Saturation (magnetic)
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217530992
2008-06-06T13:28:28Z
BenFrantzDale
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For [[magnetic]] materials, '''saturation''' is the state when the material cannot absorb a stronger [[magnetic field]], such that an increase of [[magnetization]] force produces no significant change in [[magnetic flux density]].
<br />The relation between the [[magnetic field]] ''H'' and the [[magnetic flux density]] ''B'' is expressed in terms of the magnetic [[Permeability (electromagnetism)|permeability]] μ : <math>B=\mu H</math>. <br />The permeability of many materials is not constant, but depends on ''H''. For example, in a [[ferromagnet]] the permeability is increasing with ''H'', inverts at a certain point then decreases significantly. Further increase in ''H'' will not cause an increase in ''B'' as the permeability is too small.
Different materials have different saturation level. For example, iron reaches magnetic saturation at 2.2 [[tesla (unit)|teslas]].
Saturation limits the minimum size of [[transformer]] cores. To lower its effects, an air gap is created in some kinds of transformer cores.
<br/>The [[hysteresis]] curve shows the dependence of B upon H in different materials and therefore the saturation.
[[Centimetre gram second system of units|cgs]] units: [[Centimetre gram second system of units#CGS units in electromagnetism|emu]] per [[gram]].
[[Category:Magnetism]]
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