Simeon
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{{Mergefrom|Simon|date=June 2007}}'''Simeon''', or '''Shimon''' is a given name, from the Hebrew {{lang|he|שִׁמְעוֹן}} ([[Biblical Hebrew|Biblical]] ''Šimʿon'', [[Tiberian Hebrew|Tiberian]] ''Šimʿôn''). In Greek, it is written Συμεών, hence the Latinized spelling ''Symeon''.
==Meaning==
The name is derived from [[Simeon (Biblical figure)|Simeon]], son of [[Jacob]] and [[Leah]], patriarch of the [[Tribe of Simeon]]. The text of [[Genesis]] (29:33) argues that the name of ''Simeon'' refers to Leah's belief that [[YHWH|God]] had heard that she was hated by Jacob, in the sense of not being as favoured as [[Rachel]].
:{{lang|he|כִּי־שָׁמַע יְהוָה כִּי־שְׂנוּאָה אָנֹכִי וַיִּתֶּן־לִי גַּם־אֶת־זֶה וַתִּקְרָא שְׁמֹו שִׁמְעֹון׃}}
:"Because the LORD hath heard that I was hated, he hath therefore given me this son also: and she called his name Simeon."
implying a derivation from the [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] term ''shama on''{{Fact|date=June 2007}}, meaning "he has heard"; this is a similar etymology as the Torah gives for the theophoric name ''[[Ishmael]]'' ("God has heard"; Genesis 16:11), on the basis of which it has been argued that the tribe of Simeon may originally have been an [[Ishmaelite]] group (Cheyne and Black, ''Encyclopedia Biblica''). In [[classical rabbinical literature|classical rabbinical sources]], the name is sometimes interpreted as meaning "he who listens [to the words of God]" ([[Genesis Rabbah]] 61:4), and at other times thought to derive from ''sham 'in'', meaning "there is sin", which is argued to be a prophetic reference to [[Zimri]]'s sexual miscegenation with a [[Midianite]] woman, a type of relationship which rabbinical sources regard as sinful (''Jewish Encyclopedia'').
==People called Simeon==
===Before Christ===
*[[Simeon (Hebrew Bible)]], one of Jacob's sons
*[[Tribe of Simeon]], one of the [[twelve tribes of Israel]]
* [[Simon I (High Priest)|Simeon I]] (''ca'' 300 BCE), Jewish High Priest, possibly identical with Simeon the Just
* [[Simon II (High Priest)|Simon II]] (219–199 BCE), Jewish High Priest, possibly identical with Simeon the Just
*[[Simeon the Just]] (3rd century BCE?) a Jewish High Priest, also called "Simeon the Righteous" (not the same as the New Testament figure, below)
===Through 700 AD===
*[[Simeon the Righteous]], figure in the New Testament who blessed Jesus and his parents in the Jerusalem temple
*[[Simeon of Jerusalem|Simeon/Symeon of Jerusalem]], 2nd Bishop of Jerusalem, perhaps one of the [[Seventy Apostles]] sent out by [[Jesus]]
*[[Shimon ben Gamliel]], Nasi of the Sanhedrin in 50 CE<!-- not a bit later?-->
*[[Shimon ben Gamliel II]], Nasi of the Sanhedrin in c. 118 CE
*[[Shimon bar Yohai]], a rabbi of the Tannaim period, possibly the author of the ''[[Zohar]]''
*[[Simeon Stylites]] (''ca'' 388–459), a Christian [[stylites|pillar-hermit]] from Sisan, Syria
*[[Simeon Stylites the Younger]] (521–597), a hermit and [[stylites|pillar-hermit]] from Antioch
*[[Simeon Stylites III]], a 5th century (?) [[stylites|pillar-hermit]]
*Simeon was the name of one priest and one deacon martyred with [[Abda and Abdjesus]]
*[[Simeon the Holy Fool]], Christian saint and hermit of the VI-th century
===From 701 AD to 1800 AD===
*[[Simeon I of Bulgaria]] (866–927), a Bulgarian tsar
*[[Symeon Metaphrastes]] (10th century?) was the most renowned of the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] [[hagiographer]]s
*[[Symeon the New Theologian]]: (949–1022) [[Eastern Orthodox]] [[saint]]
*[[Simeon (abbot)]] (994–1094), Abbot of [[Ely Cathedral]]
*[[Simeon Seth]] (''fl.'' 1070), Jewish Byzantine physician, writer, and grand chamberlain from Antioch
*[[Stefan Nemanja|Saint Simeon, born Stefan Nemanja]] (1109–1199), Serbian ruler and saint of the [[Serb Orthodox Church]]
*[[Symeon of Durham]] (d. after 1129), English chronicler and monk at Jarrow.
*[[Simeon the Proud]], a 14th century Grand Prince of Moscow
*[[Simon of Trent]], a 15th century boy supposedly killed by Jews, and formerly a martyr of the Catholic church
===Since 1800 AD===
*[[Simeon II of Bulgaria]], the last Bulgarian tsar before the Communist government
Simeon Krastnikov, a famous Bulgarian rockstar.
*[[Simeon Coxe]] (usually known only as Simeon), musician with the group Silver Apples
*[[Simeon S. Willis]], a U.S. lawyer, judge and politician; he was governor of Kentucky from 1943–1947.
Simeon was also the name of a commercial email client from the late 90's
==See also==
*[[Simon]]
*[[Simone]]
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[[Category:Given names]]
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[[fr:Siméon]]
[[ko:시메온]]
[[he:שמעון (פירושונים)]]
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[[ja:シメオン]]
[[pl:Symeon]]
[[pt:Simeão]]
[[zh:西缅]]