Serinus 247363 217378493 2008-06-05T19:49:04Z 74.249.63.234 /* Serinus sensu stricto */ {{ redirect3|Serin|For the similarly-sounding nerve agent, see [[Sarin]]}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Serinus'' | image = Rune i bokhyllan 6.JPG | image_width = 240px | image_caption = A domesticated ''S. canaria'' | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] | classis = [[bird|Aves]] | ordo = [[Passeriformes]] | familia = [[Fringillidae]] | genus = '''''Serinus''''' | genus_authority = [[Carl Ludwig Koch|Koch]], 1816 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. }} The genus '''''[[Serinus]]''''' is a large genus of [[bird]]s in the [[finch]] family Fringillidae found mostly in the Afrotropical region with some outlying species in Europe and Asia. The genus contains several species groups including [[canary|canaries]], [[citrils]], [[seedeater]]s and the African [[siskin|siskins]]. The majority of species are small to medium sized birds with green and yellow, often streaky plumage though there are a few notable exceptions. The treatment of the Canary group as a single genus has been subject to much debate, with behavioural and vocal characters being used to divide it into seven or more genera. Recent investigations using part of the [[mitochondrial]] [[cytochrome b]] [[gene]] have suggested the genus consists of two main clades ('''''Serinus sensu stricto''''' and '''''Crithagra''''') separated by certain members of the genus ''[[Carduelis]]'', and these may be better treated as two separate genera. Species in the ''Crithagra'' clade could conceivably be split further into several more (sub)genera and may well be once relationships within the clade are better resolved. In the list below they are arranged in the groups as suggested in various publications e.g.(Elzen et al) and (Ryan et al). ==''Serinus'' sensu stricto== * [[Red-fronted Serin]], ''Serinus pusillus'' * [[European Serin]], ''Serinus serinus'' * [[Syrian Serin]], ''Serinus syriacus'' * [[Canary]], ''Serinus canaria'' * [[Cape Canary]], ''Serinus canicollis'' * [[Yellow-crowned Canary]], ''Serinus flavivertex'' * [[Abyssinian Siskin]], ''Serinus nigriceps'' * [[Black-headed Canary]], ''Serinus alario'' (sometimes placed in genus ''[[Alario]]'') ==''(Sub)Genus: Crithagra''== ===''Dendrospiza'' group=== * [[African Citril]], ''Serinus citrinelloides'' * [[Black-faced Canary]], ''Serinus capistratus'' * [[Papyrus Canary]], ''Serinus koliensis'' * [[Forest Canary]], ''Serinus scotops'' ===''Ochrospiza'' group=== * [[White-rumped Seedeater]], ''Serinus leucopygius'' * [[Yemen Serin]], ''Serinus menachensis'' * [[Olive-rumped Serin]], ''Serinus rothschildi'' * [[Yellow-throated Serin]], ''Serinus flavigula'' * [[Salvadori's Serin]], ''Serinus xantholaemus'' * [[Black-throated Canary]], ''Serinus atrogularis'' * [[Yellow-rumped Serin]], ''Serinus xanthopygius'' * [[Lemon-breasted Seedeater]], ''Serinus citrinipectus'' * [[Yellow-fronted Canary]], ''Serinus mozambicus'' * [[White-bellied Canary]], ''Serinus dorsostriatus'' ===''Crithagra'' group=== * [[Northern Grosbeak-canary]], ''Serinus donaldsoni'' * [[Southern Grosbeak-canary]], ''Serinus buchanani'' * [[Yellow Canary]], ''Serinus flaviventris'' * [[Brimstone Canary]], ''Serinus sulphuratus'' * [[White-throated Canary]], ''Serinus albogularis'' ===''Poliospiza'' group=== * [[Black-eared Seedeater]], ''Serinus mennelli'' * [[Brown-rumped Seedeater]], ''Serinus tristriatus'' * [[Streaky-headed Seedeater]], ''Serinus gularis'' * [[Reichard's Seedeater]], ''Serinus reichardi'' ===''Pseudochloroptila'' group=== * [[Cape Siskin]], ''Serinus totta'' * [[Drakensberg Siskin]], ''Serinus symonsi'' ===''Group uncertain''=== * [[Protea Canary]], ''Serinus leucopterus'' * [[Streaky Seedeater]], ''Serinus striolatus'' * [[Thick-billed Seedeater]], ''Serinus burtoni'' * [[Principe Seedeater]], ''Serinus rufobrunneus'' ==''Genus uncertain''== These species may be related to various groups currently classified as members of ''[[Carduelis]]'': * [[Mountain Serin]], ''Serinus estherae'' * [[Tibetan Serin]], ''Serinus thibetanus'' * [[Ankober Serin]], ''Serinus ankoberensis'' The [[Citril Finch]] and the [[Corsican Finch]] are now placed in the genus ''[[Carduelis]]'' as ''Carduelis citrinella'' and ''Carduelis corsicana'' (Arnaiz-Villena ''et al.'', 1998). ==References== * '''Arnaiz-Villena''', A.; Álvarez-Tejado, M.; Ruiz-del-Valle, V.; García-de-la-Torre, C.; Varela, P.; Recio, M. J.; Ferre. S. & Martínez-Laso, J. (1998): Phylogeny and rapid Northern and Southern Hemisphere speciation of goldfinches during the Miocene and Pliocene Epochs. ''Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences'' '''54''': 1031–1041. {{DOI|10.1007/s000180050230}} (article, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/r1ukblmke5d3uy1v/fulltext.pdf PDF fulltext]<!-- check this link periodically -->) {{DOI|10.1007/s000180050280}} (erratum, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/8bv2f9qrwau86ln0/fulltext.pdf PDF fulltext]<!-- check this link periodically -->) * '''Arnaiz-Villena''', A., Moscoso, J., Ruiz-del-Valle, V., Gonzalez, J., Reguera, R., Wink, M., I. Serrano-Vela, J. 2007. Bayesian phylogeny of Fringillinae birds: status of the singular African oriole finch Linurgus olivaceus and evolution and heterogeneity of the genus Carpodacus. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 53 (5):826 - 834. [http://www.actazool.org/pdftemp/%7BC6BDA075-F92E-48AF-815F-98BED7C65FE5%7D.pdf PDF fulltext] * '''Elzen''', R. van den & H. Nemeschkal (1991): Radiation in African canaries (Carduelidae): A comparison of different classificatory approaches. - Acta XX. Congr. Intern. Orn., Christchurch 1990: 459 - 467. * '''Ryan''', P.G.; Wright, D.; Oatley, G.; Wakeling, J.; Cohen, C.; Nowell, T.L.; Bowie, R.C.K.; Ward, V. & Crowe, T.M. 2004. Systematics of Serinus canaries and the status of Cape and Yellow-crowned Canaries inferred from mtDNA and morphology. Ostrich 75:288-294. ==External links== *[http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=195 Serin videos] on the Internet Bird Collection [[Category:Serinus|*]] [[Category:Genera of birds]] [[de:Girlitze]] [[fa:سهره دمگاه‌زرد]] [[fr:Serinus]] [[io:Serino]] [[it:Serinus]] [[fi:Keltahempot]] [[sv:Serinus]] [[tr:Serinus]]