Shear strength
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2008-05-02T22:36:56Z
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'''Shear strength''' in [[engineering]] is a term used to [[describe]] the strength of a material or component against the type of [[Yield (engineering)|yield]] or [[structural failure]] where the material or component fails in [[Shearing (physics)|shear]].
In [[structural engineering|structural]] and [[mechanical engineering]] the shear strength of a component is important for designing the dimensions and materials to be used for the manufacture/construction of the component. For example, [[beam (structure)|beams]], plates, bolts etc. In a [[reinforced concrete]] beam, the main purpose of [[rebar|stirrups]] is to increase the shear strength.
For [[shear stress]] <math>\tau</math> applies
:<math>\tau = \frac {\sigma_1 - \sigma_2}{2} ,</math>
where
:<math>\sigma_1</math> is major principal stress
:<math>\sigma_2</math> is minor principal stress
In general: ductile materials fail in shear (ex. aluminum), whereas brittle materials (ex. cast iron) fail in tension. See [[tensile strength]].
To calculate:
Given failing force and area, example-bolt shear strength:
:<math>\tau = \frac {F}{A} = \frac {F}{\pi r_{bolt}^2} = \frac {4F}{\pi d_{bolt}^2}</math>
==See also==
* [[Shear modulus]]
* [[Shear stress]]
* [[Shear strain]]
* [[Shear strength (soil)]]
{{engineering-stub}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2007}}
[[Category:Mechanical engineering]]
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