Salem River
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{{Geobox River
<!-- *** Name section *** -->
| name = Salem River
| native_name =
| other_name =
| other_name1 =
<!-- *** Map section *** -->
| image = Salem River New Jersey.jpg
| image_size = 280
| image_caption = The Salem River in [[Salem, New Jersey|Salem]] in 2006
| image_first =
<!-- *** Country etc. *** -->
| country = USA
| country1 =
| state = New Jersey
| state1 =
| region =
| region1 =
| city =
| city1 =
<!-- *** Geography *** -->
| length =
| length_imperial = 30
| length_note = approx.<ref name=Columbia>{{cite web | url=http://www.bartleby.com/69/65/S02065.html | title = Columbia Gazetteer of North America entry for Salem River | accessdate=2007-01-14}}</ref>
| watershed =
| watershed_imperial = 110
| watershed_note = plus<ref name=ODNR>{{cite web |url= http://www.water.rutgers.edu/Projects/UpperSalem/SalemP1Report_submissiontoNJDEP050206.pdf |pages = [http://www.water.rutgers.edu/Projects/UpperSalem/SalemP1Report_submissiontoNJDEP050206.pdf#page=7 p. 7] | title= Watershed Restoration Plan for the Upper Salem River Watershed: Phase 1 | author= Rutgers Cooperative Research & Extension Water Resources Program |coauthors= The Cumberland Salem Conservation District, Rutgers Cooperative & Extension of Salem County | accessdate=2007-01-14}}</ref>
| discharge_location =
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| discharge_min =
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| discharge1_location =
| discharge1_average =
| discharge1_average_imperial =
<!-- *** Source *** -->
| source_name =
| source_location = [[Upper Pittsgrove Township, New Jersey|Upper Pittsgrove Township]]
| source_location_note =
| source_region =
| source_country =
| source_country1 =
| source_lat_d = 39
| source_lat_m = 35
| source_lat_s = 59
| source_lat_NS = N
| source_long_d = 75
| source_long_m = 13
| source_long_s = 45
| source_long_EW = W
| source_coordinates_note =<ref name=GNIS>{{cite web |url={{Gnis3|880237}} |title=Geographic Names Information System entry for Salem River |accessdate=2007-01-14}}</ref>
| source_elevation =
| source_elevation_imperial =
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| source_meet =
<!-- *** Mouth *** -->
| mouth_name = Delaware River
| mouth_location = boundary of [[Pennsville Township, New Jersey|Pennsville]] and [[Elsinboro Township, New Jersey|Elsinboro]] townships
| mouth_location_note =
| mouth_country =
| mouth_region =
| mouth_country1 =
| mouth_elevation =
| mouth_elevation_imperial = 0
| mouth_elevation_note =<ref name=GNIS/>
| mouth_lat_d = 39
| mouth_lat_m = 34
| mouth_lat_s = 23
| mouth_lat_NS = N
| mouth_long_d = 75
| mouth_long_m = 30
| mouth_long_s = 44
| mouth_long_EW = W
| mouth_coordinates_note =<ref name=GNIS/>
<!-- *** Tributaries *** -->
| tributary_left =
| tributary_left1 =
| tributary_right =
| tributary_right1 =
<!-- *** Map section *** -->
| map =
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}}
The '''Salem River''' is a [[tributary]] of the [[Delaware River]], approximately thirty miles (48 km) long, in southwestern [[New Jersey]] in the [[United States]].
The course and watershed of the Salem River are entirely within [[Salem County, New Jersey|Salem County]]. The river rises in [[Upper Pittsgrove Township, New Jersey|Upper Pittsgrove Township]] and flows initially westwardly, through [[Pilesgrove Township, New Jersey|Pilesgrove Township]] and the borough of [[Woodstown, New Jersey|Woodstown]] and along the boundaries of [[Carneys Point Township, New Jersey|Carneys Point]] and [[Mannington Township, New Jersey|Mannington]] Townships. Near [[Deepwater, New Jersey|Deepwater]] it approaches to within 2 miles(3 km) of the Delaware River, a distance breached by the Deepwater Canal, which connects the two rivers. From there the Salem River turns to the south, flowing along the boundary of Mannington and [[Pennsville Township, New Jersey|Pennsville]] Townships,<ref name=DeLorme>[[DeLorme]] (2005). ''New Jersey Atlas & Gazetteer''. Yarmouth, Maine: DeLorme. ISBN 0-89933-324-9.</ref> where it widens into a [[meander]]ing shallow [[estuary]]{{Fact|date=February 2007}} and passes the city of [[Salem, New Jersey|Salem]], its head of [[navigability]].<ref name=Columbia/> It flows into the Delaware River from the east near the head of [[Delaware Bay]], on the boundary of Pennsville and [[Elsinboro Township, New Jersey|Elsinboro]] townships, approximately 2 miles (3 km) west of Salem and approximately 5 miles (8 km) southeast of [[Finns Point]]. Its [[tributary|tributaries]] include [[Game Creek (New Jersey)|Game Creek]], [[Mannington Creek]], and [[Fenwick Creek]].<ref name=DeLorme/>
The area of the river was inhabited by [[Lenape]] at the time of [[European colonization of the Americas|European colonization]]. [[Fort Elfsborg]], a settlement of the [[New Sweden]] colony, was constructed along the eastern bank of the river near its mouth in 1642-1643. The fort was later abandoned because of the prevalence of [[mosquito]]es. The [[England|English]] later founded the village of Salem in 1675 near the mouth of the river as part of the [[Fenwick Colony]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.getnj.com/historicroadsides/salem.shtml | title = Historic Roadsides of New Jersey | accessdate = 2007-01-14}}</ref>
According to the [[Geographic Names Information System]], the river has also been known historically as '''Firkins Creek''', '''Varkens Kill''', and '''Varkins Kill'''. The [[United States Board on Geographic Names|Board on Geographic Names]] settled on "Salem River" as the stream's name in 1940.<ref name=GNIS/>
==See also==
*[[List of New Jersey rivers]]
== References ==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
</div>
==External links==
*[http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nj/nwis/uv/?site_no=01482500&agency_cd=USGS Salem River gaging station at Woodsville]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Delaware River]]
[[Category:Rivers of New Jersey]]
[[Category:Salem County, New Jersey]]