Salt Lake City, Utah
53837
226111700
2008-07-16T21:36:24Z
65.122.158.242
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{{for|ships of the United States Navy of the same name|USS Salt Lake City}}{{for|the Beach Boys song|Salt Lake City (song)}}
{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = City of Salt Lake City
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|nickname = Crossroads of the West, SLC
|image_skyline = Saltlakecounty.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = [[Downtown]] Salt Lake City and the surrounding suburbs
|image_flag = Flag_of_Salt_Lake_City_SVG.svg
|image_seal = Seal utah.png
|image_map = UTMap-doton-Salt Lake City.PNG
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location of Salt Lake City in Salt Lake County, Utah
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Utah|County]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States|United States of America]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Utah]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Salt Lake County, Utah|Salt Lake County]]
|government_type =
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name = [[Ralph Becker (Utah)|Ralph Becker]]
|established_date =
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|area_total_km2 = 285.9
|area_land_km2 = 282.5
|area_water_km2 = 3.3
|population_as_of = 2000
|population_total = 178858
|population_urban = 887650
|population_metro = 1018826
|population_density_km2 = 643.3
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code =
|area_code = [[Area codes 385 and 801|385/801]]
|timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain]]
|utc_offset = -7
|timezone_DST = [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain]]
|utc_offset_DST = -6
|latd = 40 |latm = 45 |lats = 0 |latNS = N
|longd = 111 |longm = 53 |longs = 0 |longEW = W
|area_total_sq_mi = 110.4
|area_land_sq_mi = 109.1
|area_water_sq_mi = 1.3
|elevation_m = 1288
|elevation_ft = 4226
|website = http://www.slcgov.com
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 49-67000{{GR|2}}
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 1454997{{GR|3}}
|footnotes =
}}
'''Salt Lake City''' is the [[capital]] and the most populous city of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Utah]]. The name of the city is often shortened to '''Salt Lake''', or its initials, '''S.L.C.''' It was originally known as '''Great Salt Lake City'''.
Salt Lake City has a population of 178,858 as of 2006.<ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=ChangeGeoContext&geo_id=16000US4967000&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US49%7C16000US4962470&_street=&_county=salt+lake+city&_cityTown=salt+lake+city&_state=04000US49&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null®=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry=]. ''U.S. Census Bureau''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref> The [[Salt Lake City metropolitan area]] spans [[Salt Lake County, Utah|Salt Lake]], [[Summit County, Utah|Summit]] and [[Tooele County, Utah|Tooele counties]], and has a total estimated population of 1,018,826. Salt Lake City is further situated in a larger [[urban area]] known as the [[Wasatch Front]], and until 2003 the [[Ogden-Clearfield_metropolitan_area|Ogden-Clearfield metro area]] within it was considered part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area.<ref>{{cite web | title = Metropolitan Area Definitions| publisher = [[United States Department of Labor]] - [[Bureau of Labor Statistics]] | date = March 2005 | url = http://www.bls.gov/sae/790metdf.htm | note = until 2003 Salt Lake City and [[Ogden,Utah|Ogden]] formed a single metropolitan area | accessdate=2007-03-06}}</ref> While Salt Lake City is only a marginal portion of the entire Salt Lake Valley, the entire valley is usually referred to as "Salt Lake City." Its population figure understates the feel of the city, since its growth has long since exceeded the city limits established in the mid-1800s. The total estimated population of the Wasatch Front is approximately 2,150,000.
The city was founded in 1847 by a group of [[Mormon pioneers]] led by their prophet, [[Brigham Young]], who fled hostility and violence in the [[Midwestern United States|midwest]]. The headquarters of [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (the L.D.S. or Mormon Church) is located in the city — and, indeed, "Salt Lake City" is a [[metonym]] for this denomination's headquarters.
[[Mining|Mining booms]] and the construction of the [[First Transcontinental Railroad|first transcontinental railroad]] initially brought economic growth, and the city became nicknamed the '''Crossroads of the West'''. In the 21st century the city has developed a strong [[Outdoor activity|outdoor recreation]] tourism industry (skiing and biking), become the [[Industrial loan company|industrial banking]] center of the U.S,<ref>[http://www.fdic.gov/regulations/examinations/supervisory/insights/sisum04/industrial_loans.html FDIC Industrial Banks]. [[Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation]] ([[2004-06-25]]). Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref> and served as host to the [[2002 Winter Olympics]].
==History==
{{main|History of Salt Lake City}}
<!--When you update this section with new information, please take a moment to update the above "History of Salt Lake City" page with the same information. This section is meant to only be a summary of the main article. Thanks.-->
Before Mormon settlement, the [[Shoshone]], [[Ute Tribe|Ute]], and [[Paiute]] had dwelled in the Salt Lake Valley for thousands of years. However, these tribes dwelt only on a temporary basis near streams emptying from Canyons into the Salt Lake Valley. The first Caucasian in the Salt Lake area is believed to be the explorer [[Jim Bridger]] in 1825, although other Caucasians had been in Utah earlier, some as far north as the nearby Utah Valley. U.S. Army officer [[John C. Frémont]] surveyed the [[Great Salt Lake]] and the Salt Lake Valley in 1843 and 1845.<ref>{{cite web | last=Alexander | first=Thomas G. | title=Utah History to Go - Fremont's Exploration | publisher=Utah State Historical Society | url=http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/trappers,_traders,_and_explorers/fremontsexploration.html | access date=2006-12-15 }}</ref> The [[Donner party]], a group of ill-fated pioneers, had traveled through the Great Salt Lake Valley in August 1846.
[[Image:Temple Square 1912 panorama.jpg|thumb|800px|center|Panorama from South Temple Street taken in 1912]]
The first Europeans to settle in the valley were the Latter-day Saints on [[July 24]], [[1847]]. They had traveled beyond the boundaries of the [[United States]] seeking an isolated area to practice their religion, away from the hostility they had faced in the [[Eastern United States|East]]. Upon arrival, [[President of the Church (Latter Day Saints)|President of the Church]] [[Brigham Young]] is recorded as stating, "this is the right place," later abbreviated to simply "this is the place," after reportedly seeing the area in a [[Vision (religion)|vision]]. They found the large valley empty of any human settlement.
Only four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Brigham Young designated the site for the [[Salt Lake Temple]], intended to be the third temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, to replace the abandoned [[Kirtland Temple]] in Ohio and [[Nauvoo Temple]] in Illinois.
Constructed on [[Temple Square]], in the center of the city, the temple took 40 years to complete, being started in 1853 and dedicated on [[April 6]], [[1893]]. These delays meant that temples in St. George, Logan and Manti were completed before the Salt Lake Temple <ref>[http://www.ldschurchtemples.com/cgi-bin/pages.cgi?salt_lake Salt Lake Temple]. ''LDSChurchTemples.com.'' Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref> The temple has become iconic of the city and is the centerpiece of the city (in fact, the southeast corner of Temple Square is the reference point for all addresses in the Salt Lake Valley).
[[Image:Salt Lake City 1913 panorama.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Salt Lake City in 1913]]
The [[Mormon pioneer]]s organized a new state called [[State of Deseret|Deseret]] and petitioned for its recognition in 1849. The [[United States Congress]] rebuffed the settlers in 1850 and established the [[Utah Territory]], vastly reducing its size. Great Salt Lake City replaced [[Fillmore, Utah|Fillmore]] as the territorial capital in 1858, and the name was subsequently abbreviated to Salt Lake City. The city's population swelled with an influx of religious converts, making it one of the most populous cities in the [[American Old West]].
Disputes with the federal government ensued over the widespread Mormon practice of [[polygamy]]. A climax occurred in 1857 when President [[James Buchanan]] declared the area in rebellion after [[Brigham Young]] refused to step down as governor, beginning the [[Utah War]]. A division of the [[United States Army]], commanded by [[Albert Sidney Johnston]], later a general in the army of the Confederate States of America, marched through the city and found that it had been evacuated. This division set up [[Camp Floyd]] approximately 40 miles (65 km) southwest of the city. Another military installation, [[Fort Douglas (Utah)|Fort Douglas]], was established in 1862 to maintain [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] allegiance during the [[American Civil War]]. Many area leaders were incarcerated at the territorial prison in [[Sugar House (Salt Lake City)|Sugar House]] in the 1880s for violation of anti-polygamy laws. The LDS Church began their eventual abandonment of polygamy in 1890, releasing [[1890 Manifesto|"The Manifesto,"]] which officially suggested that members obey the law of the land (which was equivalent to forbidding new polygamous marriages inside the U.S. and its territories, but not in Mormon settlements in Canada and Mexico). This paved the way for statehood in 1896, when Salt Lake City became the state capital.
[[Image:SLC, 1910.jpg|thumb|Men lounging outside saloon & Chinese laundry, 1910]]
The [[First Transcontinental Railroad]] was completed in 1869 at [[Promontory Summit]] on the north side of the [[Great Salt Lake]]. A railroad was connected to the city from the Transcontinental Railroad in 1870, making travel less burdensome. Mass migration of different groups followed. They found economic opportunities in the booming [[mining|mining industries]]. These groups constructed the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Greek Orthodox]] [[Holy Trinity Cathedral, Salt Lake City|Holy Trinity Cathedral]] in 1905 and the [[Roman Catholic]] [[Cathedral of the Madeleine]] in 1909. This time period also saw the creation of Salt Lake City's now defunct [[Red-light district]] that employed 300 [[prostitution|courtesans]] at its height before being closed down in 1911.<ref>Sillitoe, Linda. ''A History of Salt Lake County'', p. 138.</ref>
[[Image:TRAX train downtown.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[UTA TRAX]] [[Sandy, Utah|Sandy]] train at the Gallivan Plaza stop in Salt Lake City]]
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, an extensive streetcar system was constructed throughout the city with the first streetcar running in 1872 and electrification of the system in 1889. As in the rest of the country, the automobile usurped the streetcar and the last trolley ran in 1945. Rail transit was re-introduced when [[UTA TRAX|TRAX]], a [[light rail]] system, opened in 1999.<ref>Money, Marti. [http://www.sugarhousetrolley.org/utahstreet.html Utah Street Tramways - History of trams in Salt Lake City]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref>
The city's population began to stagnate during the 20th century as population growth shifted to [[suburb|suburban areas]] north and south of the city. Few of these areas were annexed to the city, while nearby towns incorporated and expanded themselves. As a result, the population of the surrounding metropolitan area greatly outnumbers that of Salt Lake City. A major concern of recent government officials has been combating inner-city commercial decay. The city lost population from the 1960s through the 1980s, but experienced some recovery in the 1990s. Presently, the city is losing population again (though that of the metro area continues to grow), having lost an estimated 2 percent of its population since the year 2000.<ref>[http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/SUB-EST2005.html Population Estimates for Places over 100,000: 2000 to 2005]. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref>
The city has experienced significant demographic shifts in recent years.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-09-14-utah-cover_x.htm | title=Immigrants turn Utah into mini-melting pot | author=Haya El Nasser | date=[[2006-09-15]] | publisher=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> [[Hispanic]]s now account for approximately 19% of residents and the city has a large [[gay community]].<ref name="SLC Gay Population">"[http://kutv.com/topstories/local_story_161181301.html Salt Lake City Has High Gay Population]", ''KUTV.com''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref> There is also a large Pacific Islander population, mainly made up of [[Samoa]]ns and [[Tonga]]ns; they compose roughly 1% of the population of the [[Salt Lake Valley]] area.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.slweekly.com/editorial/2005/feat_2005-09-08.cfm|title=The Gangs of Zion|last=Sullivan|first=Tim|date=[[2005-09-08]]|access date=2007-01-13}}</ref>
Salt Lake City was selected to host the [[2002 Winter Olympics]] in 1995. The games were plagued with controversy. A [[2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal|bid scandal]] surfaced in 1998 alleging that bribes had been offered to secure the city for the 2000 games location. During the games, other scandals erupted over contested judging scores and illegal drug use. Despite the controversies, the games were heralded as a financial success, being one of the few in recent history to profit. In preparation major construction projects were initiated. Local [[freeway]]s were expanded and repaired, and a [[light rail]] system was constructed. Olympic venues are now used for local, national, and international sporting events and Olympic athlete training.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,650196322,00.html | title=Big incentive helps lure speed skating group | author=Lisa Riley Roche | date=[[2006-10-05]] | publisher=[[Deseret Morning News]]}}</ref> Tourism has increased since the Olympic games,<ref name="2006 tourism">{{cite news | title=Convention numbers best since Olympics; S.L. County conventions post big year | last=Gorrell | first=Mike | publisher=[[The Salt Lake Tribune]] | date=[[2006-03-30]]}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=December 2007}} but business did not pick up immediately following them.<ref>{{cite news | title=Olympic windfall unseen | author=Mike Gorrell | publisher=[[The Salt Lake Tribune]] | date=[[2004-02-15]]}}</ref>
Salt Lake City hosted the 16th Winter Deaflympic games in 2007, taking place in the venues in Salt Lake City and [[Park City, Utah|Park City]],<ref>[http://www.2007deaflympics.com/?ID=656 2007 Winter Deaflympics - Official Website: About Us]. Winter Deaflympics (2007). Retrieved on [[2007-03-06]].</ref> and [[Rotary International]] has designated the city as the site of their 2007 convention, which will be the largest single gathering since the [[2002 Winter Olympics]].<ref>"SLC to land Rotarians in '07", ''The Salt Lake Tribune''.</ref> The U.S. Volleyball Association convention in 2005 drew 39,500 attendees.
==Geography==
{{main|Geography of Salt Lake City}}
[[Image:Saltlakecityspace.jpg|thumb|right|Salt Lake City from space.]]
Salt Lake City is located at {{coor dm|40|45|N|111|53|W|}}. The total area is 110.4 square miles (285.9 km²) and has an average elevation of 4,327 feet (1,320 m) above sea level. The lowest point within the boundaries of the city is 4,210 feet near the [[Jordan River (Utah)|Jordan River]] and the Great Salt Lake, and the highest is Grandview Peak, at {{convert|9410|foot|0}}.<ref>{{cite web | title=Area Information - Frequently Asked Questions | publisher=Salt Lake City Corporation | url=http://www.slcgov.com/info/area_info/faq_new.htm | accessdate=2006-12-11 }}</ref>
The city is located in the northeast corner of the [[Salt Lake Valley]] surrounded by the Great Salt Lake to the northwest and the steep [[Wasatch Range|Wasatch]] and [[Oquirrh Mountains|Oquirrh]] mountain ranges on the eastern and western borders, respectively. Its encircling mountains contain many narrow glacially and volcanically carved canyons. Among them, [[City Creek Canyon|City Creek]], [[Emigration Canyon|Emigration]], Millcreek, and [[Parley's Canyon|Parley's]] border Salt Lake City proper.
The [[Great Salt Lake]] is separated from Salt Lake City by extensive marshlands and mudflats. The metabolic activities of bacteria in [[Willard Bay]] (the freshwater portion of the lake) results in a phenomenon known as "lake stink", a scent reminiscent of foul poultry eggs, two to three times per year for a few hours.<ref>[http://www.deq.utah.gov/references/FactSheets/Lake_Stink.htm Utah’s Infamous “Lake Stink”]. ''Utah Department of Environmental Quality.'' Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> The Jordan River flows through the city and is a drainage of [[Utah Lake]] that empties into the Great Salt Lake.
The highest mountaintop visible from Salt Lake City is [[Twin Peaks (Utah)|Twin Peaks]], which reaches 11,489 feet (3502 m).<ref name="AraveDeseret">Arave, Lynn. "[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,600122409,00.html Mountains High: Utah abounds with high peaks in all counties]", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[2005-03-31]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> Twin Peaks is located southeast of Salt Lake in the [[Wasatch Range]]. The [[Wasatch Fault]] is found along the western base of the Wasatch and is considered overdue for an earthquake as large as 7.5. Catastrophic damage is predicted in the event of an earthquake with major damage resulting from the [[liquefaction]] of the clay- and sand-based soil and the possible permanent flooding of portions of the city by the Great Salt Lake.<ref>Davidson, Lee. "[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,635199749,00.html It's 2008 — and 'the big one' slams Utah]", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[2006-04-16]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref>
The second-highest mountain range is the [[Oquirrh Mountains|Oquirrhs]], reaching a maximum height of 10,620 feet (3,237 m) at Flat Top. The [[Traverse Ridge|Traverse Mountains]] to the south extend to 6,000 feet (1,830 m), nearly connecting the Wasatch and Oquirrh Mountains. The mountains near Salt Lake City are easily visible from the city and have sharp vertical relief caused by massive ancient earthquakes, with a maximum difference of 7,099 feet (2164 m) being achieved with the rise of Twin Peaks from the Salt Lake Valley floor.<ref name="AraveDeseret" />
The Salt Lake Valley floor is the ancient lakebed of [[Lake Bonneville]] which existed at the end of the last [[Ice Age]]. Several Lake Bonneville shorelines can be distinctly seen on the foothills or benches of nearby mountains .
===Layout===
[[Image:Platslc.jpg|thumb|right|[[Plat]] of Salt Lake City, circa 1870s]]
The city, as well as the [[Salt Lake County, Utah|county]], is laid out on a [[grid plan]];<ref>Husarik, Theresa. [http://saltlakecity.about.com/library/weekly/98art/aa031698.htm Navigating Utah's Streets]. ''About.com.'' Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> Most major streets run very nearly north-south and east-west. There is about a fourteen to fifteen [[minute of arc]] variation of the grid from true north.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} The grid's origin is the southeast corner of [[Temple Square]], the block containing the [[Salt Lake Temple]] of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Addresses are [[Cartesian coordinate system|coordinates]] within the system (similarly to [[latitude]] and [[longitude]]). One hundred units are equal to 1/8th of a mile (200 m), the length of blocks in downtown Salt Lake City.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} The streets are relatively wide, at the direction of Brigham Young, who wanted them wide enough that a [[wagon]] team could turn around without "resorting to profanity." <ref>William E. Hill (1996). ''The Mormon Trail: yesterday and today''. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. ISBN 0-87421-202-2 p. 26</ref> These wide streets and grid pattern are typical of other Mormon towns of the pioneer era throughout the West.
Though the nomenclature may initially confuse new arrivals and visitors, many consider the grid system an aid to navigation. Some streets have names, such as State Street, which would otherwise be known as 100 East. Other streets have honorary names, such as the western portion of 300 South, named "Adam Galvez Street" (in honor of a local Marine corporal killed in action) or others honoring [[Rosa Parks]], [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], and [[César Chávez]]. These honorary names appear only on street signs and cannot be used in postal addresses.
In [[The Avenues, Salt Lake City, Utah|The Avenues]] neighborhood, north-south streets are given letters of the alphabet, and east-west streets are numbered in 2.5 acre (10,100 m²) blocks, smaller than those in the rest of the city.
[[Joseph Smith, Jr.|Joseph Smith]], founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, planned the layout in the "[[Plat of Zion|Plat of the City of Zion]]" (intended as a template for Mormon towns wherever they might be built). In his plan the city was to be developed into 135 10-acre lots. However, the blocks in Salt Lake City became irregular during the late 19th century when the LDS Church lost authority over growth and before the adoption of zoning ordinances in the 1920s. The original 10-acre blocks allowed for large garden plots, and many were supplied with irrigation water from ditches that ran approximately where modern curbs and gutters would be laid. The original water supply was from [[City Creek (Salt Lake City)|City Creek]]. Subsequent development of water resources was from successively more southern streams flowing from the mountains to the east of the city. Some of the old irrigation ditches are still visible in the eastern suburbs, or are still marked on maps, years after they were gone.
===Neighborhoods===
:''See also: [[Buildings and sites of Salt Lake City, Utah#Neighborhoods and areas|Buildings and sites of Salt Lake City, Utah - Neighborhoods and areas]]''
[[Image:SaltLakeMap.png|thumb|right|Map of modern Salt Lake City and its suburbs.]]
Salt Lake City has many informal neighborhoods. The eastern portion of the city has higher property values than its western counterpart. This is a result of the railroad being built in the western half as well as scenic views from inclined grounds in the eastern portion. Housing is more affordable on the west side, which results in [[demographics|demographic]] differences. [[Interstate 15 (Utah)|Interstate 15]] was also built in a north-south line, further dividing east and west sides of the city.
The west side of the city has historically been a working-class neighborhood, but recently the more affordable nature of the area has enticed many professionals to the neighborhood. For example, the small, increasingly trendy Marmalade District on the west side of [[Capitol Hill, Salt Lake City, Utah|Capitol Hill]], once considered seedy as few as 5–10 years ago, was heavily gentrified and is now thought of as an eclectic and desirable location. During the 1980s, gang activity was also centered in the western neighborhoods of [[Rose Park, Salt Lake City, Utah|Rose Park]], Poplar Grove, and [[Glendale, Salt Lake City, Utah|Glendale]].
[[Sugar House, Salt Lake City, Utah|Sugar House]], in southeastern Salt Lake City, has a reputation as a liberal neighborhood and until recently possessed a district of locally-owned specialty and niche shops on the corner of 2100 South and 1100 East.<ref>Jeniffer K. Nii. [http://www.desnews.com/cgi-bin/cqcgi_plus/@plus.env?CQ_SESSION_KEY=RQIZCHZAUEBM&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=163&CQ_TEXT_MAIN=YES Sugar House shops forced out]. ''[[Deseret Morning News]]'', March 7, 2007.</ref> The stores that once occupied the street have recently moved to new locations to make way for a condominium and office complex, although the developers have stated that they wish to maintain the character of the area, and retail shops will be allowed at street-level once the complex is completed.<ref>Jeniffer K. Nii. [http://www.desnews.com/cgi-bin/cqcgi_plus/@plus.env?CQ_SESSION_KEY=RQIZCHZAUEBM&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=155&CQ_TEXT_MAIN=YES 'Granite Block' plan touted]. ''[[Deseret Morning News]]'', March 13, 2007.</ref><ref>Josh Loftin. [http://www.desnews.com/cgi-bin/cqcgi_plus/@plus.env?CQ_SESSION_KEY=RQIZCHZAUEBM&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=70&CQ_TEXT_MAIN=YES Developer aims to keep Sugar House character]. ''[[Deseret Morning News]]'', September 7, 2007.</ref> Despite these assurances, residents have been very vocal in their concerns that the neighborhood will lose its unique eclectic appeal and have panned what they call the destruction of one of the few locally-owned business districts in the valley.<ref>Doug Smeath. [http://www.desnews.com/cgi-bin/cqcgi_plus/@plus.env?CQ_SESSION_KEY=RQIZCHZAUEBM&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=145&CQ_TEXT_MAIN=YES Redevelopment worries Sugar House]. ''[[Deseret Morning News]]''. March 29, 2007.</ref>
Just northeast of Downtown is [[The Avenues, Salt Lake City, Utah|The Avenues]], a neighborhood outside of the regular grid system on much smaller blocks. This area is a Historical District that is nearly entirely residential, and contains many historical Victorian era homes. The Avenues are situated on the upward-sloping bench in the foothills of the [[Wasatch Range]], with the earlier built homes in the lower elevation. The Avenues, along with [[Federal Heights, Salt Lake City, Utah|Federal Heights]], just to the east and north of the [[University of Utah]], and the [[Foothill, Salt Lake City, Utah|Foothill]] area, south of the University, contain gated communities, large, multi-million dollar houses, and fantastic views of the valley. Many consider this some of the most desirable real estate in the valley.
In addition to larger centers like Sugar House and Downtown, Salt Lake City contains several smaller neighborhoods, each named after the closest major intersection. Two examples are the [[9th and 9th]] (located at the intersection of 900 East and 900 South Streets) and 15th & 15th (located at the intersection of 1500 East and 1500 South Streets) neighborhoods. These areas are home to foot-traffic friendly, amenities-based businesses such as art galleries, clothing retail, salons, restaurants and coffee shops. During the summer of 2007, 9th and 9th saw sidewalk and street improvements as well as an art installation inspired by the 9 Muses of Greek myth, thanks in part to the 9th and 9th Merchants Association.
Many of the homes in the valley date from pre-[[World War II]] times, and only a select few areas, such as Federal Heights and the East Bench, as well as the far west side, including parts of Rose Park and Glendale, have seen new home construction since the 1970s.
===Climate===
{{main|Climate of Salt Lake City}}
[[Image:Saltlaketornado.jpeg|thumb|right|A rare [[Fujita scale|F2]] [[Salt Lake City Tornado|tornado]] forms in downtown Salt Lake City on [[August 11]], [[1999]] (orange fireball is substation exploding).<ref>[http://www.disastercenter.com/tornado/rank.htm The Disaster Center Ranking of Tornado Risk by State]. ''The Disaster Center''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref>]]
[[Image:SLCfloodphoto.jpg|thumb|right|The flood of [[City Creek (Salt Lake City)|City Creek]] in 1983 occurred from snowmelt after record snow fell in nearby mountains the previous winter.]]
The [[climate]] of Salt Lake City is characterized as a [[semi-arid]] steppe climate (Köppen Bsk), with four distinct seasons. Both summer and winter are long, with hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters, and with spring and fall serving as brief but comfortable transition periods. The city receives 16.50 in (419 mm) of precipitation annually.<ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table29.php NWS Salt Lake City - Average precipitation]. ''[[National Weather Service]]''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> Spring is the wettest season, and another "rainy season" occurs in fall. Snow occurs on average from [[November 6]] to [[April 18]], producing a total average of 62.7 in (159 cm),<ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table44.php NWS Salt Lake City - Average snowfall]. ''National Weather Service''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> while the city's [[Drainage basin|watershed]]s in nearby mountains accumulate averages as high as 500 in (1,270 cm). The period without [[freezing]] temperatures usually lasts an average of 167 days, from [[April 30]] to [[October 15]].<ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table27.php NWS Salt Lake eCity - Freeze data]. ''National Weather Service''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref>
During the winter months cold fronts typically originate in the [[Gulf of Alaska]] and move southeastward into the area. The nearby Great Salt Lake produces [[lake-effect snow]] approximately 6 to 8 times per year, some of which can drop excessive snowfalls. The lake-effect also contributes to some rain storms, and it is estimated that about 10% of the annual precipitation in the city can be attributed to the lake effect.<ref>Bauman, Joe. "[http://deseretnews.com/misc/gsl/105002200.htm Lake has great impact on storms, weather]", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[1999-08-05]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> During mid-winter, strong areas of high pressure often situate themselves over the [[Great Basin]], leading to strong [[temperature inversion]]s. This causes [[air stagnation]] and thick [[smog]] in the valley for several days to weeks at a time and can result in the worst air-pollution levels in the U.S. reducing air quality to unhealthy levels.<ref>Fahys, Judy. "[http://www.sltrib.com/ci_5372365 Winter's bad air still choking Utah]", ''The Salt Lake Tribune'', [[2007-03-07]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref><ref>[http://www.acfnewsource.org/science/olympic_air.html Olympic Air]. ''ACFnewsource'' ([[2002-01-28]]). Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> The city has an average of three days annually with low temperatures below 0 °F, with an all-time record low temperature of -30 °F (-34 °C), which occurred on [[February 9]], [[1933]].<ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table5b.php NWS Salt Lake City - Extreme low temperatures]. ''National Weather Service''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref>
In the spring, most of the storms originate in the [[Pacific Ocean]] from the [[Pineapple Express]], bringing in the most moisture of the entire year. Larger and cooler storms in the spring can lead to heavy overnight snowfall. Measurable snow has occurred as late as [[May 18]].<ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table47.php NWS Salt Lake City - Earliest and latest measurable snowfall]. ''National Weather Service''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref>
The summers of the city are marked by hot weather and are mostly dry. The [[monsoon]] rises from the [[Gulf of California]] from approximately mid-July into September, producing localized severe afternoon [[thunderstorms]]. Due to the low daytime humidity, [[virga]], [[lightning]], and [[microburst]]s can lead to wildfire problems. During active monsoon periods, widespread thunderstorms carrying excessive precipitation are common. High temperatures of at least 100 °F (38 °C) occur on average five times a year, but always on days with low humidity. The record high temperature is 107 °F (42 °C), which occurred first on [[July 26]], [[1960]] and again on [[July 13]], [[2002]].<ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table5a.php NWS Salt Lake City - Extreme maximum temperatures]. ''National Weather Service''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref>
During October, the Pacific Ocean once again becomes active, bringing in more precipitation, occasionally in the form of the remnants of [[tropical cyclone]]s. The remnants of [[1982 Pacific hurricane season#Hurricane Olivia|Hurricane Olivia]] helped bring the record monthly precipitation of 7.04 in (179 mm) in September 1982.<ref>[http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/olivia1982.html Remnants of Hurricane Olivia - September 23-28, 1982]. ''[[Hydrometeorological Prediction Center]]''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref><ref>[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/climate/slcclimate/SLC/table32.php NWS Salt Lake City - Record high and low precipitation for each month]. ''National Weather Service''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> The first measurable snowfall has occurred as early as [[September 17]].
{{Infobox Weather
|metric_first=<!--Entering Yes will display metric first. Leave blank for imperial-->
|single_line=Yes <!--Entering Yes will display metric and imperial units on same line.-->
|location=Sal Lake City
|Jan_Hi_°F = 37 | Jan_REC_Hi_°F = 63
|Feb_Hi_°F = 43 | Feb_REC_Hi_°F = 69
|Mar_Hi_°F = 53 | Mar_REC_Hi_°F = 78
|Apr_Hi_°F = 61 | Apr_REC_Hi_°F = 89
|May_Hi_°F = 71 | May_REC_Hi_°F = 99
|Jun_Hi_°F = 82 | Jun_REC_Hi_°F = 104
|Jul_Hi_°F = 91 | Jul_REC_Hi_°F = 107
|Aug_Hi_°F = 89 | Aug_REC_Hi_°F = 106
|Sep_Hi_°F = 78 | Sep_REC_Hi_°F = 100
|Oct_Hi_°F = 64 | Oct_REC_Hi_°F = 89
|Nov_Hi_°F = 49 | Nov_REC_Hi_°F = 75
|Dec_Hi_°F = 38 | Dec_REC_Hi_°F = 69
|Year_Hi_°F = | Year_REC_Hi_°F =
|Jan_Lo_°F = 21 | Jan_REC_Lo_°F = -22
|Feb_Lo_°F = 26 | Feb_REC_Lo_°F = -30
|Mar_Lo_°F = 33 | Mar_REC_Lo_°F = 2
|Apr_Lo_°F = 39 | Apr_REC_Lo_°F = 14
|May_Lo_°F = 47 | May_REC_Lo_°F = 25
|Jun_Lo_°F = 56 | Jun_REC_Lo_°F = 35
|Jul_Lo_°F = 63 | Jul_REC_Lo_°F = 40
|Aug_Lo_°F = 62 | Aug_REC_Lo_°F = 37
|Sep_Lo_°F = 52 | Sep_REC_Lo_°F = 27
|Oct_Lo_°F = 41 | Oct_REC_Lo_°F = 16
|Nov_Lo_°F = 30 | Nov_REC_Lo_°F = -14
|Dec_Lo_°F = 22 | Dec_REC_Lo_°F = -21
|Year_Lo_°F = | Year_REC_Lo_°F =
|source=Data is for Salt Lake International Airport
|accessdate=
}}
{| border=1 cellpadding=4 align=center cellspacing=0 style="text-align:right; background:#f9f9f9; border:1px #aaa solid; border-collapse:collapse;"
!<br>!!<br>!!Jan!!Feb!!Mar!!Apr!!May!!Jun!!Jul!!Aug!!Sep!!Oct!!Nov!!Dec
|-
!align=left|Record Precipitation
|align=center|in.
| 3.23||4.89||3.97||4.90||4.76||3.84||2.57||3.66||7.04||3.91||3.34||4.37
|-
!align=left|Average Precipitation
|align=center|in.
| 1.37||1.33||1.91||2.02||2.09||0.77||0.72||0.76||1.33||1.57||1.40||1.23
|-
!align=left|Average Snowfall
|align=center|in.
| 13.6||9.9||9.1||4.9||0.6||0.0||0.0||0.0||0.1||1.3||7.0||12.0
|-
!align=left|Record Snowfall
|align=center|in.
| 50.3||32.1||41.9||26.4||7.5||0.0||0.0||0.0||4.0||20.4||33.3||35.2
|-
|colspan=14 align=center bgcolor=#f0f0f0 style="font-size:75%"| Data is for Salt Lake International Airport
|}
<br clear=all>
==Demographics==
{| id="toc" style="float: right; margin-left: 5em; width: 30%; font-size: 90%;" cellspacing="3"
|colspan="3"|Salt Lake City's racial demographics against those of Utah:
|-
|'''Utah'''||'''Salt Lake City'''||'''Ethnicity'''
|-
|85.3%||79.20%||[[Whites|White]]
|-
|0.8%||1.89%||[[African American|Black]]
|-
|1.3%||1.34%||[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]]
|-
|1.7%||3.62%||[[Asian American|Asian]]
|-
|0.7%||1.89%||[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]]
|-
|N/A||8.52%||Other race
|-
|2.1%||3.54%||Two or more races
|-
|9.0%||18.85%||[[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic]]
|-
|
|}
[[Image:SLCcitycountybldg.jpg|thumb|The City and County Building in Salt Lake City.]]
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there are 181,743 people (up from 159,936 in 1990), 71,461 households, and 39,803 families residing in the city. This amounts to 8.1% of [[Utah]]'s population, 20.2% of [[Salt Lake County, Utah|Salt Lake County]]'s population, and 13.6% of the Salt Lake metropolitan population. Salt Lake City proper covers 14.2% of Salt Lake County. Salt Lake City is more densely populated than the surrounding metro area with a [[population density]] of 643.3/km² (1,666.1/sq mi). There are 77,054 housing units at an average density of 706.4/sq mi (272.7/km²).
The Salt Lake City-[[Ogden, Utah|Ogden]] [[metropolitan area]], which included [[Salt Lake County, Utah|Salt Lake]], [[Davis County, Utah|Davis]], and [[Weber County, Utah|Weber]] counties, had a population of 1,333,914 in 2000, a 24.4% increase over the 1990 figure of 1,072,227. Since the [[United States Census, 2000|2000 Census]], the [[U.S. Census|Census Bureau]] has added [[Summit County, Utah|Summit]] and [[Tooele County, Utah|Tooele]] counties to the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, but removed Davis and Weber counties and designated them as the separate [[Ogden, Utah|Ogden]]-[[Clearfield, Utah|Clearfield]] metropolitan area. Together with the [[Provo, Utah|Provo]]-[[Orem, Utah|Orem]] metropolitan area, which lies to the south, it has a combined population of well over 2 million.
There are 71,461 households, out of which 27.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% are [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.2% have a female householder with no husband present, and 44.3% are nonfamilies. Of the 71,461 households, 3,904 were reported to be unmarried partner households: 3,047 heterosexual, 458 same-sex male, and 399 same-sex female. 33.2% of all households are made up of individuals, and 9.7% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.48, and the average family size is 3.24.
In the city the population is spread out with:
*23.6% under the age of 18
*15.2% from 18 to 24
*33.4% from 25 to 44
*16.7% from 45 to 64
*11.0% who are 65 years of age or older
The median age is 30 years. For every 100 females there are 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 101.2 males.
The median [[income]] for a [[household]] in the city is $36,944, and the median income for a family is $45,140. Males have a median income of $31,511 versus $26,403 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city is $20,752. 15.3% of the population and 10.4% of families are below the [[poverty line]]. Out of the total population, 18.7% of those under the age of 18 and 8.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
{{USCensusPop
|1860 = 8236
|1870 = 12854
|1880 = 20768
|1890 = 44843
|1900 = 53531
|1910 = 92777
|1920 = 116110
|1930 = 140267
|1940 = 149934
|1950 = 182121
|1960 = 189454
|1970 = 175885
|1980 = 163034
|1990 = 159936
|2000 = 181743
|estyear = 2006
|estimate =178858
}}
Large family sizes and low housing vacancy rates, which have inflated housing costs along the [[Wasatch Front]], have led to one out of every six residents living below the poverty line.
Less than 50% of Salt Lake City's residents are members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This is a much lower proportion than in Utah's more rural municipalities; altogether, LDS members make up about 62% of Utah's population.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sltrib.com/ci_2886596 | title=Mormon portion of Utah population steadily shrinking | author=Matt Canham | date=[[2005-06-22]] | publisher=[[Salt Lake Tribune]]}}</ref>
The [[Rose Park (Salt Lake City)|Rose Park]] and [[Glendale (Salt Lake City)|Glendale]] sections are predominantly [[Spanish language|Spanish-speaking]] with Latinos accounting for 60% of public school-children.<ref>"School ranks thinned by 'Day Without Immigrants' ", ''The Salt Lake Tribune'', [[2006-05-01]].</ref> The Centro Civico Mexicano acts as a community gathering point for the Wasatch Front's estimated 300,000 Latinos,<ref>"Latinos eye Utah for 2009 meeting", ''The Salt Lake Tribune'', [[2006-07-31]].</ref> Mexican President [[Vicente Fox]] began his U.S. tour in the city in 2006, and the largest supermarket chain of Mexico, [[Supermercados Gigante]], is planning a location, the first in the U.S. outside of California.<ref>"Latino shops wary of Gigante", ''The Salt Lake Tribune'', [[2006-03-27]], p. A1.</ref> [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnian]], [[Sudan]]ese, [[Afghanistan|Afghani]], [[Somali Bantu refugees|Bantu]], and [[Russia]]n refugees have settled in the city under government programs.<ref>Sullivan, Tim. [http://www.somalibantu.com/Utah%20State.htm Somali Bantu refugees started arriving in Salt Lake City, Utah]. ''The Salt Lake Tribune''. Retrieved on [[2007-03-21]].</ref> There is also a large Pacific Islander population, mainly made up of [[Samoa]]ns and [[Tonga]]ns. Many of the Pacific Islanders are members of the LDS Church.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1996/04/10/MN72542.DTL | title=New Mormon Melting Pot, Church transcends its racist history | first=Don | last=Lattin | date=[[1996-04-10]] | publisher=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] | accessdate=2007-03-21 }}</ref>
Salt Lake City has been considered one of the top 51 "gay-friendly places to live" in the U.S.<ref>Stewart, Erin. "[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,635159889,00.html Travel book to highlight Salt Lake as 'gay-friendly place to live']", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[2005-11-09]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-21]].</ref> The city is home to a large, business savvy, organized, and politically supported gay community. Leaders of the [[ECUSA|Episcopal]] Church's Diocese of Utah,<ref>Perkins, Nancy. "[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,520033778,00.html Utah Episcopalians support gay bishop]", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[2003-10-26]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-21]].</ref><ref>"[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,595064969,00.html Bishop explains ousting of gay Episcopal bishop]", ''Deseret News'', [[2004-05-22]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-21]].</ref> Utah's largest [[Jewish]] congregation, the Salt Lake Kol Ami,<ref>Davis, Kristy. "[http://www.slweekly.com/editorial/2003/feat_2003-11-27.cfm Eye on the Rabbi]", ''Salt Lake City Weekly'', [[2003-11-27]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-11]].</ref> and three elected representatives of the city, two members of the state house and one in the senate, all identify as gay. These developments have attracted controversy from socially conservative officials representing other regions of the state. State Senator [[Chris Buttars]] of West Jordan publicly denounced Mayor [[Rocky Anderson]] for having "attracted the entire gay community to come and live in Salt Lake County" after a Dan Jones poll indicated strong support for allowing domestic partnerships. In the 2004 election, 63% of the city population voted against banning [[same-sex marriage]], in agreement with Mayor Anderson.<ref>"The Thumb", ''The Salt Lake Tribune'', [[2005-10-23]].</ref>
In 2007 Salt Lake City was also surprisingly ranked by [[Forbes Magazine]] as the most vain city in America.<ref>Forbes "[http://www.forbes.com/2007/11/29/plastic-health-surgery-forbeslife-cx_rr_1129health_slide_2.html]" </ref>
==Economy==
{{main|Economy of Salt Lake City}}
[[Image:DSCN0437SLC.JPG|thumb|right|Part of the Downtown skyline in 2006]]
[[Image:SLCskyline april2008.JPG|thumb|right|Part of the Downtown Skyline April 2008]]
[[Image:Salt Lake City at dusk.jpg|thumb|right|Downtown as dusk]]
The modern economy of Salt Lake City is service-oriented. In the past, nearby steel, mining and railroad operations provided a strong source of income with [[Silver King Coalition Mines]], [[Geneva Steel]], [[Bingham Canyon Mine]], and [[oil refinery|oil refineries]]. Today the city's major industries are government, trade, transportation, utilities, and professional and business services. The city is known as the "Crossroads of the West" for its central geography in the western United States. As a result, [[Interstate 15 (Utah)|Interstate 15]] is a major corridor for freight traffic and the area is host to many regional distribution centers.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
Local, state, and federal governments have their largest presence in the city proper itself, and trade, transportation, and utilities also take up a significant portion of employment, with the major employer being the western North America [[Delta Air Lines]] hub at [[Salt Lake City International Airport]]. Equally significant are the professional and business services, while health services and health educational services also serve as significant areas of employment. Other major employers include the [[University of Utah]], [[Sinclair Oil Corporation]], and [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]].
[[Image:100 2591 edited.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Downtown Salt Lake City in 2008]]
Besides its central offices, the LDS Church owns and operates a profit division, [[Deseret Management Corporation]] and its subsidiaries, which are headquartered in the city. Other notable firms headquartered in the city include [[AlphaGraphics]], [[Sinclair Oil Corporation]], [[Zions Bancorporation]], [[Smith's Food and Drug]] (owned by national grocer [[Kroger]]). Notable firms based in the metropolitan area include [[Arctic Circle Restaurants]], [[Franklin-Covey]], and [[Overstock.com]]. Metropolitan Salt Lake was also once the headquarters of [[Kentucky Fried Chicken]] (the first ever KFC is located in [[South Salt Lake, Utah|South Salt Lake]]), [[American Stores]], the [[Skaggs Companies]], and [[Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution|ZCMI]], one of the first-ever [[department store]]s; it is currently owned by [[Federated Department Stores]]. Former ZCMI stores now operate under the [[Macy's]] label. Suburban Salt Lake was also the first location for [[Sears Grand]] (at the [[Jordan Landing]] shopping center in [[West Jordan, Utah|West Jordan]]).
Since Utah is one of seven states that allow the establishment of commercially-owned industrial banks, the vast majority of [[Industrial loan company|industrial banks]] in the U.S. have established their headquarters in the Salt Lake City area. High-tech firms with a large presence in the suburbs include [[e-Bay]], [[Unisys]], [[Siebel]], Micron, [[L-3 Communications]] and [[3M]].
Other economic activities include [[tourism]], [[Convention (meeting)|conventions]], and major suburban call centers. Tourism has increased since the [[2002 Olympic Winter Games]],<ref name="2006 tourism"/> and many hotels and restaurants were built for the events. The convention industry has expanded since the construction of the [[Salt Palace]] convention center in the late 1990s, which hosts trade shows and conventions, including the annual Outdoor Retailers meeting and [[Novell|Novell's]] annual [[BrainShare]] convention.
In 2006, the largest potato producer in [[Idaho]], the [[United Potato Growers of America]], announced that it would re-locate its [[headquarters]] to Salt Lake City, citing its need for a large [[international airport]], being that [[Salt Lake City International]] is the [[World's busiest airports by traffic movements|22nd busiest in the world]] in terms of combined freight and passengers. The announcement led some members of the Idaho legislature to propose legislation changing the state license plate, which currently reads "Famous Potatoes".<ref>"Potato growers group leave Idaho for Utah", ''Deseret News'', [[2006-03-24]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref>
[[Image:Salt_Lake_City_panorama.jpg|thumb|right|Skyscrapers in Downtown]]
In 2005, it was found the downtown area was experiencing rapid population growth.<ref>"Population Is Up Downtown", ''Salt Lake Tribune'', [[October 21]], [[2002]].</ref> The number of residential units in the central business district has increased by 80% since 1995, and is forecasted to nearly double in the next decade. The City Creek development of the LDS Church will be adding 300 units in its first phase including the 415 ft. tall [[City Creek condominium tower]],<ref>[http://www.downtownrising.com/city_creek/CC_mixeduse_residential.php?view=view5 City Creek housing data]. ''Downtown Rising'' (2006). Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref> Allen Millo Associates currently has two projects under construction and two more planned,<ref>[http://www.allenmillo.com/sale.html Allen Millo housing]. ''Allen Millo Associates'' (2005). Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref> all 200 units have been sold before construction of a seven-story condominium planned by Wood Property,<ref>[http://www.themetrocondos.com/ Metro Condominiums]. ''Wood Property Development, LC'' (2006). Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref> a residential tower is planned for Trolley Square, and this is after the recent completion of the Northgate Apartments and 12-story condominiums at Gateway with two more buildings finished nearby and the Liberty Metro apartments near Library Square.
Office vacancy rates are low in the downtown region. In response, two new large buildings are being constructed. The first is eight stories and located in the Gateway District,<ref>Anderton, Dave. "[http://www.deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,640190774,00.html Office space hard to find]", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[2006-06-29]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref> while the second will be 22 stories high and is currently under construction on Main Street.<ref>[http://www.hamiltonpartners.com/location_overview.php?region=UT&type=office&id=70 Hamilton Partners: Location Overview] ''Hamilton Partners'' (2007). Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref> In addition, the historic Walker Bank Building is currently undergoing major renovations that will enable it to achieve Class A office space status.<ref>[http://www.downtownrising.com/projects/walker_project.php Projects: Walker Tower] ''Downtown Rising'' (2006). Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]]. Downtown Rising Web Site </ref> Construction of the Gateway District, [[UTA TRAX|light rail]], and planned [[FrontRunner|commuter rail]] service have supported the revival of downtown.
[[Image:100 2603 edited.jpg|thumb|300px|left|[[Wells Fargo Center (Salt Lake City)|Wells Fargo Center]] on Main Street.]]
==Law and government==
[[Image:SLCCityAndCountyBldg.jpg|thumb|right|[[Salt Lake City and County Building|City and County Building]], seat of city government since 1894. It also served as Utah's first statehouse from 1896 until the current [[Utah State Capitol]] was dedicated on [[October 9]], [[1916]].<ref>[http://www.utahstatecapitol.utah.gov/history/history.html Official Utah State Capitol history page]</ref>]]
Since 1979 Salt Lake City has had a [[Non-partisan democracy|nonpartisan]] [[Mayor-council government|mayor-council form of government]]. The [[mayor]] and the seven [[councilor]]s are elected to four-year terms. Mayoral elections are held the same year as three of the councilors. The other four councilors are staggered two years from the mayoral. Council seats are defined by geographic population boundaries. Each councilor represents approximately 26,000 citizens. Officials are not subject to [[term limit]]s. The most recent election was held in 2007.
The city has elected [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] mayoral candidates since the 1970s. Councilors are elected under specific issues and are usually well-known.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} [[Labor union|Labor politics]] play no significant role. The city has two elected [[lesbian|openly gay women]] and an openly [[gay]] man, representing the city in the State House and Senate, respectively.<ref>Roche, Lisa Riley. "[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,600110466,00.html State's first gay senator is sworn in]", ''Deseret Morning News'', [[2005-02-08]]. Retrieved on [[2007-03-23]].</ref>
The [[separation of church and state]] was the most heated topic in the days of the [[Liberal Party (Utah)|Liberal Party]] and [[People's Party of Utah]], when many candidates would be LDS Bishops and [[Mark Twain]] referred to Brigham Young as "the only monarch in America." This tension is still reflected today with the ''Bridging the Religious Divide'' campaign.<ref>Stack, Peggy Fletcher. "Mormons, non-Mormons clear the air", ''The Salt Lake Tribune''.</ref> This campaign was initiated when some city residents complained that the Utah political establishment was unfair in its dealings with non-LDS residents by giving the LDS Church preferential treatment, while LDS residents perceived a growing [[anti-Mormon]] bias in city politics.
The city's political demographics are [[Modern liberalism in the United States|liberal]] and [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]]. This stands in stark contrast to the majority of Utah where [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] and [[conservatism|conservative]] views generally dominate.
{| id="toc" style="float: right; margin-right: 1em; width: 30%; font-size: 90%;" cellspacing="3"
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|'''Elected officials of Salt Lake City as of 2008'''
|-
|'''Official'''||'''Position'''||'''Term ends'''
|-
|[[Ralph Becker]] (D)||Mayor||2011
|-
|colspan="3" align="center"|'''City Council members'''
|-
|Carlton Christensen||1st district||2009
|-
|Van Blair Turner||2nd district||2011
|-
|Eric Jergensen||3rd district||2009
|-
|Luke Garrott||4th district||2011
|-
|Jill Remington Love||5th district||2009
|-
|JT Martin||6th district||2011
|-
|Søren Simonsen||7th district||2009
|}
The city is home to several non-governmental think-tanks and advocacy groups such as the conservative Sutherland Institute, the gay-rights group Equality Utah, and the quality-growth advocates Envision Utah. Salt Lake hosted many foreign dignitaries during the [[2002 Winter Olympics]], and in 2006 the [[President of Mexico]] began his U.S. tour in the city and [[Israel|Israel's]] ambassador to the United States opened a cultural center.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.aifl.org/html/web/Lets_be_partners-May_2006_Utah.pdf | title=Let's be partners, Israel's ambassador urges governor | author=Matt Canham | date=[[2006-05-19]] | publisher=[[The Salt Lake Tribune]]}}</ref> President [[George W. Bush]] visited in 2005 and again in 2006 for national veterans' conventions, both visits of which were protested by then-Mayor [[Rocky Anderson]]. Other political leaders such as [[Howard Dean]] and [[Harry Reid]] gave speeches in the city in 2005.
{{see also|List of mayors of Salt Lake City}}
==Education==
{{main|Education in Salt Lake City}}
[[Image:Jan 14 06 interior Salt Lake City library 2 UT USA.JPG|thumb|right|The Salt Lake City Public Library. The [[American Library Association]] called it the best in the U.S. in 2006.]]
In 1847 pioneer Jane Dillworth held the first classes in her tent for the children of the first LDS families. In the last part of the 1800s, there was much controversy over how children in the area should be educated. LDS and non-LDS could not agree on the level of religious influence in schools. Today, many LDS youths in grades 9 through 12 attend some form of religious instruction, referred to as [[seminary]].
Because of high birth rates and large classrooms, Utah spends less per student than any other state yet simultaneously spends more per capita than any state with the exception of [[Alaska]]. Money is always a challenge, and many businesses donate to support schools. Several districts have set up foundations to raise money. Recently, money was approved for the reconstruction of more than half of the elementary schools and one of the middle schools in the [[Salt Lake City School District]], which serves most of Salt Lake City proper. There are twenty-three elementary schools, five middle schools, three high schools (Highland, East, and West, with the former [[South High School (Salt Lake City)|South High]] being converted to the South City campus of the [[Salt Lake Community College]]), and an alternative high school (Horizonte) located within the school district. In addition, Highland has recently been selected as the site for the charter school Salt Lake School for the Performing Arts (SPA), while Salt Lake City proper also holds many Catholic schools, including Judge Memorial High School. [[Rowland Hall-St. Mark's School]] is the area's premier [[independent school]].
The [[Salt Lake City Public Library]] system consists of the main library downtown, and five branches in various neighborhoods. The main library, designed by renowned architect [[Moshe Safdie]], opened in 2003. In 2006, the Salt Lake City Public Library was named "Library of the Year" by the [[American Library Association]]<ref>http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6341871.html Library Journal article: Library of the Year</ref>.
Postsecondary educational options in Salt Lake City include the [[University of Utah]], [[Westminster College, Salt Lake City|Westminster College]], [[Salt Lake Community College]], [[BYU Salt Lake Center]], [[Eagle Gate College]], and [[LDS Business College]]. There are also many trade and technical schools such as the Utah College of Massage Therapy.
:''See also: [[Salt Lake County, Utah#Education|Salt Lake County - Education]]''
==Culture==
===Museums and the Arts===
[[Image:Gateway Salt Lake 10 08 05.jpg|thumb|right|[[Gateway District]], where the Clark Planetarium is located.]]
Salt Lake is home to several [[museum]]s. Near [[Temple Square]] is the [[Museum of Church History and Art]]. Operated by the [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], the museum contains collections of artifacts, documents, art, photographs, tools, clothing and furniture from the [[History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|history of the LDS Church]], which spans nearly two centuries.
The [[University of Utah]] campus is home to the [[Utah Museum of Fine Arts]] as well as the [[Utah Museum of Natural History]]. West of the university, located at the [[Gateway District]] near downtown, is the [[Clark Planetarium]], which also houses an [[IMAX]] theater. Also in the Gateway District is the [[Discovery Gateway]], a [[children's museum]].
Other museums include the Utah State Historical Society, Daughters of Utah Pioneer Memorial Museum, Fort Douglas Military Museum, and the Social Hall Heritage Museum.
On [[December 5]], [[2007]], the Salt Lake Chamber and Downtown Alliance announced that a two-block section of downtown south of the planned [[City Creek Center]] is planned to become a new arts hub. This will include renovations to two theaters already located in the area, as well as a new theater with a seating capacity of 2,400 and increased space for galleries and artists. The opening of the new facilities are anticipated to coincide with the opening of the City Creek Center in [[2011]].<ref>Page, Jared. [http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695233735,00.html 2 Salt Lake City blocks may become arts hub]. ''Deseret Morning News'', [[December 6]], [[2007]].</ref>
===Performing Arts===
Salt Lake City provides many venues for both professional and amateur theatre. The city attracts many traveling [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] and [[off-Broadway]] performances. Local professional acting companies include the Pioneer Theatre Company, Salt Lake Acting Company, and Plan-B Theatre Company. The Off Broadway Theatre, located in Salt Lake's historic Clift Building, features comedy plays and Utah's longest running [[Improvisational theatre|improv comedy]] troupe, Laughing Stock.
Salt Lake City is the home of the [[Mormon Tabernacle Choir]], founded in 1847. The Choir's weekly program, called ''[[Music and the Spoken Word]]'', is the longest-running continuous network broadcast in the world.<ref>[http://www.musicandthespokenword.com/history.php Music & the Spoken Word — Choir History]</ref> Salt Lake City is also the home to the [[Utah Symphony Orchestra]], which was founded in 1940 by [[Maurice Abravanel]] and has become widely renowned. Its current director is [[Keith Lockhart]]. The orchestra's original home was the [[Salt Lake Tabernacle]], but since the 1990s has performed at [[Abravanel Hall]] in the western downtown area. Salt Lake City area is also home to the award winning children's choir, [[The Salt Lake Children's Choir]]. The Choir was established in 1979 and is directed by Ralph B. Woodward.
The University of Utah is home to two highly-ranked dance departments, the Ballet Department and the [[University of Utah Department of Modern Dance|Department of Modern Dance]]. Professional dance companies in Salt Lake City include [[Ballet West]], Rire Woodbury, and [[Repertory Dance Theatre]].
===Music Scene===
The city has a local [[music]] scene dominated by [[blues]], [[rock and roll]], [[punk rock|punk]], and [[emo]] groups. There are also many clubs which offer musical venues. Popular groups or persons who started in the Wasatch Front area or were raised and influenced by it include [[The Used]], [[Shedaisy]], [[Meg and Dia]], [[The Almost]], [[The Brobecks]] and [[The Summer Obsession]]. In 2004 over 200 bands submitted tracks for a compilation by a local music [[zine]], ''SLUG'' ("Salt Lake Underground"). The 18-year-old free monthly zine trimmed the submissions to 59 selections featuring diverse music types such as [[Hip hop music|hip-hop]], [[jazz]], [[Jazz fusion|jazz-rock]], punk, and a variety of rock and roll.
===Movies and Television===
Many [[film]]s, music videos, commercials, and TV shows have been recorded in the Salt Lake metropolitan area. They include: ''[[SLC Punk!]]'', ''[[Touched By An Angel]]'', ''[[Everwood]]'', ''[[Big Love]]'', ''[[Dawn of the Dead]]'', ''[[Drive Me Crazy]]'', ''[[Forever Strong]]'', ''[[High School Musical]]'', ''[[High School Musical 2]]'', ''[[High School Musical 3]]'', ''[[Unaccompanied Minors]]'', ''[[Dumb and Dumber]]'', ''[[Independence Day]]'', ''[[Poolhall Junkies]]'', ''[[The Brown Bunny]]'', ''[[The World's Fastest Indian]]'', ''[[The Way of the Gun]]'', ''[[Carnival of Souls]]'', ''[[The Amazing Race 8]]'', and [[The Postal Service|The Postal Service's]] ''"[[Such Great Heights]]"''. In 2006 it was revealed that [[Dan Brown]], the author of ''[[The DaVinci Code]]'', was in the city studying the symbols on the [[Salt Lake LDS Temple]] and the [[Salt Lake Masonic Temple]], among other historical buildings, for inclusion in an upcoming book.
===Events===
[[Image:2002 Winter Olympics flame.jpg|thumb|The Olympic flame burns at Rice-Eccles Stadium. Salt Lake City hosted the 2002 Winter Olympics.]]
Although the city is often stereotyped as a predominantly LDS city, it is culturally and religiously diverse. The city is the location of many cultural activities.<ref>[http://salt.lake.city.eventguide.com/ Greater Salt Lake City Annual Events (2005)]. ''EventGuide.network''.</ref> A major state holiday is [[Pioneer Day (Utah)|Pioneer Day]], [[July 24]], the anniversary of the [[Mormon pioneer]]s' entry into the Salt Lake Valley. It is celebrated each year with a week's worth of activities, including a children's parade, a horse parade, the featured [[Days of '47 Parade]] (one of the largest parades in the [[United States]]), a rodeo, and a large fireworks show at Liberty Park.
Salt Lake City has a significant gay population, and the second-largest parade in the city is a [[gay pride parade]], part of the annual [[Utah Pride Festival]] held every June.<ref name="SLC Gay Population"/>
First Night on New Year's Eve, a celebration emphasizing family-friendly entertainment and activities held at [[Rice-Eccles Stadium]] at the University of Utah, culminates with a fireworks display at midnight.
The Greek Festival, held the weekend after Labor Day, celebrates Utah's Greek heritage and is located at the downtown Greek Orthodox Church. The 3-day event includes Greek music, dance groups, Cathedral tours, booths and a large buffet. Attendance ranges from 35,000 - 50,000.
The Utah Arts Festival has been held annually since 1977 with an average attendance of 80,000. About 130 booths are available for visual artists and there are five performance venues for musicians.<ref>[http://www.uaf.org/ Utah Arts Festival]</ref>
Salt Lake City also hosts portions of the [[Sundance Film Festival]]. The festival, which is held each year, brings many cultural icons, movie stars, celebrities, and thousands of film buffs to see the largest independent film festival in the United States. The headquarters of the event is in nearby [[Park City, Utah|Park City]].
Beginning in 2004, Salt Lake City has been the host of the international [[Salt Lake City Marathon]]. In 2006 [[Real Madrid]] and many of the nation's best cyclist had engagements.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,650196508,00.html | title=Tour of Utah takes step forward | author=Jared Eborn | date=2006-10-06 | publisher=[[Deseret Morning News]]}}</ref>
Salt Lake City has begun to host its own events in the last few years, most notably the [http://www.slcityevents.com Friday Night Flicks], free movies in the City's parks, as well as the Mayor's health and fitness awareness program, [http://www.slcgetsfit.com Salt Lake City Gets Fit].
Salt Lake City was host to the [[2002 Winter Olympics]]. At the time of the 2002 Olympics, Salt Lake City was the most populated area to hold a Winter Olympic games. The event put Salt Lake City in the international spotlight and is regarded by many as being one of the most successful winter olympics ever.<ref>"The Salt Lake City Games were by all accounts the most successful Winter Olympics ever." — {{cite news | title=Games Helped to Heal a Nation | author=Linda Fantin | date=2002-09-11 | publisher=[[Salt Lake Tribune]]}}; " Controversies aside, the 2002 Salt Lake games may prove to be the most successful Winter Olympics in recent history." — {{cite news | title= Hey, baby, it's gold outside | author=Betsy Streisand | date=2002-02-25 | publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]]}}.</ref>
To add variety and an international taste to the music fans, events such as the annual [http://www.thyagarajafestival.com Thyagaraja Music Festival of Utah] are held in Salt Lake City.
At [[Dream Theater]]'s Salt Lake City show, Governor [[Jon Huntsman, Jr.]] signed a proclamation making [[July 30th]], 2007 "Dream Theater Day" in the state of Utah.
Beginning in 2005, annual [[Nihon Matsuri]] (Japan Festival) [http://www.nihonmatsuri.org] is opened at Salt Lake City.
===Media===
<!-- Image with inadequate rationale removed: [[Image:Cityweekly.jpg|right|thumb|''[[Salt Lake City Weekly]]'', the largest [[alternative weekly]].]] -->
{{see also|List of Salt Lake City media|Salt Lake City in film}}
Salt Lake City has many diverse [[Mass media|media]] outlets. Most of the major [[television]] and [[radio station]]s are based in or near the city. The Salt Lake City metropolitan area is ranked as the 31st largest radio<ref>[http://www.arbitron.com/radio_stations/mm001050.asp Radio Stations - Arbitron Radio Market Rankings (2005)]. ''Arbitron''. Retrieved January 1, 2005</ref> and 36th largest television<ref>[http://www.nielsenmedia.com/DMAs.html Nielsen Media Research Local Universe Estimates (US)]. ''Nielsen Media Research''. Retrieved December 29, 2004.</ref> market in the United States.
Print media include two major daily newspapers, ''[[The Salt Lake Tribune]]'' and the ''[[Deseret Morning News]]''. Other more specialized publications include ''[[In Utah This Week]]'', ''[[Salt Lake City Weekly]]'', ''Nuestro Mundo'' of the Spanish-speaking community,'' [[QSaltLake]]'' and ''[[The Pillar]]'' for the [[LGBT|LBGT community]]. There are many local magazines, such as ''[[Wasatch Journal]]'' (a quarterly magazine covering Utah's arts, culture, and outdoors)[http://www.thewasatchjournal.com], ''Utah Homes & Garden'' (quarterly), ''Salt Lake Magazine'' (a bimonthly lifestyle magazine), ''[http://www.wasatchwoman.com] Wasatch Woman Magazine'' (a bimonthly magazine spotlighting the successes of local women), and ''[http://www.slugmag.com] Salt Lake Underground (SLUG)]'', an alternative underground music magazine.
[[KTVX]] signed on the air as Utah's first TV station in 1947 under the experimental callsign W6SIX. KTVX is the oldest TV station in the Mountain Time Zone and the third oldest west of the Mississippi. It is the current ABC affiliate.
[[KSL]], the NBC affiliate, has downtown studios at "Broadcast House" in the Triad Center office complex. KSL is operated by a company owned by the LDS Church. [[KUTV]], the CBS affiliate, was recently given a Redevelopment Agency (RDA) grant, and moved its studios to Main Street. Its news desk overlooks the street, with a large window behind the anchor desk. [[KSTU]] is the area's Fox affiliate. [[KUCW]] is the CW affiliate and part of a duopoly with KTVX. [[KJZZ]] is an independent station owned by Utah Jazz owner, Larry Miller and broadcasts Jazz games. KJZZ also carries newscasts produced by KUTV.
Because television and radio stations serve a larger area (usually the entire state of Utah, as well as parts of western [[Wyoming]], southern [[Idaho]], parts of [[Montana]], and eastern [[Nevada]]), ratings returns tend to be higher than those in similar-sized cities. Some Salt Lake radio stations are carried on [[broadcast translator]] networks throughout the state.
Salt Lake City has become a case of [[market saturation]] on the [[FM radio|FM]] dial; one cannot go through more than about two frequencies on an FM [[radio tuner]] before encountering another broadcasting station. A variety of companies, most notably Millcreek Broadcasting and [[Simmons Media Group|Simmons Media]], have constructed [[antenna (radio)|broadcast towers]] on Humpy Peak in the [[Uinta Mountains]] to the east. These towers allow frequencies allocated to nearby mountain communities to be boosted by smaller, low-powered FM transmitters along the Wasatch Front.
==Sites of interest and city architecture==
{{main|Buildings and sites of Salt Lake City, Utah}}
[[Image:1897 Temple Square.jpg|thumb|220px|Temple Square in 1897.]]
[[Image:DSCN8977.JPG|thumb|220 px|The [[Salt Lake City Public Library]]]]
[[Image:SL Cauldron park arch.JPG|thumb|220px|The [[Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park|Olympic Cauldron Park]] at [[Rice-Eccles Stadium]].]]
Salt Lake City is the headquarters for [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church) and has many LDS-related sites open to visitors. The most popular is [[Temple Square]], which includes the [[Salt Lake Temple]] and visitors’ centers that are open to the public, free of charge. Temple Square also includes the historic [[Salt Lake Tabernacle|Tabernacle]], home of the world-famous [[Mormon Tabernacle Choir]]. The modern [[LDS Conference Center]] is across the street to the north. The [[Family History Library]], the largest genealogical library in the world, is located just west of Temple Square. It is run by the LDS Church and is open to the public and free of charge.
In 2004, the Salt Lake City main library received an Institute Honor Award for Architecture by the [[American Institute of Architects]].<ref>http://www.aia.org/gallery_template.cfm?pagename=art%5Fsaltlakecitypubliclibrary American Institute of Architects Institute Honor Award</ref> and features a distinctive architectural style. The roof of the building serves as a viewpoint for the Salt Lake Valley. The [[Utah State Capitol]] Building offers marble floors and a dome similar to that of the building that houses the U.S. Congress. Other notable historical buildings include the [[Thomas Kearns]] Mansion (now the Governor's Mansion), [[Salt Lake City and County Building|City and County Building]], built in 1894, the Kearns Building on Main Street and the Roman Catholic [[Cathedral of the Madeleine]], built in 1909.
Near the mouth of Emigration Canyon lies [[This Is The Place Heritage Park]], which re-creates typical 19th century LDS pioneer life. [[Hogle Zoo]] is located across the street from the park. The city’s largest public park, at over 100 acres, [[Liberty Park]] features a lake with an island in the middle and the Tracy Aviary. The park is home to a large number of birds, both wild and in the aviary. [[Red Butte Garden and Arboretum]], located in the [[foothills]] of Salt Lake features many different exhibits and also hosts many musical concerts. The [[Bonneville Shoreline Trail]] is a popular hiking and biking nature trail which spans ninety miles through the foothills of the [[Wasatch Front]].
The [[Salt Lake 2002 Olympic Cauldron Park|Olympic Cauldron Park]], located at [[Rice-Eccles Stadium]], features the [[Olympic Flame|Olympic Cauldron]] from the games, a visitor's center, and the [[Hoberman Arch]]. The Olympic Legacy Plaza, located at the [[Gateway District]], features a dancing fountain set to music and the names of 30,000 Olympic volunteers carved in stone. The [[Utah Olympic Park]], located near Park City, features the Olympic [[ski jump]]s, as well as [[bobsleigh]], [[luge]], and [[skeleton (sport)|skeleton]] runs. Today, the Olympic Park is used for year-round training and competitions. Visitors to the park can watch the various events that occur and even ride a bobsled. The [[Utah Olympic Oval]], located in nearby [[Kearns, Utah|Kearns]], was home to the [[speed skating]] events and is now open to the public. Other popular Olympic venues include Soldier Hollow, the site of cross-country skiing events, located southeast of Salt Lake near [[Heber, Utah|Heber City]].
Salt Lake City is in close proximity to several world-class ski and summer resorts, including [[Park City Mountain Resort]], [[Deer Valley]], and [[Snowbird ski resort|Snowbird]]. The resorts cater to millions of visitors each year and offer year-round activities.
Salt Lake City is also home to a few major shopping centers. [[Trolley Square]] is an indoor and outdoor mall with many independent art boutiques, restaurants, and national retailers. The buildings housing the shops are renovated [[tram|trolley]] barns with cobblestone streets. The [[Gateway District]], an outdoor shopping mall, is the city’s newest major shopping center and has many national restaurants, clothing retailers, a movie theater, the [[Clark Planetarium]], the [[Discovery Gateway]], a music venue called The Depot, and the Olympic Legacy Plaza.
On [[October 3]], [[2006]], the LDS Church, who owns the [[ZCMI Center Mall]] and Crossroads Mall, both on Main Street, announced plans to demolish the malls, a skyscraper, and several other buildings to make way for the $1 billion [[City Creek Center]] redevelopment. It will combine several new office and residential buildings (one of which will be the third-tallest building in the city) around an outdoor shopping center featuring a stream, fountain, and other outdoor amenities, and is expected to be completed in 2011.<ref>[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,650196045,00.html Downtown rebound: LDS Church unveils plans for 20-acre development]. Doug Smeath, ''Deseret Morning News''.</ref> [[Sugar House, Salt Lake City, Utah|Sugar House]] is a neighborhood with a small town main street shopping area and numerous old parks. [[Sugar House Park]] is the second largest park in the city, and is host to frequent outdoor events and the primary [[Independence Day (United States)|Fourth of July]] fireworks in the city.
Other attractions in or within close proximity to Salt Lake City include the [[Golden Spike National Historic Site]] (where the world's first [[transcontinental railroad]] was joined), the [[Lagoon Amusement Park]], the [[Great Salt Lake]], the [[Bonneville Salt Flats]], Gardner Historic Village, one of the largest dinosaur museums in the U.S. at Thanksgiving Point in [[Lehi, UT|Lehi]], and the world’s largest man-made excavation at [[Bingham Canyon Mine]].
[[Image:100 2600 edited.jpg|thumb|220px|The Holy Trinity Cathedral, more commonly known as the [[Greek Orthodox]] Church building]]
==Sports and recreation==
[[Winter sport]]s, such as [[skiing]] and [[snowboarding]], are popular activities in the [[Wasatch Mountains]] east of Salt Lake City. Eight ski resorts lie within 50 miles (80 km) of the city. [[Alta Ski Area|Alta]], [[Brighton Ski Resort|Brighton]], [[Solitude Mountain Resort]], and [[Snowbird, Utah|Snowbird]] are located in [[Big Cottonwood Canyon|Big]] and [[Little Cottonwood Canyon|Little]] Cottonwood Canyons to the southeast, [[Deer Valley]], [[The Canyons]], and [[Park City Resort]] are located to the east, near [[Park City, Utah|Park City]] in [[Summit County, Utah|Summit County]], and [[Sundance]] is located to the southeast in [[Utah County, Utah|Utah County]]. The ski resorts see frequent storms that deposit light, dry snow due to a phenomenon known as the [[lake effect snow|lake effect]], where storms amplified by the warm waters of the Great Salt Lake precipitate in the Wasatch Mountains. Alta and Deer Valley only allow skiing, while the others allow both skiing and snowboarding. The popularity of the ski resorts has increased nearly 29% since the [[2002 Winter Olympics]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.wolfcreekresort.com/news-SLT-5-17-06.htm | title=Utah's ski industry chalks up another record year for visitors | author=Mike Gorrell |coauthor=Knight Ridder | date=2006-05-16 | publisher=[[The Salt Lake Tribune]]}}</ref>
Most of the ski resorts also offer summer activities. The mountains surrounding Salt Lake City are very popular for [[hiking]], [[camping]], [[rock climbing]], [[mountain biking|mountain]] and [[road biking]], and other related outdoor activities. In addition, the many small reservoirs and rivers in the Wasatch Mountains are popular for [[boating]], [[fishing]], and other water-related activities. Salt Lake City is the primary jumping-off point for exploring the national parks and monuments and rugged terrain of the southern half of the state, as it contains the only international airport in the state.
===Professional sports===
Salt Lake City is home to the [[Utah Jazz]] of the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA), who play their home games in [[EnergySolutions Arena]] and are the only [[Major North American professional sports leagues|top-level professional sports team]] in the state. They have been among the most successful NBA franchises of the last 20 years. The city's other professional sports include [[Real Salt Lake]] of [[Major League Soccer]], the [[Utah Blaze]] of the [[Arena Football League]], and the [[Salt Lake Bees]] of the [[Pacific Coast League]] (minor league baseball).
[[Image:Delta-center.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[EnergySolutions Arena]], formerly known as the Delta Center, has been the home of the [[Utah Jazz]] since 1991.]] [[Image:Energy Solutions Arena Interior.JPG|thumb|right|Interior of the [[EnergySolutions Arena]] ]]
[[Real Salt Lake]] was founded in 2005, and currently plays at [[Rice-Eccles Stadium]] on the [[University of Utah]] campus. An as-of-yet [[Sandy Stadium|unnamed]] [[soccer-specific stadium]] for Real Salt Lake is under construction for the suburb of [[Sandy, Utah|Sandy]] and will finish construction by the 2008 season after undergoing nearly 2 years of funding difficulties.<ref>[http://www.deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,645193551,00.html Salt Lake County plays ball, OKs a deal with Real]. Leigh Dethman, ''Deseret Morning News.''</ref> The [[Utah Blaze]] began play in 2006, and were popular in their first season in [[Utah]], recording the highest average attendance in the league.<ref>[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,635211068,00.html Blaze burn bright with optimism]</ref> The [[Salt Lake Bees]] are the [[Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim]] [[AAA (baseball)|Triple A]] affiliate that play all home games at [[Franklin Covey Field]]. Nearby [[West Valley City, Utah|West Valley City]] has the [[Utah Grizzlies]] ice hockey team of the [[ECHL]]. The new [[American Basketball Association (2000-)|ABA]] league has twice attempted to expand into the city, first with the [[Utah Snowbears]] in the 2004-05 season (which folded after reaching the quarterfinals of the playoffs) and later with the [[Salt Lake Dream]] (who folded before ever playing a game). The [[Continental Basketball Association]] (CBA) also attempted an expansion with the [[Utah Eagles]], who folded halfway through the 2006-07 season. The [[Utah Starzz]] of the [[WNBA]] were once located within the city, but moved to [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]] and became the [[San Antonio Silver Stars|Silver Stars]] after reaching the playoffs just once and struggling with attendance.
The current [[professional sports]] in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Club
!Sport
!League
!Venue
!Established
|-
|[[Utah Jazz]]
|[[Basketball]]
|[[National Basketball Association]]
|[[EnergySolutions Arena]]
|1974 (moved to Utah in 1979)
|-
|[[Utah Blaze]]
|[[Arena Football]]
|[[Arena Football League]]
|[[EnergySolutions Arena]]
|2006
|-
|[[Real Salt Lake]]
|[[Soccer]]
|[[Major League Soccer]]
|[[Rice-Eccles Stadium]]
|2005
|-
|[[Utah Grizzlies]]
|[[Ice Hockey]]
|[[ECHL]]
|[[E Center]]
|1995 (current incarnation in 2005)
|-
|[[Salt Lake Bees]]
|[[Baseball]]
|[[Pacific Coast League]]
|[[Franklin Covey Field]]
|1994
|}
Utah lacks a professional [[American football|football]] team of its own, and [[college football]] is very popular in the state. The [[University of Utah]] and [[Brigham Young University]] both maintain large followings in the city, and [[Utah-BYU rivalry|rivalries]] are intense during the annual game between the two universities. This is sometimes referred to as the [[Holy War (Utah vs. BYU)|Holy War]] because of BYU's status as an LDS university and despite the fact that Utah is a secular university. The city has also played host to several international soccer games, with the US as the home team (due to the partisan support when playing Latin American teams).
==Transportation==
{{main|Transportation in Salt Lake City}}
===Roads===
[[Image:Slccapitol.jpg|thumb|right|Utah State Capitol Building. State Street begins at the structure.]]
There are four major freeways located within Salt Lake City. [[Interstate 15 (Utah)|Interstate 15]] runs north-south just west of downtown, while [[Interstate 80 (Utah)|Interstate 80]] enters near the airport and briefly merges with I-15 west of downtown before heading east through residential neighborhoods into [[Parley's Canyon]]. [[Utah State Route 201|State Route 201]] (the 2100 South Freeway, as it's locally known) runs east-west along the border with [[West Valley City, Utah|West Valley City]]; and [[Interstate 215 (Utah)|Interstate 215]], a beltway, traverses the city's northwest and west neighborhoods and encircles the city's southern suburbs. SR-201, I-15, and I-80 bisect one another at the "spaghetti bowl" just south of the city in neighboring [[South Salt Lake, Utah|South Salt Lake]].
An additional freeway, known as the [[Mountain View Corridor]], which is part of the [[Legacy Highway]] system, is proposed to reduce growing congestion and accommodate rapidly-growing population along the west side of the [[Salt Lake Valley]], with construction set to begin as early as 2008 and completion after 2015. The first portion of the Legacy Highway system, known as [[Legacy Parkway]], has begun construction as of November 2006 and will connect into [[Interstate 215 (Utah)|I-215]] just north of the city borders by 2008. This highway is expected to significantly reduce congestion on [[I-15]] into [[Davis County, Utah|Davis County]]. [[Utah State Route 154|State Route 154]] (Bangerter Highway) is an expressway that provides access to the rapidly growing western and southern cities of the Salt Lake Valley, beginning at [[Salt Lake City International Airport]]. [[U.S. Route 89 (Utah)|U.S. Route 89]] enters from Davis County parallel to I-15 before heading southeast into downtown. In downtown, US-89 becomes State Street and extends south as the main surface street through the center of the city. Both SR-154 and US-89 connect to I-15 at the far south end of the valley.
===Public transportation===
[[Image:Ski racks on Salt Lake City bus.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A Utah Transit Authority bus with ski racks.]]
[[Image:SL trax.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Northern Trax and neighborhood proximity map.]]
Salt Lake City's [[public transport|mass transit]] service is operated by the [[Utah Transit Authority]] (UTA) and includes light rail and bus routes (with the addition of [[commuter rail]] in 2008). The 19-mile [[light rail]] system, called [[UTA TRAX|TRAX]], consists of two lines originating downtown, one heading south to [[Sandy, Utah|Sandy]] and the other splitting east to the [[University of Utah]]. Daily ridership averages 42,500 (as of the first quarter of 2007),<ref>[http://www.apta.com/research/stats/ridership/riderep/documents/07q1lr.pdf Q1 2007 light rail ridership report]</ref> significantly above original projections, and is the [[List of United States Light Rail systems by ridership|eleventh-most ridden light rail system in the country]], but also the [[List of United States Light Rail systems by ridership|fifth-most ridden system]] by mile. TRAX began service on [[December 4]], [[1999]]. The University Line opened in 2001 and was extended in 2003 to its current terminus at the University Medical Center. Both lines begin at the [[Salt Lake City Intermodal Hub]] downtown; the University Line splits east at 400 South. The system has a total of 28 stations (with 17 of them in Salt Lake City proper), with 13 more currently under construction.
The [[Salt Lake City Intermodal Hub]], near the [[Gateway District]], was opened in 2005. The purpose of the Intermodal Hub is to serve as a central station for national, commuter, and light rail as well as national and local bus services. It is currently occupied by [[Greyhound Lines|Greyhound]]; [[Amtrak]] is expected to be a future tenant, as well. An extension of the TRAX line from the EnergySolutions Arena through the Gateway District to the Intermodal Hub was completed in April 2008.
Future TRAX lines to other Salt Lake City suburbs, as well as to the airport, are also planned. A sales tax hike for road improvements, light rail, and commuter rail was approved on [[November 7]], 2006.<ref>[http://deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,650205317,00.html Transit measures approved]. Nicole Warburton, ''Deseret Morning News.''</ref> In addition, $500 million in federal funding has been approved for all four of the planned TRAX extensions in addition to an extension of FrontRunner south to [[Provo, Utah|Provo]]. The letter of intent signed with the [[Federal Transit Administration]] will allow all of these projects to begin construction soon, some as early as [[2008]].<ref>[http://www.desnews.com/cgi-bin/cqcgi_plus/@plus.env?CQ_SESSION_KEY=QONBBZRFUXBH&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=15&CQ_TEXT_MAIN=YES UTA on track for U.S. funds]. Nicole Warburton, ''Deseret Morning News''.</ref> It is expected that all of these projects will be complete by [[2014]].<ref>[http://www.desnews.com/cgi-bin/cqcgi_plus/@plus.env?CQ_SESSION_KEY=QONBBZRFUXBH&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=44&CQ_TEXT_MAIN=YES UTA setting end dates on TRAX construction]. ''Deseret Morning News.''</ref>
UTA also operates an extensive bus system that extends throughout the [[Wasatch Front]] from [[Brigham City, Utah|Brigham City]] in the north to [[Santaquin, Utah|Santaquin]] in the south and as far west as [[Grantsville, Utah|Grantsville]]. UTA also operates routes to the ski resorts in [[Big Cottonwood Canyon|Big]] and [[Little Cottonwood Canyon|Little]] Cottonwood Canyons during the ski season (typically November to April). Approximately 60,000 people ride the bus daily, although ridership has reportedly declined since TRAX was constructed.<ref>[http://www.sltrib.com/News/ci_8658942 Salt Lake Tribune - Bus riders press for probe of UTA]. [[March 22]], [[2008]].</ref>
[[Amtrak]], the national passenger rail system, provides service to [[Salt Lake City (Amtrak station)|Salt Lake City]], operating its [[California Zephyr]] daily in both directions between [[Union Station (Chicago)|Chicago]] and [[Emeryville, California]] across the bay from [[San Francisco]]. [[Greyhound Bus Lines]] serves Salt Lake City as well, providing access north-to-south through Utah along the I-15 corridor.
===Air Transportation===
[[Salt Lake City International Airport]] is located approximately 4 mi (6 km) west of downtown. [[Delta Air Lines]] operates its third largest [[airline hub|hub]] at the airport, serving over 100 non-stop destinations throughout the United States, [[Mexico]], and [[Canada]]. Daily non-stop service to [[Paris, France]] began in June 2008. [[SkyWest]] operates its largest hub at the airport as [[Delta Connection]], and serves 243 cities as Delta Connection and [[United Express]]. The airport is served by 4 UTA bus routes, and plans are in the works for a future light rail route. Ute Cab, City Cab, and [[Yellow Cab]] are the major [[taxicab|taxi]] services, and Express Shuttle is a major shuttle company servicing the city and metro area. A total of 22,029,488 passengers flew through Salt Lake City International Airport in 2007, representing a 2.19 % increase over 2006.<ref name="2007stats">2007 Salt Lake City International Airport Statistics[http://www.slcairport.com/cmsdocuments/airstats2007_12.pdf] Retrieved on [[2008-03-05]].</ref> The airport currently ranks as the twenty second busiest airport in the [[United States]] in terms of total passengers.<ref name="fastfacts">Salt Lake City Department of Airports Fast Facts[http://www.slcairport.com/fast_facts.html] Retrieved on [[2008-03-05]].</ref>
The city is also close in proximity to two additional airports, one being [[Skypark Airport|Bountiful-Skypark Airport]], located approximately seven miles northwest of downtown in [[Woods Cross, Utah|Woods Cross]], the other being [[Salt Lake City Municipal 2 Airport]], located in [[West Jordan, Utah|West Jordan]]. These airports are primarily used for [[general aviation]] purposes.
==Sister cities==
Salt Lake City has several [[sister cities]],<ref>[http://www.sister-cities.org/icrc/directory/usa/UT Online Directory: Utah, USA (2005)]. ''Sister Cities International''.</ref> including:
{| class="wikitable" "text-align:left;font-size:100%;"|
|-
! style="background: #810541; color: #FFFFFF" ! |
! style="background: #810541; color: #FFFFFF" height="17" width="150" | Country
! style="background: #810541; color: #FFFFFF" ! |
! style="background: #810541; color: #FFFFFF" ! width="150" | City
! style="background: #810541; color: #FFFFFF" ! |
! style="background: #810541; color: #FFFFFF" ! width="200" | County / District / Region / State
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | {{flagicon|Bolivia}}
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Bolivia]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! |
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Oruro, Bolivia|Oruro]]'''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Zagreb zastava.gif|25px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[Oruro Department]]''
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | {{flagicon|Republic of Ireland}}
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! |
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Thurles]]'''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! |
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[County Tipperary]]''
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | {{flagicon|Italy}}
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Italy]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Torino-Stemma.png|10px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Turin]]'''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Piemonte.svg|25px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[Piedmont]]''
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | {{flagicon|Japan}}
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Japan]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Flag of Matsumoto, Nagano.png|22px]]
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Matsumoto, Nagano|Matsumoto]] '''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! |
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[Nagano Prefecture]]''
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | {{flagicon|Philippines}}
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Philippines]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Quezon City Flag.jpg|25px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Quezon City]]'''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! |
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[Metro Manila|National Capital Region]]''
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|20px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Republic of China|Taiwan]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Keelung flag.png|25px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Keelung City]]'''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Taipei County flag.png|25px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[Taipei County]]''
|-
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | {{flagicon|Ukraine}}
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Ukraine]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Chernovtsy.jpg|18px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFCF; color: #000000" ! | '''[[Chernivtsi]]'''
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | [[Image:Flag of Chernivtsi Oblast.png|25px|]]
! style="background: #FFFFEF; color: #000000" ! | ''[[Chernivtsi Oblast]]''
|}
==Notable residents==
<!-- When adding names, please put in alphabetical order -->
*[[Ross C. ("Rocky") Anderson]], former SLC mayor and anti-war, anti-Bush pundit
*[[Parley Baer]], actor
*[[Roseanne Barr]], comedian, actress, and writer (former resident)
*[[The Brobecks]], indie rock band which received critical acclaim from Spin and URB mgazine as well as other musicians (based in Salt Lake City)
*[[Robert Foster Bennett|Robert Bennett]], Junior Senator of [[Utah]]
*[[Jaime Bergman]], actress, former Playmate (former resident)
*[[Craig Bolerjack]], national sports personality
*[[Neal Cassady]], icon of the Beat Generation of the 1950s and the psychedelic movement of the 1960s, who inspired the character of [[Dean Moriarty]] in [[Jack Kerouac]]'s classic [[On the Road]](born in Salt Lake City)
*[[Jeremy Horn]], mixed martial artist
*[[Derek Hough]], professional dancer on [[Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV Series)|Dancing With the Stars]]
*[[Jon Huntsman, Jr.]], governor of Utah
*[[Jon Huntsman, Sr.]], billionaire philanthropist of [[Huntsman Corporation]]
*[[Thomas Kearns]], 1900's millionaire, mining & railroad magnate, philanthropist, U.S. Senator and owner of [[Salt Lake Tribune]]
*[[Dick Nourse]], KSL television news anchor (retired late Nov. 2007)
*[[Claude Nowell]] aka Corky King, founder of [[Summum]]
*[[Maddox]], [[writer]], [[List of humorists|humorist]], [[Satire|satirist]], [[webmaster]], [[comic book creator]]
*[[Mick Morris]], bass player for Orange County hardcore band, [[Eighteen Visions]]
*[[Karl Rove]], political strategist(former resident)
*[[Cael Sanderson]], four Year undefeated NCAA wrestler and gold medalist in the 2004 Olympics in freestyle wrestling (former resident)
*[[Dell Schanze]], entrepreneur
*[[Elizabeth Smart]], kidnapping victim that made national headlines 2002-2003
*[[Kaycee Stroh]], who plays [[Martha Cox]] on [[High School Musical]] and [[High School Musical 2]]
*[[Ruth Todd]], KSL and KTVX television news anchor (semi-retired Feb. 2007)
*[[Ryne Sanborn]], who plays [[Jason Cross]] on [[High School Musical]] and [[High School Musical 2]] and known as the child of light at the [[2002 Winter Olympics]].
*[[Anne Wingate]], mystery writer
*[[David Zabriskie]], professional cyclist, 2005 [[Tour de France]] stage 1 winner
==See also==
*[[2002 Winter Olympics]]
*[[Great Salt Lake]]
*[[Utah Jazz]] (NBA Basketball)
*[[Real Salt Lake]] (MLS Soccer)
*[[List of famous Salt Lakers]]
*[[Salt Lake City Tornado]]
*[[Trolley Square shooting]]
*[[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints]]
*[[Temple Square]]
*[[USS Salt Lake City]] (Ships of the United States Navy named ''"Salt Lake City"'').
*[[Seal of Salt Lake City]]
==Sources==
{{reflist|2}}
==References==
*{{cite book | title=Grace & Grandeur: A History of Salt Lake City | author=Alexander, Thomas G. | year=2001 | publisher=Heritage Media Corp | id=ISBN 1-886483-60-4}}
*{{cite book | title=Mormons & Gentiles: A History of Salt Lake City | author=Thomas G. Alexander and James B. Allen | year=1984 | publisher=Pruett Publishing Co | id=ISBN 0-87108-664-6}}
*{{cite book | title=[[World Book Encyclopedia]] | author=Bagley, Will | year=2004 | publisher=World Book Inc | id=ISBN 0-7166-0104-4 | edition=S-Sn | pages=76-76a}}
*{{cite book | title=The Gathering Place: An Illustrated History of Salt Lake City | author=McCormick, John S. | year=2000 | publisher=Signature Books | id=ISBN 1-56085-132-5}}
*{{cite book | title=Insiders' Guide: Salt Lake City | author=Rainey, Virginia | year=2004 | publisher=Globe Pequot Press | id=ISBN 0-7627-2836-1 | edition=4th}}
*Stober, Daniel (2004). [http://members.aol.com/utahhwyp/strtname.htm Utah Street Names]. Retrieved 2004.
*{{cite news | first=Terry | last=McCarthy | title=The New Utah | date=February 03, 2002 | publisher=Time.com | url=http://www.time.com/time/olympics2002/article/0,8599,198870,00.html }}
*[http://www.slcgov.com/info/area_info/climate.htm Area Information - Salt Lake City's Climate (1991)]. ''slcgov.com''. Retrieved March 2005.
*[http://www.slcgov.com/info/area_info/employment.htm Area Information - Employment (2002)]. ''slcgov.com''. Retrieved March 2005.
*[http://www.slcgov.com/info/area_info/faq_new.htm Area Information - FAQ (2005)]. ''slcgov.com''. Retrieved March 2005.
*[http://www.governor.state.ut.us/dea/CCBrief3.pdf Cities and Counties of Utah Census Brief (May 2001)]. Retrieved April 15, 2005 (PDF file).
*[http://ols.nndc.noaa.gov/plolstore/plsql/olstore.prodspecific?prodnum=C00095-PUB-A0001#TABLES Comparative Climatic Data Publication - Data Tables]. ''NOAA National Data Centers - NOAA Satellites and Information''. Retrieved November 2004.
*[http://www.slcgov.com/info/area_info/salt_lake_city.htm Salt Lake City History (2004)]. ''slcgov.com''. Retrieved September 2004.
*[http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579320/Salt_Lake_City.html Salt Lake City (2005)]. ''Encarta Encyclopedia''. Retrieved March 2005.
*[http://www.mormontabernaclechoir.com The Official Site of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir]. ''Official Website of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir.'' Retrieved May 2006.
*{{Citation
| last=Tullidge
| first=Edward W.
| title=History of Salt Lake City
| year=1886
| place=Salt Lake City
| publisher=Star Printing Co.
| pages=140–44
| url=http://books.google.com/books?id=fNkBAAAAMAAJ
}}.
== External links ==
{{Commons|Salt Lake City}}
{{portalpar|Utah|Flag of Utah.svg}}
{{portal|Latter-day Saints|Christus statue temple square salt lake city.jpg| 40}}
*[http://www.slcgov.com/ Salt Lake City government website]
*[http://www.saltlakechamber.org/ Salt Lake City Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://www.utahstories.com/transcript_second_Instalment_main%20street.htm History of downtown Salt Lake City told from the perspective of the long-time local merchants]
*[http://www.downtownslc.org/ The Downtown Alliance (tourist, resident, and potential resident guide to downtown area)]
*[http://www.downtownrising.com/index.php Downtown Rising (information on the current $1.5 billion construction projects in downtown)]
*[http://www.arttix.org/ artTix (fine-art events information)]
*[http://travel.utah.gov/ The Utah Office of Tourism]
*[http://www.slcjazzfestival.org/ Salt Lake City International Jazz Festival]
*[http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/slc/ National Weather Service - Salt Lake City]
*[http://www.visitsaltlake.com/ Salt Lake Convention & Visitors Bureau]
*[http://yellowsubterfuge.com/gallivan-center-guide-salt-lake-city/ Salt Lake Gallivan Center Guide]
*[http://www.gastronomicslc.com Gastronomic SLC - Independent restaurant guide to Salt Lake City]
*{{wikitravelpar|Salt Lake City}}
{{Geolinks-US-cityscale|40.7547|-111.892622}}
{{Salt Lake County, Utah}}
{{Utah}}
{{United States state capitals}}
{{Salt Lake City}}
{{Olympic Winter Games Host Cities}}
[[Category:Wasatch Front]]
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