Sodium bromide
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YixilTesiphon
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{{Expand|article|date=May 2007}}
{{Chembox new
| Name = Sodium bromide
| ImageFile = Sodium bromide.jpg
<!-- | ImageSize = 150px -->
| ImageName = Sodium bromide
| ImageFile1 = Sodium-bromide-3D-ionic.png
<!-- | ImageSize1 = 150px -->
| ImageName1 = Sodium bromide
| IUPACName = Sodium bromide
| OtherNames =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 7647-15-6
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = NaBr
| MolarMass = 102.894 g/mol
| Appearance = White powder
| Density = 3.21 g/cm³, solid
| Solubility = 73.3 g/100 mL (20 °C)<br />116.0 g/100 mL (50 °C)
| MeltingPt = 755 °C
| BoilingPt = 1390 °C
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.physchem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/SO/sodium_bromide.html External MSDS]
| EUClass = mild irritant ('''I''')
| RPhrases = {{R36}}, {{R37}}, {{R38}}.
| SPhrases = {{S26}}, {{S37}}, {{S39}}.
| FlashPt = Non-flammable.
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[sodium chloride|NaCl]]
| OtherCations = [[potassium bromide|KBr]]
}}
}}
'''Sodium bromide''', also known as '''sedoneural'''<ref>http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/S3170.htm</ref> is a [[salt]] with the formula [[sodium|Na]][[bromine|Br]], widely used as an [[anticonvulsant]] and a [[sedative]] in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its action is due to the bromide ion ([[potassium bromide]] is equally effective).<ref>http://www.canine-epilepsy.com/Bromide.html</ref> It is a high-melting white, crystalline solid that resembles [[sodium chloride]]. It is a widely used source of the bromide ion.
==Principal chemical reactions==
NaBr is widely used in [[organic synthesis]] as a [[nucleophile]] to convert [[organochlorine]] compounds to organobromine derivatives, which are more usefully (selectively) reactive.
:NaBr + RCl → RBr + NaCl
Sodium bromide can be used as a source of the [[chemical element]] [[bromine]]. This can be accomplished by bubbling [[chlorine]] gas through an aqueous solution of NaBr.
As a source of [[HBr]], NaBr is treated with a strong, non-volatile acid:
:NaBr + H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> → HBr + [[NaH2PO4|NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>]]
HBr can also be oxidized to Br<sub>2</sub> using [[MnO2|MnO<sub>2</sub>]] or concentrated [[H2SO4|H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>]].
==Other applications==
*as a [[hypnotic]], [[anticonvulsant]], and [[sedative]] in [[medicine]]. As a source of the bromide ion, which is pharmacologically active, it is equivalent to [[potassium bromide]] (see this article for more complete discussion of this topic).
*in [[photography]]
*to establish a [[bromide]] [[ion]] reserve in a [[bromine]] spa ([[hot tub]]) antimicrobial treatment regimen.
==Safety==
NaBr is harmful if swallowed or inhaled in large amounts, affecting the central nervous system, brain, and eyes (see [[potassium bromide]]). The chemical compound causes irritation to the skin, eyes and respiratory system.
==References==
{{Unreferenced|date =September 2007}}
<references/>
==External links==
* [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/Na/Br1Na1-7647156.html Information about NaBr].
[[Category:Sodium compounds]]
[[Category:Bromides]]
[[Category:Metal halides]]
[[Category:Salts]]
[[Category:Inorganic compounds]]
[[ar:بروميد صوديوم]]
[[ca:Bromur de sodi]]
[[de:Natriumbromid]]
[[fr:Bromure de sodium]]
[[it:Bromuro di sodio]]
[[hu:Nátrium-bromid]]
[[ja:臭化ナトリウム]]
[[pl:Bromek sodu]]
[[pt:Brometo de sódio]]
[[ru:Бромид натрия]]
[[ur:سوڈیئم برومائڈ]]
[[zh:溴化钠]]