Scarf 493247 222397630 2008-06-29T03:42:59Z Versageek 146418 Reverted to revision 218848865 by [[Special:Contributions/ClueBot|ClueBot]]; rv dubious derivation of the word. {{Refimprove|date=September 2007}} {{otheruses4|the article of clothing|the process of joining pieces of wood or metal end to end|Scarf joint}} {| align=right | |- | [[Image:Scarves.jpg|thumb|left|Some folded scarves]] |} A '''scarf''' is a piece of [[fabric]] worn on or near the [[head (anatomy)|head]] or around the neck for warmth, cleanliness, [[fashion]] or for [[religion|religious]] reasons. ==Uses and types== In cold climates, a thick [[knit]]ted scarf, often of [[wool]], is tied around the [[neck]] to keep warm. This is usually accompanied by a warm [[hat]] and heavy [[Coat (clothing)|coat]]. In drier, dustier climates, or in environments where there are many airborne contaminants, a thin [[headscarf]], [[kerchief]], or [[bandanna]] is often worn over the head to keep the hair clean. Over time, this custom has evolved into a fashionable item in many cultures, particularly among women. The [[cravat]], an ancestor of the [[necktie]] and [[bow tie]], evolved from scarves of this sort in [[Croatia]]. Religions such as [[Islam]] promote modest dress among women; many [[Muslim]] women wear a headscarf often known as a [[hijab]], and in Quranic Arabic as the [[khimar]]. The [[Keffiyeh]] is commonly used by Muslim men. Women in the [[Haredi Judaism]] community often wear a [[tichel]] to cover their hair. Several [[Christian denomination]]s include a scarf known as a [[stole]] as part of their liturgical [[vestment]]s. Silk scarves were used by pilots of early aircraft in order to keep oily smoke from the exhaust out of their mouths while flying. ==Scarves as uniforms== Students in the [[United Kingdom]] traditionally wear [[academic scarf|academic scarves]] with distinctive combinations of striped [[school colours|colours]] identifying their individual university or college. Members of the [[Scouting]] Movement wear scarves as part of their uniform, with different colours and logos to represent their scout group. They are also used at camps to represent units, subcamps or the camp as a whole. Fun scarves are also used as memorabilia at Scout events and country scarves are often traded at international gatherings. ==Scarves in sport== Since at least the early 1900s, when the phenomenon began in Britain, colored scarves have been traditional supporter wear for fans of [[Football (soccer)|association football]] teams across the world, even those in warmer climates. These scarves come in a wide variety of sizes and are made in a club's particular colors and may contain the club crest, pictures of renowned players, and various slogans relating to the history of the club and its rivalry with others. In the United Kingdom, the most popular and traditional type is a simple design with alternating bars of color in the individual team's traditional colors. In continental Europe many [[Ultras]] groups produce their own scarf designs. As part of pre-match build-ups, or during matches, fans will create a 'scarf wall' in which all supporters in a section of the stadium will stretch out their scarves above their heads with both hands, creating an impressive 'wall' of color, usually accompanied by the singing of a club anthem such as "[[You'll Never Walk Alone (song)|You'll Never Walk Alone]]" at [[Liverpool F.C.]]<ref>''[http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5276731486322975785 You'll Never Walk Alone]'', Liverpool Football Club, 2005</ref> or "Grazie Roma" at [[A.S. Roma]]. This was initially solely a British phenomenon, but has since spread to Europe and South America. Scarf wearing is also a noted feature of support for [[Australian rules football]] clubs in the [[Australian Football League]], and are always in the form of alternating bars of color, usually with the team name or mascot written on each second bar. ==Manufacture== The craft of knitting [[garment]]s such as scarves is an important trade in some countries. Hand-knitted scarves are still common as gifts as well. Respectively in [[fashion]], the [[France|French]] company [[Hermès]], [[Italy|Italian]] brand [[Salvatore Ferragamo]], and [[United States|American]] [[fashion designer]], [[Marisol Deluna]] are known for their collections of silk scarves internationally. ==Other terms== A scarf is also known as a muffler in some dialects.<ref> Muffler, Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/muffler]</ref> Scarves are also known as sweater necklaces in some towns in Pennsylvania, USA. ==References== {{reflist}} ==Links== * [http://www.content-corral.com/Article/History-of-the-scarf/11668 Patrick Smith: History of the scarf] * [http://www.starscarves.com/ Scarves and Head Scarves] [[Category:Headgear]] [[Category:Scarves| ]] [[Category:Types of clothing]] [[cs:Šála]] [[de:Schal]] [[es:Bufanda]] [[fr:Écharpe (vêtement)]] [[ko:스카프]] [[ja:マフラー (防寒具)]] [[nl:Sjaal]] [[no:Skjerf]] [[pl:Szalik]] [[ru:Шарф]] [[simple:Scarf]] [[fi:Huivi]] [[sv:Halsduk]] [[zh:圍巾]]