]]
[[Category:Garde manger]]
==References==
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