Sergei Korsakoff
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[[Image:Sergey Korsakov.jpg|thumb|Korsakov in 1885]]
'''Sergei Sergeievich Korsakoff''' ({{lang-ru|Сергей Сергеевич Корсаков}}; [[January 22]] [[1854]], [[Vladimir]] - [[May 1]] [[1900]], [[Moscow]]) was a [[Russia]]n [[Neuropsychiatry|neuropsychiatrist]].
Sergei Korsakoff was the first of great Russian neuropsychiatrists. He studied [[medicine]] at the University of Moscow, graduated in 1875 and subsequently became [[physician]] to ''"Preobrazhenski"'' ({{lang-ru|Преображенский}}) [[psychiatric hospital|mental hospital]]. From 1876 to 1879 he gained [[postgraduate education|postgraduate]] experience in the [[clinic]] for nervous diseases under [[Aleksei Kozhevnikov]]. His [[thesis]] ''"Alcoholic Paralysis"'' won him the medical [[doctorate]] in 1887. In 1892 he was appointed professor extraordinarius at a new university [[Psychiatry|psychiatric]] clinic. During this time he visited [[Vienna]] where he was a pupil of [[Theodor Meynert]]. He was ''ordinarius'' of [[neurology]] and [[psychiatry]] from 1899 until his [[death]] the next year.
Korsakoff was one of the greatest neuropsychiatrists of the 19th century and published numerous works in [[neuropathology]], [[psychiatry]], and [[forensic medicine]]. Apart from his studies on [[alcohol]]ic [[psychosis]], he introduced the concept of [[paranoia]] and wrote an excellent [[textbook]] on psychiatry. Korsakoff studied the effects of [[alcoholism]] on the [[nervous system]] and drew attention to several cases of alcoholic [[polyneuropathy]] with distinctive mental [[symptom]]s. An able organiser, he was instrumental in founding the Moscow Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists. The ''"Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imenia Korsakov"'' ({{lang-ru|Журнал невропаталогий и психиатрий имение Корсаков}}, Korsakoff's Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry) was named after him.
==Associated eponyms==
* ''[[Korsakoff's syndrome|Korsakoff's psychosis and syndrome]]'': [[amnesia|Amnestic]]-confabulatory syndrome with three salient features (1) severe [[memory]] defect, especially for recent events; (2) [[confabulation]], i.e. falsification of memory in an alert, responsive individual; and (3) [[polyneuropathy]] (''psychosis polyneuritica''), usually associated with [[alcoholism]] and [[malnutrition]].
* ''[[Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome]]'' or ''Polioencephalitis hemorrhagica superior'' associated with ''Korsakoff's psychosis'': A condition characterized by [[nystagmus]], ocular and conjugate [[gaze palsie]]s, [[ataxia]] and [[psychosis]] due to nutritional deficiency, more specifically of [[thiamine]] and observed mainly, though not exclusively, in alcoholics.
==Bibliography==
* Barry G. Firkin and J.A. Whitworth: ''Dictionary of Medical Eponyms''. Parthenon Publishing Group. New edition 2002
{{DEFAULTSORT:Korsakoff, Sergei Sergeievich}}
[[Category:1854 births]]
[[Category:1900 deaths]]
[[Category:Russian psychiatrists]]
[[de:Sergei Sergejewitsch Korsakow]]
[[nl:Sergej Korsakov]]
[[pl:Siergiej Korsakow]]
[[ru:Корсаков, Сергей Сергеевич]]