She language
1666894
224355928
2008-07-08T14:16:49Z
Tropylium
400620
/* Consonants */ Table ordered
{{Infobox Language
|name=She language
|nativename=Ho Ne
|pronunciation={{IPA|[hɔ<sup>22</sup> ne<sup>53</sup>]}}
|states=[[China]]
|region=[[Guangdong]]
|speakers=1,200 (2002)
|familycolor=Hmong-Mien
|nation=none
|iso3=shx}}
The '''She language''', spoken by the [[She people]], is a [[Hmong-Mien]] language. Most of the over 709,000 She people today speak [[Chinese dialects]]. Those who retain their own language - approximately 1,200 individuals in [[Guangdong]] province - call themselves ''Ho Ne'' "mountain people" (Chinese: 活聂 huóniè).
== Phonology ==
=== [[Consonant]]s ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|
! colspan="2"|'''[[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]]'''
! rowspan="2"|'''[[Labiodental consonant|Labio-<br/>dental]]'''
! colspan="2"|'''[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]'''
! colspan="3"|'''[[Velar consonant|Velar]]'''
! colspan="2"|'''[[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]'''
|-
! <small>Plain</small>
! <small>[[Palatalization|Palatalized]]</small>
! <small>Plain</small>
! <small>Palatzd</small>
! <small>Plain</small>
! <small>Palatzd</small>
! <small>[[Labialization|Labialized]]</small>
! <small>Plain</small>
! <small>Palatzd</small>
|-
! rowspan="2"|'''[[Nasal consonant|Nasals]]'''
! <small>[[voice (phonetics)|Voiced]]</small>
| {{IPA|m}} || {{IPA|mʲ}}
|
| {{IPA|n}} || {{IPA|nʲ}}
| {{IPA|ŋ}} || {{IPA|ŋʲ}} ||
| ||
|-
! <small>[[voice (phonetics)|Voiceless]]</small>
| ||
|
| ||
| {{IPA|ŋ̊}} || ||
| ||
|-
! rowspan="2"| '''[[Stop consonant|Plosives]]'''
! <small>Voiceless [[aspiration (phonetics)|unaspirated]]</small>
| {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|pʲ}}
|
| {{IPA|t}} || {{IPA|tʲ}}
| {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|kʲ}} || {{IPA|kʷ}}
| ||
|-
! <small>Voiceless [[aspiration (phonetics)|aspirated]]</small>
| {{IPA|pʰ}} || {{IPA|pʰʲ}}
|
| {{IPA|tʰ}} || {{IPA|tʰʲ}}
| {{IPA|kʰ}} || {{IPA|kʰʲ}} || {{IPA|kʰʷ}}
| ||
|-
! rowspan="2"| '''[[Affricate consonant|Affricates]]'''
! <small>Voiceless unaspirated</small>
| ||
|
| {{IPA|ts}} || {{IPA|tsʲ}}
| || ||
| ||
|-
! <small>Voiceless aspirated</small>
| ||
|
| {{IPA|tsʰ}} || {{IPA|tsʰʲ}}
| || ||
| ||
|-
! rowspan="2"|'''[[Fricative consonant|Fricatives]]'''
! <small>Voiceless</small>
| ||
| {{IPA|f}}
| {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|sʲ}}
| || ||
| {{IPA|h}} || {{IPA|hʲ}}
|-
! <small>Voiced</small>
| ||
| {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA|z}} || {{IPA|zʲ}}
| || ||
| ||
|}
=== [[Vowels]] ===
==References==
*Mao, Zongwu & Meng, Chaoji. 1986. ''She yu jian zhi'' (A Sketch of the She language). Beijing, China: Nationalities Press. (毛宗武, 蒙朝吉. 1986. 畬語簡志. 北京: 民族出版社)
*Ratliff, Martha. 1998. Ho Ne (She) is Hmongic: One final argument. ''Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area'' 21.2:97-109.
*You, Wenliang. 2002. ''She zu yu yan'' (The Language of the She people). Fuzhou, China: Fujian People's Publishing House. (游文良. 2002. 畲族语言. 福州: 福建人民出版社)
[[Category:Hmong-Mien languages]]
[[Category:Languages of China]]
[[ja:シェ語]]
[[zh:畲语]]