Sharif
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{{Unreferenced|date=December 2007}}
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'''''Sharīf''''' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: شريف) is a traditional [[Arab]] [[Tribe|tribal]] [[title]] given to those who serve as the protector of the tribe and all tribal assets, such as property, wells, and land.
Primarily [[Sunni Islam|Sunnis]] in the [[Arab world]] reserve the term ''sharif'' for descendants of [[Hasan ibn Ali]], while ''sayyid'' is used for descendants of [[Husayn ibn Ali]]. Both Hasan and Husayn are grandchildren of [[Muhammad]], through the marriage of his cousin [[Ali]] and his daughter [[Fatima]]. However ever since the post-Hashemite era began, the term ''sayyid'' has been used to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn. Arab [[Shia Islam|Shiites]] use the terms ''sayyid'' and ''habib'' to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn; see also [[ashraf]].
From 1201 until the [[Hejaz]] was conquered by [[Ibn Saud]] in 1925, this family held the office of the [[Sharif of Mecca|Sharīf of Makkah]], often also carrying the title and office of King of Hejaz. Descendants now rule the [[Jordan|Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan]], the name being taken from the [[Banu Hashim]], the sub-tribe of [[Banu Quraish]], to which Muhammad belonged.
The word has no etymological connection with the [[English language|English]] term ''[[sheriff]]'', which comes from the [[Old English language|Old English]] word ''scīrgerefa'', meaning "shire-reeve," the local [[Reeve (England)|reeve]] (enforcement agent) of the king in the [[shire]] (county).
==Usage in Popular culture==
* "[[Rock the Casbah]]," a song by [[The Clash]]
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[[Category:Titles]]
[[Category:Arabic words and phrases]]
[[Category:Islamic honorifics]]
[[Category:Titles in Pakistan]]
[[az:Şərif]]
[[ca:Xerif]]
[[da:Scherif]]
[[de:Scherif]]
[[es:Jerife]]
[[fr:Chérif]]
[[it:Sharif]]
[[he:שריף (אסלאם)]]
[[lv:Šarifs]]
[[nl:Sjarief]]
[[sv:Sharif]]
[[tr:Şerif (din)]]