Sima Lozanić
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{{Infobox Person |
name=Sima Lozanić |
image=Sima_lozanic.jpg |
caption= Portrait of ''Sima Lozanić'', [[1905]] |
dead=dead |
birth_date={{birth date|1847|2|24|mf=y}} |
birth_place=[[Belgrade]], [[Ottoman Empire]] |
death_date=circa [[June 7]], [[1935]] |
death_place=[[Belgrade]], [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]]
}}
'''Sima Lozanić''' ([[Serbian language|Serbian]] [[Cyrillic]]: Сима Лозанић) ([[1847]]-[[1935]]) was a [[Serb]]ian [[Chemistry|chemist]], president of the [[Serbian Royal Academy]] and the first rector of [[University of Belgrade]].
==Biography==
Lozanić was born [[February 24]], [[1847]] in [[Belgrade]], [[Principality of Serbia|Serbia]]. He completed legal studies in Belgrade, studied chemistry under Professor [[Johannes Wislicenius]] in [[Zurich]] and later with Professor [[August Wilhelm von Hofmann]] in [[Berlin]]. He earned his [[doctorate degree]] on [[March 19]], [[1870]] at the [[University of Zurich]]. He was a professor at the "Great School" ([[Serbian language|Serbian:]]: Велика школа/Velika škola) from [[1872]] and at the [[Faculty of Philosophy (Belgrade University)|Faculty of Philosophy]] of the University of Belgrade until [[1924]].
When the University of Belgrade was founded in [[1905]], he was among the first eight full-time professors who selected the entire remaining academic staff. Sima Lozanić was then chosen as the first rector of the university. His 1905 opening ceremony words remained recorded as the following:
:"''Our previous belief that [[Serbs|Serbian]] people will unite not by spelling books but by weapons was disastrous for our people's intellect. I believe the contrary - that education will be the main factor in solving that important question of ours and that it would have already been solved if we had better cared for our education. Therefore, I believe that education is the force that achieves all the goals. Had our education been more advanced, everything in the life of our people would have been better and more successful.''"
[[Image:SimaLozanic1.jpg|left|thumb|170px|Sima Lozanić Portrait by [[Uroš Predić]], [[1905]]]]
His chemistry classes paralleled, perhaps exceeded in some cases, those of the top [[Europe]]an universities. They were organized with well-equipped laboratories and libraries, and produced some of the first chemistry textbooks. Lozanić himself wrote a number of textbooks, which covered various subject areas of chemistry: [[Inorganic chemistry]], [[Organic chemistry]], [[Analytical chemistry]] and [[Biotechnology|Chemical technology]]. His textbooks were internationally renowned and in some areas groundbreaking. For example, Lozanić's Inorganic Chemistry textbook was the first European university textbook with [[Dmitri Mendeleev|Dmitriy Mendeleyev]]'s [[periodic table]] of [[Chemical element|elements]] and one of the first containing a chapter on [[Thermochemistry]]. His Organic Chemistry textbooks are among the first books in which the [[Chemical compound|compounds]] were represented by [[structural formula]]s.
He also did scientific and professional work related to all areas of [[Chemistry]]; some of his most valued works were about [[electrosynthesis]] in which he researched the reactions of [[Carbon monoxide|CO]] and [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] with other [[Chemical substance|substances]] under the effect of [[electric discharge]]. He published over 200 scientific papers in [[Chemistry|applied]] and [[Chemistry|experimental]] chemistry.
He performed the first analysis of ''thermal water'' of [[Gamzigrad]] [[destination spa|spa]] in [[1889]]. He became a member of [[Serbian Academic Society]] on [[January 30]], [[1873]], associate member of [[Serbian Royal Academy]] on [[January 23]] [[1888]] and became a full member on [[January 6]], [[1890]]. He was a president of Serbian Royal Academy twice - [[1899]] to [[1900]] and [[1903]] to [[1906]]. From [[1907]] to [[1912]] he was a preseident of [[Serbian Chemistry Society]].
He was the minister of industry from [[January 12]] [[1894]] to [[March 21]] [[1894]], and [[October 15]] [[1894]] to [[June 25]] [[1895]] and [[October 11]] [[1897]] to [[June 30]] [[1899]], [[minister of foreign affairs]] from [[March 21]] [[1894]] to [[October 15]] [[1894]] and from [[December 23]], [[1902]] to [[March 23]], [[1903]], as well as a diplomat and participant in all wars of the time. Lozanić was the ambassador of the Serbian government in [[London]] from [[1900]]. He was a president of Serbian refugee aid committee in [[1916]] and a head of [[United States|US]] mission for aid and support of Serbia from [[1917]].
He was voted the first honored doctor of sciences of the University of Belgrade. He died [[June 7]] [[1935]] in Belgrade, in the age of 89. His son [[Milivoje S. Lozanić]] was also a chemist and inherited his university position as the professor of Chemistry courses.
An exhibition "Sima Lozanić in Serbian science and culture" was held in his honor, organized by [[Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts]] from January to March [[1993]], in Academy's gallery in [[Knez Mihailova]] street in [[Belgrade]]. His life and work was especially investigated by chemist [[Snežana Bojović]], who wrote a 262-page book ''Sima Lozanić''.
==See also==
*[[Lozanić's triangle]].
==Resources==
===References===
<div class="references-small">
*{{cite book | author=Bojovic, Snezana| title=Sima Lozanic in Serbian science and culture | publisher=MHT | year=1993 | id= ISBN B0000D6RBS}} [http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0000D6RBS]
*{{cite book | author=Bojovic, Snezana | title=Sima Lozanic, 1847-1935 | publisher=Princip | year=1996 | id= ISBN 86-82273-04-7 }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.yu/History/ministri/SLozanic_e.html|title=The List of the Ministers for Foreign Affairs since the Forming of the First Government in 1811 to This Day|work=|accessyear=2006|accessdate=January 20}}
*{{cite web|url=http://helix.chem.bg.ac.yu/hf/istorija/|title=The Chemistry Faculty|work=|accessyear=2006|accessdate=January 20}}
</div>
===External links===
*[http://www.sanu.ac.yu Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lozanic, Sima}}
[[Category:1847 births]]
[[Category:1935 deaths]]
[[Category:Serbian chemists]]
[[Category:People from Belgrade]]
[[sl:Sima Lozanić]]
[[sr:Сима Лозанић]]