Screaming 3911668 225362539 2008-07-13T08:17:31Z 66.31.223.179 {{Other|Scream (disambiguation)}} {{wiktionarypar4|scream|shout|holler|yell}} [[Image:The Scream.jpg|thumb|right|A painting by Edvard Munch entitled Skrik ([[The Scream|Scream]]).]] A '''scream''', '''shout''', '''holler''', or '''yell''' is a loud human audio vocalization where the person makes a loud cry by expelling air from their lungs. ==Motivation== These exclamations may be motivated by extreme emotion such as horror, excitement, or pain. ===Fear=== When human beings are taken over by extreme fear they may scream for various and sometimes intermingled reasons. These reasons include scaring away an attacker, calling attention to themselves for help. Screaming as a result of fear from a [[practical joke]] may be cause for [[embarrassment]]. ===Happiness=== When people are overcome by joy such at an encounter with someone which they long to encounter such as their romantic interest or family member or friend who has been away they may exclaim with a scream their excitement for this occasion. People often scream out of joy when something happy has happened to them, like winning a prize. This is usually because of surprise or intense emotion. ===Pain=== When people suffer from injuries which are very painful such as broken bones or gun shot wounds, they often scream in pain or surprise. This may be a vocalization used to deal with the shock of the incident or perhaps an evolutionary adaptation used to warn others of danger. [[Image:Anger during a protest by David Shankbone.jpg|thumb|right|Two people arguing in a "shouting match".]] ==Purpose== ===Dialogue=== Some people, when [[argument|arguing]] begin to raise their voices to the point that they are screaming at each other in anger while continuing their debate exchange. Terminology includes "shouting match". ===Military=== [[Drill instructors]] frequently use this tactic and its associated fear and intimidation to train recruits whilst fostering obedience and expedience. [[Image:Drill sergeant screams.jpg|thumb|right|A [[United States Marine Corps|U.S.M.C.]] drill instructor yelling.]] ==Audio== The decibel levels of screams may be very high, and this has become an issue in the sport of tennis, particularly with regards to [[Maria Sharapova|Maria Sharapova's]] loud [[tennis grunt]]s which have been measured as high as 101.2 decibels.<ref name="grunt">[http://www.theage.com.au/news/tennis/grunters-told-to-stop-the-racket/2007/12/18/1197740272449.html Tennis grunters told to stop the racket], by Linda Pearce, The Age.com, retrieved December 19, 2007</ref> The human range for screaming in decibels is between 0 and 112.8 which is the world record held by Alan Myatt.<ref name="rec">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/1396836.stm Quiet night's sleep for 'world's loudest man'], BBC Health News, June 19, 2001</ref>The pitch varies depending on the justification for a scream. Also a music genre called screamo is a type of genre where the vocalist screams other than sing. It is used in metal, emo, hardcore, and other music genres. The purpose of screaming in this music is to express emotion in a more strong way. ==Popular Culture== The [[Wilhelm scream]] is film's most familiar scream and has been edited into many movies since 1951. Scream is also the title of the cd released by Tokio Hotel in 2007. Tokio Hotel is the german alternitive music group with four members Bill Tom Gustav and Georg. ==See also== *[[Rebel yell]] *[[Battle cry]] *[[The Shout]] [[Category:Oral communication]] [[fr:Cri (voix)]] [[pt:Grito]]