Saskatoon
178796
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2008-07-16T22:28:02Z
Futurama101
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/* Transportation */
{{otherusesof|Saskatoon}}
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{{Infobox Settlement
|official_name = Saskatoon
|other_name =
|native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
|nickname = The Bridge City, The Hub City, Toontown, POW City
|settlement_type = <!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|motto =
|image_skyline = Saskatoon_Skyline_Night.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Saskatoon skyline at night
|image_flag = Ca-sk-sa.gif
|flag_size =
|image_seal = Saskatoon Coat of Arms.svg
|seal_size =
|image_shield =
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|image_map = Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Location.png
|mapsize = 190px
|map_caption = Location of Saskatoon (indicated by the red star)
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Canada
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = [[Saskatchewan]]
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|subdivision_name2 =
|subdivision_type3 =
|subdivision_name3 =
|subdivision_type4 =
|subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title =[[List of mayors of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Mayor]]
|leader_name =[[Don Atchison]]
|leader_title1 = Governing body
|leader_name1 =[[Saskatoon City Council]]
|leader_title2 =[[Members of the Canadian House of Commons|MP]]
|leader_name2 ={{Collapsible list
|title = List of MPs
|title_style =
|list_style =
|1 = [[Carol Skelton]]
|2 = [[Brad Trost]]
|3 = [[Maurice Vellacott]]
|4=[[Lynne Yelich]]
}}
|leader_title3 =[[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|MLAs]]
|leader_name3 ={{Collapsible list
|title = List of MLAs
|title_style =
|list_style =
|1=[[Pat Atkinson]]
|2=[[Cam Broten]]
|3=[[Lorne Calvert]]
|4=[[Ken Cheveldayoff]]
|5=[[David Forbes (politician)|David Forbes]]
|6=[[Andy Iwanchuk]]
|7=[[Judy Junor]]
|8=[[Serge LeClerc]]
|9=[[Don Morgan]]
|10=[[Rob Norris]]
|11=[[Frank Quennell]]
|12=[[Joceline Schriemer]]
|13 =
}}
|leader_title4 =
|leader_name4 =
|established_title = Establishment
|established_date = 1883
|established_title2 = Incorporation
|established_date2 = 1906
|established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
|established_date3 =
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|area_footnotes =<ref name=cityquickfacts>[http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/quick_facts/index.asp City of Saskatoon Quick Facts]</ref>
|area_total_km2 = 144
|area_land_km2 =
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|population_as_of = June 30, 2007
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total = 202,340 ([[List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population|23rd]])<sup>1</sup>
|population_density_km2 = 1305.5
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_metro = 233,923 ([[List of the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada|17th]])
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|timezone = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset = -6
|timezone_DST =
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|latd=52 |latm=07 |lats=54 |latNS=N
|longd=106 |longm=39 |longs=09 |longEW=W
|elevation_footnotes = <ref name=cityquickfacts/>
|elevation_m = 481.5
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code =
|area_code =306
|blank_name =[[GDP per capita]]
|blank_info =C$26,551 (est. 2005)
|blank1_name =Income per household
|blank1_info =C$41,991 (est. 2005)
|blank2_name ='''[[Help:IPA English pronunciation key|Pronunciation]]'''
|blank2_info ={{IPA|/ˌsæskəˈtuːn/}}
|website = [http://www.saskatoon.ca/ City of Saskatoon Official Website]
|footnotes = 1 Source: [[Canada 2006 Census]]<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/popdwell/Table.cfm?T=301&S=3&O=D Population and dwelling counts, for Canada and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data]</ref>
}} <!-- Infobox ends -->
'''Saskatoon''' is a city located in central [[Saskatchewan]], [[Canada]], on the [[South Saskatchewan River]], with a [[metropolitan area|metropolitan]] population of 233,923. Saskatoon is the most populous city in the [[province]] of Saskatchewan, and has been since the mid-1980s when it surpassed the provincial capital of [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]].<ref name=growth>[http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/city_planning/resources/population/population_2006-2011.pdf City of Saskatoon Population Projection 2006-2011], p. 11, Figure 10.</ref> Residents of Saskatoon are called ''Saskatonians''.
Saskatoon is known as "Bridge City" for its seven river crossings.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.theweathernetwork.com/index.php?product=travellers&pagecontent=CASK0276 | publisher=[[The Weather Network]] | accessdate=2008-06-16 | title=Travel: Saskatoon }}</ref> The name comes from the [[Cree language|Cree]] inanimate noun "[[Saskatoon berry|misâskwatômina]]," which refers to a sweet, violet-coloured berry that grows in the area.
==History==
{{main|History of Saskatoon}}
The first permanent settlement of Saskatoon was established in 1883 when [[Toronto]] [[Methodist]]s, wanting to escape the liquor trade in that city, decided to set up a "dry" community in the rapidly-growing [[Prairie]] region. The settlers, led by [[John Lake (settler)|John Lake]], arrived on the site of what is now Saskatoon having traveled by railway from [[Ontario]] to [[Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan]], completing the final leg via horse-drawn cart (the railway had yet to be completed to Saskatoon). The city, however, celebrated its centennial in 1982, as the initial location for the settlement was identified in 1882.
In 1885 the [[Northwest Rebellion]] affected the tiny community in a variety of ways. [[Chief Whitecap]] and [[Charles Trottier]] passed through the present day University campus on their way to join [[Louis Riel]]'s armed forces at [[Batoche, Saskatchewan]]. Following the fighting at the [[Battle of Fish Creek]], and the [[Battle of Batoche]], wounded Canadian soldiers convalesced at the [[Marr Residence]] which is today a historic site. A few died in care and were buried in the [[Pioneer Cemetery]] near the Exhibition Grounds.
A town charter for the west side of the river was obtained in 1903 ([[Nutana, Saskatoon|Nutana]] became a village in that year). In 1906 Saskatoon became a city with a population of 4,500, which included the communities of Saskatoon, Riversdale, and Nutana. In 1955 Montgomery Place and in 1956 the neighbouring town of [[Sutherland, Saskatoon|Sutherland]] were [[annexation|annexed]] by the fast growing City of Saskatoon.<ref>[http://www.scs.sk.ca/saskatoon100/teachers/documents/The%20Sentinel%20-%20January2006.doc The Sentinel January 2006, This Month in History] URL accessed February 2, 2007</ref>
==Demographics==
[[Image:Saskatoon-neighborhood.jpg|300px|right|thumb|A Saskatoon neighbourhood ([[Buena Vista, Saskatoon|Buena Vista]])]]
The 2006 [[census]] listed Saskatoon as the largest city of Saskatchewan with a residential population of 202,340, which grew 2.8 per cent from 2001.<ref name=cbcmar13>[http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2007/03/13/sask-cities.html Saskatoon population up 2.8%, Regina up 0.6%], CBC News (Canadian Press), [[March 13]], [[2007]].</ref> As of 2005, the civic government of Saskatoon claimed a population of approximately 220,000. The above land area figure was provided by the City of Saskatoon in January 2006 and takes into account recent annexations. Currently, the City of Saskatoon claims a population of 208,300 as of Dec 31, 2007 <ref>http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/quick_facts/index.asp</ref> the most recent data on its website to spring 2008.
According to the 2001 census, some one in five people, or 20.6 per cent of the population, consists of youths under the age of 14, while those over 65 constitute only 11.8 per cent of the population. The median age of Saskatoon residents is 34.4 years of age, three years younger than [[Canada]] as a whole. Saskatoon is growing at an annual rate of 0.62 per cent between 1996 and 2001. The 2001 census lists the residential population of Saskatoon as 196,861. <ref name=cbcmar13/>
{{Canada_CP_2006|pop=202,340|popDelta=+2.8%|
landArea=170.83|popDensity=1184.4|popRank=17|medianAge=34.3|medianAgeM=33.1|medianAgeF=35.5|
privateDwell=89,646|privateDwellusual=84,384|medianHHIncome=41,991}}
'''Ethno-cultural Groups[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=58628&METH=1&APATH=3&PTYPE=55440&THEME=44&FREE=0&AID=0&FOCUS=0&VID=0&GC=99&GK=NA&SC=1&CPP=99&SR=1&RL=0&RPP=9999&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0&GID=431629]'''
*[[White Canadian]]: 190,120 or 85.39%
*[[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal]]: 19,900 or 8.93%
*[[Han Chinese|Chinese]]: 3,725 or 1.65%
*[[South Asian]]: 1,730 or 0.77%
*[[Other]]: 2,600 or 1.16%
The majority of Saskatoon's inhabitants profess to be of [[Christian]] faith. A large contingent of people also do not profess a faith at all. Some 78.5% profess to be [[Christian]], mostly [[Protestant]] and [[Roman Catholic]]. Minority faiths include [[Buddhism]], [[Judaism]], [[Hinduism]], and [[Islam]], who do not constitute 1 per cent combined.
===First Nations===
The Saskatoon area was inhabited long before any permanent settlement was established, to which the ongoing archæological work at Wanuskewin Heritage Park and other locations bears witness. Canada's [[First Nations]] population has been increasingly urbanized, and nowhere is that more apparent than in Saskatoon, where the First Nations population increased by 382% from 1981 to 2001<ref name=statscan1>[http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=89-613-MIE2005008 Aboriginal Conditions in Census Metropolitan Areas, 1981-2001], Statistics Canada, ISBN 0-662-40884-5, Table 1.</ref>; however, a portion of this increase, possibly as much as half, is believed to be due to more people identifying themselves as Aboriginal in the census rather than migration or birth rate. Saskatoon has a higher percentage of First Nations population than any other major Canadian city<ref name=statscan3>[http://www.statcan.ca/bsolc/english/bsolc?catno=89-613-MIE2005008 Aboriginal Conditions in Census Metropolitan Areas, 1981-2001], Statistics Canada, ISBN 0-662-40884-5, Figure 3.</ref> at nearly 9%, although Winnipeg and Regina both exceed 8%; in certain neighbourhoods such as [[Pleasant Hill, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Pleasant Hill]], this percentage exceeds 40%.
==Crime==
Saskatoon has had an ongoing problem with a high crime rate. The 2006 census crime data, released [[July 18]], [[2007]], has Saskatoon leading Canada in [[violent crime]], with 1,606 violent crimes per 100,000 residents annually. Saskatoon leads the country in [[sexual assaults]] as well. <ref>http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070718/d070718b.htm</ref> [[Maclean's]] Magazine, a national publication, rated Saskatoon as the second most dangerous city in the country, next to [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]], and stated that Regina, Saskatoon and [[Winnipeg]] would be among the ten most dangerous [[United States|American]] cities in violent crime and robberies. <ref>http://www.macleans.ca/canada/national/article.jsp?content=20080312_110944_110944</ref>
==Economy==
[[Image:SaskatoonDownTown.jpg|400px|thumb|Downtown view from across the South Saskatchewan River and the Broadway Bridge]]
===Recent Growth===
GDP Growth over 2006-2007 : According to an [[April 28]] [[2008]] release by Statistics Canada, actual economic growth in Saskatchewan for 2007 was disappointing and much less than expected, with real GDP growth at 2.8%, the lowest of the western Canadian provinces, after losing 0.4% of GDP in 2006 <ref>http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080428/d080428a.htm</ref> This is far below forecasts by the Royal Bank and others which had predicted economic growth to reach up to 4.8% in 2007, prompting some to rebrand "Saskaboom" as "Saskabust".<ref>http://www.teamfisher.com/blogs/norm_fisher/archive/2008/04/30/saskatchewan-economy-underperforms-on-expectations.aspx</ref>. However, conflicting data released by the Conference Board of Canada pegs real GDP growth at 5.5% for 2007, ranking it #1 out of 13 CMAs.<ref>Saskatoon: Metropolitan Outlook 1, Spring 2008, p.4</ref>
Population Growth & cost of living : In 2006-2007 Saskatoon has increased growth due to the influx of inter-provincial migrants, who were drawn to the previously low cost of living in the region. This has caused housing starts to hit their highest level in over 30 years as of February 2008.<ref>[http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/story.html?id=e642ba30-1bd3-4ce1-94fe-ccc806bb05e9&k=12393 Housing starts keep building<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Saskatoon's overall economic output was predicted to have increased by 4.7% in 2007, however, the new Statistics Canada numbers above show actual growth was much less than predicted, at 2.8%<ref>http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/080428/d080428a.htm</ref> and real estate costs have risen about 50% in 2007 alone, decreasing the previous cost of living advantage <ref>[http://www.thestar.com/article/302452 TheStar.com | Business | Housing boom in Saskatoon<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/170863975.html Saskatoon reigns as Canada's fastest growing metropolitan economy in 2007<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> and making housing in Saskatoon more expensive than Edmonton, while wages in Saskatoon remain significantly lower than Calgary, Edmonton, Regina and Winnipeg.<ref>http://www.royallepage.ca/CMSTemplates/AboutUs/Company/CompanyTemplate.aspx?id=1746</ref><ref>http://www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/cp-income-stats/</ref> The rising house costs have caused great strain to lower income families who can no longer afford the high living costs. Many renters have been forced out of their place of residence due to recent condo conversions and rental vacancy rates have dropped to 0.6% as of October 2007.<ref>[http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/third_page/story.html?id=7fdf9acf-543f-4ee7-b4f3-90a39ef8b6c0 Council considers condo fee<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/story.html?id=65aaaf95-12b1-476e-9696-564c5e3230c4&k=97468 Condo conversions face fewer barriers in Saskatoon: report<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> This recent growth has made Saskatoon one of the fastest growing cities in North America. Finally, while wages grew at just over 20% total between 2000 and 2005, Saskatchewan still has the third lowest annual wages of any Canadian province, exceeding only Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick according to data released [[May 1]] [[2008]] <ref>http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/story.html?id=66c61861-d1ad-4abb-9fda-0ac8238f4107&k=19194</ref>. Wages in Saskatoon have traditionally been significantly lower than nearby Regina.
Projections for 2008 and beyond : According to the above-cited Conference Board outlook, "Although output growth in Saskatoon will cool to 3.5 per cent in 2008, following 2007’s 5.5 per cent outburst, it will still be strong by
historical standards. Employment will post similarly slower but still-positive growth. Accordingly, net in-migration will continue, but at a more sustainable pace. Prices, especially for real estate, are jumping; 2008 will see the Consumer Price Index advance 3.6 per cent, the fastest rate since 1991".<ref>Saskatoon: Metropolitan Outlook 1, Spring 2008, p.4</ref>
===Scientific research===
Saskatoon has an [[agricultural biotechnology]] research base.<ref>[http://www.ir.gov.sk.ca/Default.aspx?DN=4732,5392,3038,2936,Documents Department of Industry and Resources]</ref> Some of this research takes place at [[Innovation Place Research Park]] and the [[University of Saskatchewan]] (U of S). The U of S hosts the [[Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization]] (VIDO) that conducts infectious diseases research to develop [[infectious disease]]s controls for humans and animals.
The University of Saskatchewan is also home to the [[Saskatchewan Isotope Laboratory]], which studies environmental and climate change around the world. These studies provide secular records of environmental change that are critical to developing more accurate models of future environmental and climate variability that will dictate the economic well-being of the Prairie Provinces over the coming decades.
The U of S campus is the major employer in the city. As well, the campus is home to the [[Canadian Light Source]], which is the largest scientific project completed in Canada in over 50 years. The 179 million dollar project resulted in a national [[synchrotron]] radiation facility that is used for a wide range of world-class scientific research.
===Mining===
The world's largest publicly traded [[uranium]] company, [[Cameco]], and the world's largest [[potash]] producer, [[PotashCorp]], have corporate headquarters in Saskatoon. Nearly two-thirds of the world's recoverable potash reserves are located in the Saskatoon region.<ref name=cityquickfacts/> Uranium plays an important role in Saskatoon's economy, with the city also hosting [[Areva NC|AREVA NC]] Canadian headquarters (a subsidiary of France-based [[AREVA]]). Many medium-sized mining companies also have their head office or regional offices in Saskatoon, such as Shore Gold, [[Denison Mines]], Great West Exploration, and Claude Resources.
===Food processing ===
[[Food processing]] is an important industry in Saskatoon. The city is the headquarters of Mitchell's Gourmet Foods, formerly known as Intercontinental Packers, which produces the Olympic Fine Meats line of products and is one of Canada's largest meat processors, employing more than 1,400 people. {{Fact|date=February 2008}} However, in late 2006, [[Maple Leaf Foods]], owners of Mitchell's, announced it would be closing down its major plant in Saskatoon resulting in the loss of approximately 450 local jobs, along with an additional 350 jobs that were expected to be created by the construction of a new Mitchell's "kill plant" in the city's north end.<ref>[http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/story.html?id=6f529f42-0ae0-48a7-9fd9-044ae76c8b81&k=56849 Maple Leaf axes jobs, plant plans<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/canada/saskatchewan/story/2007/03/01/hogs.html Maple Leaf to lay off hundreds at Saskatoon hog plant<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Maple Leaf still operates a large sausage factory and is constructing a major distribution centre in the Marquis Industrial Area.
===Technology and manufacturing ===
[[Image:Galleria Building.jpg|thumb|right|Galleria Building, Innovation Place (Saskatoon).]]
Saskatoon is home to several manufacturing companies such as [[Hitachi Canadian Industries]], a large [[CNH Global]] (Case New Holland) factory, Cover-All Building Systems, and Centennial Foods, as well as several companies in the Information Technology and telecom fields. Design and printing of tickets for companies such as Air Canada, British Airways, Virgin Atlantic, the NBA, the NFL, and concerts (Ticketmaster) is done in Saskatoon by Mercury Graphics.
[[SED Systems]], [[Vecima networks|Vecima Networks]], Solido Design Automation, AMEC North America, Bayer Crop Science, Becker Underwood, and [[General Electric]] Healthcare all have a significant presence in Saskatoon, most located at Innovation Place. Saskatoon also hosts a [[Marriott International]] call centre.{{Fact|date=July 2007}} [[First Nations Bank of Canada]] and Federated Co-operatives Limited executive offices are located in Saskatoon. In March 2008, [[Hatch Ltd]] announced it would open an office in Saskatoon employing 200 people. Many of the technology companies are located in [[Innovation Place Research Park]].
After explosive residential growth in the 1970s and early 1980s, by the late 1980s development of new communities slowed to a trickle as the economy experienced a downturn.{{Fact|date=July 2007}} By 2005, however, Saskatoon was in the midst of another growth boom with construction under way on no fewer than four major residential areas {{Fact|date=March 2008}}, plus early planning launched on several proposed business parks and the [[Blairmore SDA, Saskatoon|Blairmore Suburban Development Area]], also known as the "West Sector", a large recently annexed area on the city's west side which is expected to include seven residential communities, a business park, and a "suburban centre" in the coming years. (Construction of the suburban centre, which includes two major high schools and necessitated the realignment of Highway 7, began in 2006.<ref>[http://www.gov.sk.ca/news?newsId=88630a09-df2f-4059-a118-60018cd371db Government of Saskatchewan News]</ref>)
===Retail===
In terms of commercial development, Saskatoon was somewhat slow in embracing the [[big-box store]] format that replaced the traditional shopping mall in the mid-to-late 1990s, with the city's first true "power centre" not opening until the early 2000s. One of the city's main commercial districts, 8th Street East, experienced an influx of new businesses in the early 2000s after a number of automobile dealerships relocated to a new "[http://www.saskatoonautomall.com auto mall]" on the city's south side, leaving large vacancies along 8th Street. The opening of the city's first power centre, Preston Crossing, in 2002–2003 saw several major retailers such as [[Wal-Mart Canada]] and [[Canadian Tire]] leave their original shopping mall locations in favour of the new site, requiring the malls to scramble to find replacement tenants. {{Fact|date=March 2008}}
Construction of a second power centre on the city's south side is under way. The development of these larger centres has led to something of a decrease in services in the downtown areas, with the few grocery stores in that region going out of business or closing their doors in favour of the larger stores in the peripheral regions of the city. {{Fact|date=March 2008}}
The downtown core is seeing increased development with projects such as [[River Landing]], lofts and entertainment going ahead. Located in the downtown core, [[Midtown Plaza (Saskatoon)|Midtown Plaza]] is the largest shopping centre in the city with [[Sears Canada]] and [[Hudson's Bay Company|The Bay]] as anchors. The city is also home to [[Market Mall (Saskatoon)|Market Mall]] and [[The Centre (Saskatoon)|The Centre]] on the east side, [[Confederation Mall]] on the west side and [[The Mall at Lawson Heights]] in the north end.
===Urban Reserves===
Saskatoon is the home of Canada's first '''urban reserve''', or [[Indian reserve]] created within existing city limits. (Other reserves had been absorbed into adjacent cities before this.) As part of the [[aboriginal land claim|land claim]] process that was started in the 1950s and finalised in the 1992 Treaty Land Entitlement Framework Agreement, the [[Muskeg Lake First Nation]] claimed a vacant 33 acre tract east of the [[Sutherland Industrial, Saskatoon|Sutherland Industrial]] neighbourhood in 1984; the area was [[Crown land]] that had been intended for a correctional facility but never used. Following negotiations between the band, the City of Saskatoon, and the federal government, the area was designated as an Indian Reserve in 1988.<ref name=wedc/>
The City and the band formed an Urban Reserve Partnership, where the land is managed by the band but serviced by the City. The reserve is known as the McKnight Commercial Centre and is completely integrated into the neighbouring industrial area. It includes three buildings, with more than {{convert|100000|sqft|m2}} of floor space, that house over 40 businesses employing over 300 people, and further expansion due in 2007–2008. Instead of the businesses paying municipal taxes to the City, the band collects these taxes (which by agreement are the same as they would be anywhere else in the City) as well as the [[sales taxes in Canada|sales taxes]]; the band then pays the City a "fee for municipal services", which equals the amount of the municipal taxes, and remits the sales taxes to their respective governments. In return, the City built all the infrastructure needed to develop and service the land, including additional road access, and provides all services, including snow removal, policing, and utilities. This ensures that on-reserve businesses do not receive a tax advantage, although their [[Indian Register|Status Indian]] employees benefit because on-reserve income is non-taxable. (Status Indians are also exempt from paying sales taxes on a reserve.) The reserve includes a mixture of Aboriginal- and non-Aboriginal-owned businesses.<ref name=wedc>[http://www.wd.gc.ca/rpts/research/urban_reserves/1a_e.asp Urban Reserves in Saskatchewan], Western Economic Diversification Canada.</ref><ref name=reserve>[http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/city_planning/resources/publications/Urban%20Reserves.pdf Urban Reserves: The City of Saskatoon's Partnership with First Nations], Lorne A. Sully and Mark D. Emmons, City Planning Branch, City of Saskatoon, April 22, 2004.</ref><ref name=dust>[http://www.tdust.com/res/common_questions.pdf Common Questions], Theresa Dust, Q.C. (City Solicitor for the City of Saskatoon), 2006.</ref>
Following the success of the Muskeg Lake urban reserve, and following the same model, 28 more urban reserves have been created in Saskatchewan, including three each in [[Prince Albert, Saskatchewan|Prince Albert]], [[Yorkton, Saskatchewan|Yorkton]] and [[Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan|Fort Qu'Appelle]].<ref name=wedc/>
The Sounding Sky urban reserve is the second urban reserve in Saskatoon. Owned by the [[One Arrow First Nation]], it houses the Fire Creek gas station and confectionery at 20<sup>th</sup> Street and Avenue P. This land was declared an urban reserve in November 2005 and developed in 2006, replacing a small strip mall.<ref name=soundingsky>[http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/business/story.html?id=ba282042-23c8-4774-8843-9afc1e121caa&k=40930 Business at home in Pleasant Hill], Saskatoon StarPhoenix, January 5, 2007.</ref> There are three more parcels of land in Saskatoon that are owned by First Nations and expected to receive urban reserve status: Canterbury Towers (owned by the [[Yellow Quill First Nation]]) and Avord Towers (owned by [[The Battlefords Tribal Council]]), both office towers in the [[Central Business District, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Central Business District]]; and an office complex in the [[Airport Business Area, Saskatoon|Airport Business Area]] owned by the [[English River First Nation]].<ref name=wedc/><ref name=dust/>
===Queen Elizabeth Power Station===
The city receives its power from the main [[SaskPower]] [[power grid]]. Within the original 1958 boundaries of the city power is distributed by [[Saskatoon Light & Power]] while in the remainder of the system power distribution is handled by SaskPower. The city's nearest power generation plant is located on Saskatoon's southwestern outskirts on Spadina Crescent (south of the city dump entrance on Power Road). The station was built in the 1950s and named after [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]] in 1959. This is a natural gas fired station to meet peak demand. SaskPower base load facilities are primarily hydro electric and coal fired.
==Climate==
[[Image:Saskatoon in Winter DSC5283.jpg|275px|thumb|right|Saskatoon in Winter.]]
Saskatoon is in a dry-[[prairie]]/[[savanna]] [[biome]] and experiences warm summers and very cold winters. The city has four distinct seasons. Extreme temperatures range from -50°C in winter to 41°C (-58°F to 104°F) in summer. Saskatoon is fairly dry; the average annual [[precipitation]] is 347.2 mm (13.7in),<ref name=cityquickfacts/> with the summer being the wettest season. A positive aspect of the low precipitation is that Saskatoon is sunnier than average in Canada as a result, averaging 2,381 hours of bright sunshine annually. The extreme temperatures are also more tolerable on account of the typically low humidity.
The lowest temperature ever recorded in Saskatoon was -50°C in 1893. The lowest wind chill ever recorded was -61.9°C.{{Fact|date=March 2008}} The highest temperature ever recorded in Saskatoon was 40.6°C on [[5 June]] [[1988]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.currentresults.com/Weather-Extremes/Canada/hottest.php | title=Hottest Spots in Canada | first=Liz | last=Osborn | publisher=Current Results | accessdate=2008-02-28 }}</ref>
The "[[:wikinews:Large blizzard sweeps through British Columbia, Northern Alberta and Saskatchewan|Blizzard of 2007]]" was described by many residents as the worst they'd seen and paralyzed the city with its low visibility, extreme cold and large volume of snow.<ref>http://www.cbc.ca/canada/saskatchewan/story/2007/01/10/sask-storm.html</ref> Many area residents took refuge overnight at area work places, shopping centres, hospitals and the university.
==Geography==
[[Image:Parkland near Saskatoon.JPG|275px|thumb|right|Patches of Aspen trees surrounded by wheat fields are typical of the outlying areas of the city of Saskatoon.]]
Saskatoon lies on a long belt of rich, potassic [[chernozem]] in middle-southern Saskatchewan and is found in the [[Aspen parkland]] biome. The lack of surrounding mountainous topography gives the city a relatively flat grid, though the city does sprawl over a few hills and into a few valleys. The lowest point in the city is the river, while the highest point is disputed between the suburb of Sutherland in the east side and the Silverwood-River Heights areas in the city's north end. Saskatoon, on a cross-section from west to east, has a general decline in elevation above sea level heading towards the river, and on the east bank of the river, the terrain is mostly level until outside the city, where it begins to decrease in elevation again.
Saskatoon is divided into east and west sides by the [[South Saskatchewan River]]. It is then divided into Suburban Development Areas (SDA) which are composed of neighbourhoods.
{{main|List of neighbourhoods in Saskatoon}}
===Landmarks===
[[Image:Hotel Bessborough rear 2.jpg|thumb|300px|The Bessborough]]
One of the city's landmarks is the [[Delta Bessborough]] Hotel, known to locals as the ''Bezz''. Built by the [[Canadian National Railway]], it was among the last [[Canada's grand railway hotels|railway hotels]] to be started before the [[Great Depression]] of the 1930s brought their era to a close. Although the building was completed in [[1932]], it did not open its doors until [[1935]] due to the Depression. The Bessborough and the [[Mendel Art Gallery]] are currently the only major structures located on the river side of Spadina Crescent. One of the most frequently-circulated photographs depicting Saskatoon is of the hotel framed in one of the arches of the [[Broadway Bridge (Saskatoon)|Broadway Bridge]].[http://www.saskatoonkiosk.ca/history.php]
The [[Meewasin Valley Authority|Meewasin Valley Trail]] follows the South Saskatchewan River through Saskatoon. Summer activities include cycling, jogging and walking through parks and natural areas. Cross-country skiing is popular during the winter months, along with skating in Kiwanis Memorial Park. Access points are found throughout the city with interpretive signage and washrooms located along the route. There are parks throughout the Meewasin Valley, with washrooms, picnic facilities, and lookout points along the river bank.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meewasin.com/facilities/trail/|title=Meewasin Trail and Facilities|accessdate=2008-03-10}}</ref>
In the winter the Meewasin Skating Rink is open free to the public; it is located in Kiwanis Memorial Park beside the Delta Bessborough hotel. The outdoor rink has been open since 1980.
The city is currently redeveloping the south downtown region of [[River Landing]]. This redevelopment will result in the development of a Hotel/Spa in the south-west downtown core, new theater complex, similar to the existing Galaxy in Regina, with twelve theatres with stadium-style seating owned by [[Cineplex Entertainment]] which opened in the Summer of 2006, parkland, a new facility for Persephone Theatre (currently located outside the downtown core), and a year round home for the Saskatoon Farmers Market. [http://www.riverlanding.ca/project_update/index.html] It is hoped this will open up the downtown area to 20 th street, which has struggled with high crime and image problems in gaining acceptance as part of downtown's commercial district.
==Transportation==
Saskatoon is located on the [[Yellowhead Highway]], also known as [[Saskatchewan Highway 16|Highway 16]], which connects Saskatchewan, [[Manitoba]], [[Alberta]], and [[British Columbia]]. Highways [[Saskatchewan Highway 5|5]], [[Saskatchewan Highway 7|7]], [[Saskatchewan Highway 11|11]], [[Saskatchewan Highway 12|12]], [[Saskatchewan Highway 14|14]], [[Saskatchewan Highway 219|219]], [[Saskatchewan Highway 684|684]], and [[Saskatchewan Highway 762|762]] all meet at Saskatoon, with highways [[Saskatchewan Highway 60|60]] and [[Saskatchewan Highway 41|41]] terminating just west and east of the city limits, respectively.
[[Image:University Bridge.jpg|275px|right|thumb|University Bridge in Saskatoon.]]
[[Image:Saskatoon via rail station.JPG|thumb|275px|The [[VIA Rail]] station, front entrance.]]
The following bridges cross the [[South Saskatchewan River]] in Saskatoon (in order from upstream):
*[[Grand Trunk Bridge (Saskatoon)|Grand Trunk Bridge]] (rail)
*[[Senator Sid Buckwold Bridge]]
*[[Traffic Bridge (Saskatoon)|Traffic Bridge]]
*[[Broadway Bridge (Saskatoon)|Broadway Bridge]]
*[[University Bridge (Saskatoon)|University Bridge]]
*[[McDonald Bridge (Saskatoon)|McDonald Bridge]] (rail)
*[[Circle Drive Bridge (Saskatoon)|Circle Drive Bridge]]
Construction of Saskatoon's [[beltway|ring road]], [[Circle Drive]], began in the mid-1960s, and is yet to be completed [[as of 2008]]. The missing link is in the southwest; on [[June 20]], [[2008]], the mayor announced that funding for the $300 million project from the federal, provincial and city governments is now in place to build a six-lane bridge and 7 km of freeway to complete the road. The project is expected to be completed in [[2012]].<ref name=southbridge>[http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/story.html?id=1feb4038-f559-4b76-b901-cec60df57314 Saskatoon's south bridge finally becoming a reality], Saskatoon StarPhoenix, [[June 20]], [[2008]]; retrieved [[July 11]], [[2008]].</ref>
[[Image:CPRSaskatoon.jpg|right|thumbnail|[[Saskatoon Railway Station (Canadian Pacific)| Old Canadian Pacific Rail Station]]]]
The [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] and the [[Canadian National Railway]] have connections to Saskatoon. Saskatoon is a stop on [[The Canadian]] passenger transcontinental rail route operated by [[VIA Rail]]. The [[Saskatoon railway station]] is located in the west end of the city. The many provincial transportation connections and geographic location of Saskatoon give it one of its nicknames ''The Hub City''. The [[Saskatchewan Railway Museum]] is located just outside the city. Recent debates about moving all the railways out of the city are raising questions about a future LRT system, but the city's Mayor says the population is too small.
[[Saskatoon/John G. Diefenbaker International Airport]] provides scheduled and charter [[airline]] service for the city. [[Saskatoon/Corman Air Park]] is a [[general aviation]] airport located 15 km south-east of Saskatoon.
{{main|Saskatoon/John G. Diefenbaker International Airport}}
[[Public transport|Transit]] services in Saskatoon are provided by [[Saskatoon Transit]]. The route system was revamped on [[July 2]], [[2006]], creating increased access to most parts of the city.
{{main|Saskatoon Transit}}
==Education==
[[Image:Thorvaldson.JPG|275px|thumb|right|Entrance to Thorvaldson Building located on the Main campus of the University of Saskatchewan]]
[[Image:SIAST.jpg|thumb|right|287px|Kelsey campus of [[Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology|SIAST]]. [[Central Industrial, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Central Industrial Area]]]]
Saskatoon has a number of [[higher education]] institutions:
*[[University of Saskatchewan]]
*[[St. Thomas More College]] is a [[Catholic]] federated college of the University of Saskatchewan. Affiliated with the University of Saskatchewan are the [[Lutheran Theological Seminary, Saskatoon|Lutheran Theological Seminary]], College of Emmanuel and St. Chad ([[Anglican Church of Canada]]), and St. Andrew's College ([[United Church of Canada]]). All three are located on the university campus.
* The [[First Nations University of Canada]] Saskatoon campus is located at the corner of 7th Ave. N. & Duke St., with the main campus in [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]].
{{main|First Nations University of Canada}}
*[[Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology]]
*[[Gabriel Dumont Institute]]
Saskatoon has 78 elementary schools and 14 high schools (with three more under construction), serving about 37,000 students. Saskatoon has two school boards, The [[Saskatoon Public School Division]] and the [[Saskatoon Catholic School Division]].
{{main|Saskatoon Public School Division|Greater Saskatoon Catholic School Division}}
Saskatoon is home to five units of the [[Canadian Cadet Movement]]:
*[[2293 The North Saskatchewan Regiment Royal Canadian Army Cadet Corps]] - [http://www.regions.cadets.forces.gc.ca/pra/2293army/ Homepage]
*[[328 Medical Cadet Corps]]
*[[45 Sea Cadet Corps]]
*[[702 Air Cadet Squadron]]
*[[107 Air Cadet Squadron]]
==Arts and culture==
===Galleries and museums===
[[Image:MendelArt2.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Mendel Art Gallery]] and Civic Conservatory ]]
The [[Mendel Art Gallery]] is situated on the bank of the South Saskatchewan River. Its permanent collection exceeds 5,000 works of art. In 2005, it began a major renovation project that will expand the size of the gallery by seventy per cent. In September 2005, however, the City of Saskatoon announced that it had entered discussions with the Mendel to the end of having the Mendel abandon its renovation/expansion project in favor of instead relocating the facility to a new arts and culture centre that is planned for the south downtown area; the Mendel has reportedly rejected this suggestion.{{Fact|date=June 2007}}
The Ukrainian Museum of Canada is also located on the banks of the South Saskatchewan River. The foremost attraction for Ukrainian culture in Saskatoon, it houses various artifacts such as textiles, tools, musical instruments and clothing, and displays them for public viewing. It has branches in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg and Toronto.
The [[Meewasin Valley Authority|Meewasin Valley Centre]], in Friendship Park, has information on Saskatoon's history, the South Saskatchewan River, and the future of the Meewasin Valley.<ref name="MeewasinValley">{{cite web|url=http://www.meewasin.com/education/meewasin_valley/index.php|title=Meewasin Valley Centre|accessdate=2008-03-10}}</ref>
Saskatoon is also home of the [[Saskatchewan Western Development Museum]]. This museum, one of four throughout the province, documents early pioneer life in Saskatchewan. It is noted for its interior recreation of a "Boom Town" main street, including one original building relocated from its original site. The [[Saskatchewan Railway Museum]] is located just outside the city and includes displays of rolling stock and historic railway buildings from various parts of the province.
The [[Forestry Farm Park and Zoo]] is a National Historic Site situated in the north east region of the city. The Forestry Farm was a historic nursery (dating from 1913) responsible for growing many of the trees planted within the prairie provinces. In 1966 the nursery operations were discontinued and part of the region turned into a municipal park. The city zoo is also housed within the park and features over 80 species of animals. <ref>http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/leisure/facilities/pdfs/zoobrochure.pdf Zoo Brochure </ref>
[http://www.wanuskewin.com/Main.aspx Wanuskewin Heritage Park] is a National Historic Site situated five km to the north of Saskatoon. It is an [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal]] archaeological site and features displays, special events, and activities, recent renovations are on hold due to a lack of funds during the renovations.
[[Image:Victoria bridge saskatoon 2.JPG|thumb|300px|[[Traffic Bridge (Saskatoon)|Traffic Bridge]], Saskatoon's oldest.]]
===Events and festivals===
Saskatoon's major arts venue is the [[Saskatoon Centennial Auditorium]], recently renamed as TCU Place in January 2006, which is located adjacent to Midtown Plaza downtown. Since opening in 1967, it has hosted scores of concerts, theatrical performances, live events such as the Telemiracle [[telethon]], high school graduation and university [[convocation]] ceremonies, and conventions. It is also home to the Saskatoon Symphony. It recently underwent a multi-million dollar renovation to its main theatre (named in honor of former mayor and senator [[Sidney Buckwold]]) and in 2005 began an expansion to add additional convention facilities; this project was scheduled for completion in the spring of 2006.
For rock concerts and major shows, the [[Credit Union Centre]] (formerly Saskatchewan Place) is the main venue. It is Saskatchewan's largest arena, with a capacity of 11,300 for sporting events and 14,000 for concerts. Musical acts from Saskatoon include [[Wide Mouth Mason]] and [[The Northern Pikes]].
Saskatoon hosts many festivals and events in the summer, including the [[Shakespeare on the Saskatchewan|Shakespeare on the Saskatchewan Festival]], the [[Sasktel Saskatchewan Jazz Fest|Jazz Festival]], the [[Northern Saskatchewan International Children's Festival]], the [[Saskatoon Fringe Theatre Festival|Saskatoon International Fringe Festival]] (a showcase of alternative theatre), [http://saskatoon.com/folkfest/ FolkFest] (a cultural festival), and the [http://www.canadaremembersairshow.com/ Canada Remembers Airshow].
For over 25 years, Saskatoon has hosted a gathering of antique automobiles, (mainly from the 1960s) that has grown into an event called "Cruise Weekend". The event is usually held on the last weekend (Friday, Saturday and Sunday) in August. Activities include a poker derby, dances, and a show 'N' shine with over 800 cars from all over western Canada. No admission is charged and everyone is free to walk around and enjoy the atmosphere.
The city's annual exhibition (now called the Saskatoon Exhibition but also known in previous years as Pioneer Days and "The Ex") is held every August at [[Prairieland Park]]. Until the late 1990s the fair was held in mid-July, and for many years coincided with "[[Louis Riel]] Day", a downtown-based celebration of the life of the famous rebel, which included a canoe/running/horseback riding relay race winding through the parks on both sides of the river and on the river itself. Other events included a [[cabbage roll]]-eating contest, [[tug-of-war]] competitions and live musical performances. Louis Riel Day was a regular summer event from the late 1960s until the early 1990s when a lack of major sponsors forced its cancellation. In the late 1990s, the Saskatoon Exhibition was rescheduled to August so that it no longer was in direct competition with the [[Calgary Stampede]], which frequently overlapped the event.
Saskatoon was the 2007 host city for the [[Juno Awards of 2007|Juno Awards]], Canada's foremost music industry honours.
===Movie theatres===
[[Image:GalaxyTheatre.jpg|right|thumb|[[Cineplex Entertainment]] Galaxy Theatre]]
There is only one single-screen theatre in the city - the [[Broadway Theatre (Saskatoon)]], which primarily shows [[Art film|arthouse film]]s - while the two-screen [[Roxy Theatre (Saskatoon)|Roxy (formerly the Towne Cinema)]] is an "atmospheric-style" [[discount theater|second-run theatre]] that recently reopened after sitting unused for over a decade. The remainder of the city's theatres are [[multiplex (movie theater)|multiplexes]]. The only movie theatre in the [[Central Business District, Saskatoon|downtown]] core is the [[Cineplex Entertainment|Galaxy Cinemas]]; the [[Empire Theatres|Capitol 4]] showed its last film on [[April 3]], [[2008]].<ref>{{cite web
| last = Harris
| first = Brynn
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| title = Final Film Shown At Capitol Theatre
| work =
| publisher = News Talk 650
| date = 2008-04-04
| url = http://www.newstalk650.com/incoming/20080404/final-film-shown-capitol-theatre
| format =
| doi =
| accessdate = 2008-04-03}}</ref> The city's other movie theatres are the Rainbow (a second-run cinema) and the [[Cineplex Entertainment|Centre Cinemas]], located adjacent to each other in [[The Centre (Saskatoon)|The Centre]] mall on the city's east side.
==Royal presence==
{{main|Crown in Saskatoon}}
{{Cquote2|Parliamentary democracy has fostered tolerance and flexibility – a good balance between individual rights and collective responsibilities. And this is because the Constitutional Monarchy has always placed the emphasis on people in community – as it were, a national family with the Sovereign as its head.<ref>[http://www.monarchist.ca/new/quotes.html Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada, in Saskatoon, 1987]</ref>| Elizabeth II, [[Monarchy in Canada|Queen of Canada]], in [[Saskatoon]], [[Saskatchewan]], 1987}}
Saskatoon has welcomed members of Canada's Royal Family since 1919. [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth]] most recently visited for the a gala concert at [[Credit Union Centre]], before a live audience of 12,000 and television viewers nationwide in 2005. The Queen was presented with the key to the city on the same visit, after touring the [[Canadian Light Source Synchrotron]] and greeting thousands of well-wishers on a walkabout at the [[University of Saskatchewan]]. Sovereigns and consorts who have visited include [[Edward VIII of the United Kingdom|Edward VIII]] as Prince of Wales in 1919, [[George VI of the United Kingdom|King George Vl]] and [[Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon|Queen Elizabeth]] in 1939, and [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]] and the [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Duke of Edinburgh]], as Princess Elizabeth in 1951 and afterwards as Queen in 1959, 1978, 1987 and 2005. Other members of the Royal Family who have visited include [[Princess Margaret]] in 1980, the [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince of Wales]] (Charles) in 2001, the [[The Princess Royal|Princess Royal]] (Anne) in 1982 and 2004, the [[Prince Andrew, Duke of York|Duke]] and [[Sarah, Duchess of York|Duchess of York]] (Andrew and Sarah) in 1989, and the [[Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex|Earl of Wessex]] as Prince Edward in 1978. [[Governor General of Canada|Governors General]] and [[Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan|Lieutenant Governors]] also pay regular visits to Saskatoon. Saskatonian [[Ray Hnatyshyn|Ramon John Hnatyshyn]] is credited with popularising his office as Governor General from 1990 to 1995. Lieutenant Governors [[Gordon Barnhart|Barnhart]], [[Sylvia Fedoruk|Fedoruk]], McNab, Monroe, [[George Porteous|Porteous]] and [[Stephen Worobetz|Worobetz]] were all former residents of Saskatoon.
Connections to the crown include the royal namesakes of about one hundred neighbourhoods, parks, streets, schools and other places. These include [[King George, Saskatoon|King George]], [[Queen Elizabeth, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Queen Elizabeth]] and [[Massey Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan|Massey Place]] neighbourhoods, and Victoria, Coronation and Princess Diana parks. It was at one time considered that Saskatoon's [[Broadway Bridge (Saskatoon)|Broadway Bridge]] would be renamed George V Bridge.<ref>[http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/clerks_office/archives/exhibit/aerial/landmark_key.html Key to Landmarks]</ref> Landmarks and institutions also have connections and these include the [[Royal University Hospital]], one of four royal designations in Saskatchewan. Grade schools named for royals include Ecole Victoria School, King George School, Queen Elizabeth School, Prince Philip School and Princess Alexandra School. Existing and historic hotels with royal namesakes include the King George Hotel, the King Edward Hotel, the Queen's Hotel and the Patricia Hotel. The [[Hotel Bessborough]] was named for a Canadian Governor General who visited the landmark under construction in the 1930s. The Prince of Wales Promenade along the [[South Saskatchewan River]] is a focal point on the riverfront trails. In 2002, 378 Saskatoon residents were presented with Canada's [[Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal|Golden Jubilee Medal]] by vice-regals to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Queen's accession to the throne.<ref>[http://www.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/index_e.asp?TypeID=jubilee Government House Canadian Honours database]</ref>
==Sports and recreation==
{{Unreferencedsection|date=July 2007}}
[[Image:S-633.jpg|250px|right|thumb|University of Saskatchewan Huskies at Griffiths Stadium.]]
[[Ice hockey]] is one of the most popular sports in Saskatoon and is home to many strong amateur teams such as the [[Saskatoon Blades]] of the [[Western Hockey League|WHL]], who host their games in [[Credit Union Centre]] (formerly known as Saskatchewan Place). As well Saskatoon is home to many amateur teams at the Junior B and Midget AAA levels, as well as several youth teams. The biggest chance for professional hockey came in 1982. Bill Hunter, a local sports promoter, attempted to purchase the [[St. Louis Blues (hockey)|St. Louis Blues]] of the [[National Hockey League|NHL]] and move it to Saskatoon, but the move was prevented by the league. This was due to Saskatchewan's and especially Saskatoon's small size in relation to both [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] and the other cities in the [[NHL]] at the time. However, it did cause the building of the [[Credit Union Centre]], on the city's northern edge. [[Credit Union Centre]] Seats approximately 11,000 people for ice hockey
As for women's hockey, Saskatoon and the province as a whole are represented by the [[Saskatchewan Prairie Ice]] of the [[NWHL]], which is based near [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]] in [[Lumsden, Saskatchewan|Lumsden]]. However, there is a strong youth female hockey presence in Saskatoon with a Midget AAA team and several youth teams in the city.
[[Canadian football]] is likely {{weasel-inline}}the most successful on field sport in Saskatoon. The [[Saskatoon Hilltops]] of the [[Canadian Junior Football League]] host their games at [[Gordie Howe Bowl]]. The Hilltops have won 12 national junior championships throughout their history. As well, the [[University of Saskatchewan]] [[Saskatchewan Huskies|Huskies]] are one of the top University football programs in Canada. The Huskies have played in four of the last five [[Vanier Cup]] games, including the most recent in 2006 held in Saskatoon. As well, many Saskatonians support the [[Saskatchewan Roughriders]] of the [[Canadian Football League|CFL]]. The Roughriders play in [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]] but are notable for their strong support from all areas of the province.
The [[Saskatoon Yellow Jackets]] college summer league baseball team is a member of the [[Western Major Baseball League]] and play their games at [[Cairns Field]]. They are not affiliated with any Major League Baseball team nor do they carry any professional players. In the past other teams have attempted to grace Saskatoon's professional sports landscape including the [[Saskatoon Riot]], [[Saskatoon Smokin' Guns]], [[Saskatoon Stallions]] and the latest being the [[Saskatoon Legends]], who folded during the 2003 season. However, there is hope that the [[Golden Baseball League]] will find an owner for its proposed Saskatoon franchise and begin play in 2008 or 2009 at [[Cairns Field]].
The [[University of Saskatchewan]] [[Saskatchewan Huskies|Huskies]] play [[Canadian Interuniversity Sport]] league games at the University Campus. Their facilities include 4,997 seat [[Griffiths Stadium]], 700 seat [[Rutherford Arena]], and a partially new state-of-the-art [[Physical Activity Complex]], with the exception of a small swimming pool which was not updated, that opened in August 2003 with the opening of the new College of Kinesiology Building. The Huskies participate in twelve sports at the CIS level and have been most successful in men's hockey and football lately, nearly beating the Regina Rams in the playoff division semi-final in 2007.
In 2007, two new sports teams came into being in Saskatoon, the Saskatchewan SWAT of the [[Rocky Mountain Lacrosse League]] and the Saskatoon Accelerators in the [[Canadian Major Indoor Soccer League]]. The Accelerators play at [[Credit Union Centre]], while the SWAT split their games between [[Credit Union Centre]] and Kinsmen Arena. The SWAT play Tier I, Junior B lacrosse and will play their inaugural season in early 2007. The indoor soccer franchise intends to begin full operations in 2008.
Motor racing is a popular sport in Saskatoon. [[Saskatchewan International Raceway]] has been in operation for over 40 years; SIR is home to 1/4 mile [[NHRA]] drag racing and holds racing events from May to September. As well, just north of the city lies [[Auto Clearing Motor Speedway]]; the track is home to local stock car racing, as well as races for several different Western Canadian series.
For horse racing fans, [[Marquis Downs]] at Prairieland Park offers live [[horse racing]] from May to October.
On the recreation side, [[Lions Skatepark]] was built in the Riversdale area in 2003. As well Saskatoon is home to several golf courses and various parks which include tennis courts, ball diamonds and soccer pitches for spring, summer and fall use and outdoor rinks for winter use. [[Blackstrap Ski Hill]] is also located 30 minutes south of the city, however, has been closed for both 2006 and 2007 seasons due to financial difficulty.
''See: [[List of Sports Franchises in Saskatoon]]''
==Facilities and services==
===Local media===
{{main|Media in Saskatoon}}
===Shopping centres===
{{main|List of shopping malls in Saskatoon}}
===Law and order===
* [[Saskatoon Police Service]]
* [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]]
* Corman Park Police Service
* [[Saskatoon Correctional Centre]]
* Regional Psychiatric Centre
===Hospitals===
*[[Royal University Hospital]]
*[[Saskatoon City Hospital]]
*[[St. Paul's Hospital]]
==Sister cities==
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Umeå]] ([[Västerbotten]], [[Sweden]])
* {{flagicon|China}} [[Shijiazhuang]] ([[Hebei]], [[China]])
<!--* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Cologne]] ([[North Rhine-Westphalia]], [[Germany]])-->
* {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Tampere]] ([[Pirkanmaa]], [[Finland]])<!--really?-->
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Chernivtsi]] ([[Ukraine]])
* {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Kitahiroshima]] ([[Japan]])
==Notables==
<!--Make into separate article...?-->
<!--NOTE To EVERYONE!! Make sure that the person you're adding is considered notable. If they have a wikipedia article, then the answer is probably yes. DO NOT ADD YOURSELF TO THIS LIST-->
Notable persons who were born, grew up or lived in Saskatoon:
* [[Mark Abley]] - writer
* [[Kaare Andrews]] - comic book artist
* [[Mel Angelstad]] - professional [[ice hockey]] player
* [[Colby Armstrong]] - NHL hockey player - [[Atlanta Thrashers]]
* [[Brent Ashton]] - Former NHL Hockey Player
* [[Mike Babcock]] - NHL head coach - [[Detroit Red Wings]]
* [[Lorne Babiuk]] - Director, VIDO
* [[Jon Ballantyne]] - NYC [[Jazz musician]] Composer, Artist
* [[Wade Belak]] - NHL player - [[Florida Panthers]]
* [[Allan Blakeney]] - former Premier of Saskatchewan
* [[Derek Boogaard]] - NHL hockey player - [[Minnesota Wild]]
* [[Sidney Buckwold]] - former [[Mayor]] of Saskatoon
* [[Sandy Burnett]] - record producer
* [[Ethel Catherwood]] - [[Olympic Games|Olympic medalist]]
* [[Hugh Cairns (VC)]] - World War I soldier awarded the [[Victoria Cross]]
* [[John Diefenbaker]] - former [[Prime Minister of Canada]]
* [[Dan Ellis]] - NHL Goaltender - [[Nashville Predators]]
* [[Shane Endicott]] - NHL hockey player [[Dallas Stars]]
* [[Sylvia Fedoruk]] - scientist, former [[Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan]]
* [[Don Freed]] - singer/songwriter
* [[Dawna Friesen]] - [[NBC]] journalist
* [[Gayleen Froese]] - author
* [[Michael Garnett]] - former NHL Goaltender with the [[Atlanta Thrashers]]
* [[Joanna Glass]] - [[playwright]]
* [[Glenda Goertzen]] - [[author]]
* [[Tom Grummett]] - [[comic book]] artist
* [[Chris Hajt]] - professional [[ice hockey]] player - [[Lukko]]
* [[Stu Hart]] - [[professional wrestling]] [[patriarch]]
* [[Ray Hnatyshyn]] - former [[Governor General of Canada]]
* [[Gordie Howe]] - former NHL elite hockey player
* [[Bill Hunter]] - [[ice hockey]] entrepreneur
* [[Miklos Kanitz]] - [[Holocaust]] survivor
* [[Dave King]] - university and NHL hockey coach
* [[Tony Kuzub]] - [[record producer]] / [[recording engineer]]
* [[Regan Lauscher]] - Canadian [[luge]] champion
* [[Catriona LeMay Doan]] - [[Speed skating|speed skater]], [[Olympic Games|Olympic medalist]]
* [[Curtis Leschyshyn]] - former NHL hockey player
* [[Keith Magnuson]] - former NHL hockey player, [[Chicago Blackhawks]] (died 2003)
* [[Tyler Mane]] -ex pro wrestler and actor
* [[Yann Martel]] - [[Booker Prize]] winning author
* [[Mike Maurer]] - CFL fullback
* [[Chris McAllister]] - Former NHL hockey player
* [[Michael D. Mehta|Dr. Michael D. Mehta]] - professor, author, Director of SaskPower and Canadian Blood Services
* [[Andrea Menard]] - musician, actress
* [[Cameron Mitchell (actor)|Cameron Mitchell]] - actor
* [[Joni Mitchell]] - musician, artist
* [[Keith Morrison]] - former [[NBC]] television news anchor
* [[Farley Mowat]] - novelist
* [[Carey Nelson]] - long-distance runner
* [[Darin Nesbitt]] - professor at [[Douglas College]]
* [[Jim Pattison]] - billionnaire businessman
* [[Michaela Pereira]] - KTLA Morning Show co-anchor
* [[Northern Pikes]] - Rock Band
* [[Rich Pilon]] - former NHL hockey player
* [[Roy Romanow]] - former [[Premier of Saskatchewan]]
* [[Drew Remenda]] - TV Color Analyst for the San Jose Sharks
* [[William Sarjeant|Dr. W.A.S. Sarjeant]], a.k.a. Antony Swithin - geology professor and author
* [[Theresa Sokyrka]] - musician, artist
* [[Brent Sopel]] - NHL hockey player - [[Chicago Blackhawks]]
* [[Don Sparrow]] - [[illustrator]]
* [[David Sutcliffe]] - actor
* [[Brian Skrudland]] - former NHL hockey forward / 2 time Stanley Cup Champion.
* [[Arthur Slade]] - author
* [[Jarret Stoll]] - NHL hockey player - [[Edmonton Oilers]]
* [[Anne Szumigalski]] - poet
* [[Roderick Toombs]], a.k.a. Rowdy Roddy Piper - WWE wrestler
* [[Shannon Tweed]] - actress and one-time ''[[Playboy]]'' [[Playmate of the Year]], partner of [[Gene Simmons]] of [[Kiss]] and mother of his kids
* [[Guy Vanderhaeghe]] - author
* [[Cam Ward]] - NHL hockey goaltender - [[Carolina Hurricanes]]
* [[Wide Mouth Mason]] - Rock Band
* [[Ed Whalen]] - host, ''[[Stampede Wrestling]]''
* [[Grant Wilson]] - actor
* [[The Deep Dark Woods]] - [[Alt-country]] Band
* [[Henry Woolf (actor)|Henry Woolf]] - actor
* [[Janet Wright]] - actress and cast member of [[Corner Gas]]
==Saskatoon in popular culture==
===Movies and television===
* At one point in the 2007 movie ''[[Hannibal Rising (film)|Hannibal Rising]]'', a prequel to ''[[The Silence of the Lambs (film)|The Silence of the Lambs]]'', [[Hannibal Lecter|Hannibal]] is said to be looking for someone in a small town south of Saskatoon.
* In the 1949 movie "[[A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]," [[Bing Crosby]] calls out "Saskatoon, Saskatchewan" as part of a magical incantation to bring on a total eclipse of the Sun, and to save himself from execution.
* In a "[[The Simpsons|Simpsons]]" episode, [[Homer Simpson|Homer]], upon obtaining Canadian health cards in order to get cheap drugs, is told that he can buy enough drugs "to make Regina look like Saskatoon."
* "The Final Sacrifice", an episode of "[[Mystery Science Theatre 3000]]" references Saskatoon when [[Tom Servo]] sings a Canadian tribute song.
===Music===
* Rock band [[Wide Mouth Mason]], who hail from Saskatoon, have a song titled "Unfolding" that contains the lyric "It's a lazy afternoon on the eastside of Saskatoon."
* Canadian rock group [[The Guess Who]] recorded a song called "Running Back To Saskatoon."
* [[Johnny Cash]] co-wrote and recorded a song called "Girl in Saskatoon."
* A verse in country singer [[Sammy Kershaw]]'s song "Anywhere But Here" goes "Well I hear it's cold up in Saskatoon but it couldn't be colder than our bedroom."
* A verse in [[City and Colour]]'s song "[[Comin' Home]]" goes "I've been through the Rockies, I've seen Saskatoon."
* Punk band [[No Fun At All]]'s song "My Extraordinary Mind" contains the lyrics "Sunday afternoon, I was bending every spoon/Stopping all the clocks in Saskatoon."
* The opening line of [[the Tragically Hip]] song "Wheat Kings" refers to Saskatoon: "Sundown in the Paris of the Prairies . . ."
* In the movie ''[[Slap Shot (film)|Slap Shot]]'', [[Sonny James]] sings a song called "A Little Bit South of Saskatoon."
* [[Soul Coughing]] in their song "Is Chicago, Is Not Chicago," proclaims, "Saskatoon is in the room."
* [[Old Crow Medicine Show]] in their song Cocaine Habit Saskatoon is mentioned.
* In his song, West St. James, Winnipeg singer [[Greg Macpherson]] mentions Saskatoon: "After a 7 hour delay in Saskatoon yesterday."
* [[The Men They Couldn't Hang]] in their song "Grave Robbing in Gig Harbour" refer to a dead beauty queen and the man who loved her: "She was extricated from her tomb / By a broken man from Saskatoon"
===Books===
*In the [[Mark Twain]] novel, ''[[A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]'' avoids being burned at the stake as a heretic by "conjuring" a solar eclipse. Midway through the string of nonsense that he spouts as an incantation is the phrase, "Saskatoon, Saskatchewan."
*In ''[[David Letterman's Book of Top Ten Lists and Zesty Lo-Cal Chicken Recipes]]'', in the list "Top Ten signs you are at a bad airport" it says: All flights are either coming from or going to Saskatoon, Canada.
*[[Farley Mowat]]'s 1961 [[novella]], ''[[Owls in the Family]]'' is set in Saskatoon and includes references to several area landmarks, including [[McDonald Bridge (Saskatoon)|The Railroad Bridge]].
==Surrounding Communities==
{{Canadian City Geographic Location
|Center = Saskatoon
|North = [[Warman, Saskatchewan|Warman]]<br />[[Martensville, Saskatchewan|Martensville]]
|Northwest = [[Langham, Saskatchewan|Langham]]<br />[[Dalmeny, Saskatchewan|Dalmeny]]
|West = [[Asquith, Saskatchewan|Asquith]]<br />[[Grandora, Saskatchewan|Grandora]]
|Southwest = [[Vanscoy, Saskatchewan|Vanscoy]]
|South = [[Dundurn, Saskatchewan|Dundurn]]
|Southeast = [[Clavet, Saskatchewan|Clavet]]
|East = [[St. Denis, Saskatchewan|St. Denis]]
|Northeast = [[Aberdeen, Saskatchewan|Aberdeen]]
|image = Flag of Saskatchewan.svg
}}
==Footnotes==
<div class="references-small">
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==External links==
{{Commonscat|Saskatoon}}
{{geolinks-Canada-cityscale|52.13142|-106.64594}}
*[http://www.saskatoon.ca/ City of Saskatoon Official Website]
*[http://www.tourismsaskatoon.com/ Tourism Saskatoon]
*[http://www.saskmap.com/ An Interactive Map of Saskatoon]
*[http://www.rootsweb.com/~sksaskat/NarrativesOfSaskatoon/index.html Narratives of Saskatoon 1882-1912]
*[http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/city_planning/resources/maps/dev_plan.pdf Development planning map] as of [[October 13]], [[2005]]. ([[PDF]] format).
*[http://www.rootsweb.com/~sksaskat/NarrativesOfSaskatoon/40.html Narratives of Saskatoon Ferry in the early days 1882-1912]
{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan}}
{{Census metropolitan areas by size}}
{{Neighborhoods of Saskatoon}}
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