Sodium formate
5064022
216498045
2008-06-01T22:40:49Z
166.84.1.1
[[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 216497458 by [[Special:Contributions/166.84.1.1|166.84.1.1]] ([[User talk:166.84.1.1|talk]])
{{Chembox new
| Name = Sodium formate
| ImageFile = Sodium-formate-2D.png
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageName = Structural formula of sodium formate
| OtherNames = formic acid, sodium salt
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 141-53-7
| EINECS = 205-488-0
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = HCOONa
| MolarMass = 68.01 g/mol
| Appearance = white granules<br /> [[deliquescent]]
| Density = 1.92 g/cm³, solid (20°C)
| Solubility = 97g/100ml water (20°C)
| MeltingPt = 253°C
| BoilingPt = decomposes
| pKa = 7.0-8.5 (0.1M)
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = not listed
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F =
| NFPA-R =
}}
}}
'''Sodium formate''', HCOONa, is the sodium salt of [[formic acid]], HCOOH. It usually appears as a white [[deliquescent]] powder.
==Uses==
Sodium formate is used in several fabric dying and printing processes. It is also used as a [[buffering agent]] for strong mineral acids to increase their [[pH]].
==Preparation==
Sodium formate can be prepared in the laboratory by neutralizing [[formic acid]] with [[sodium carbonate]]. It can also be obtained by reacting [[chloroform]] with an alcoholic solution of [[sodium hydroxide]].
::[[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]] + 4[[sodium hydroxide|NaOH]] → HCOONa + 3[[sodium chloride|NaCl]] + 2[[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]
or by reacting [[sodium hydroxide]] with [[chloral hydrate]].
::[[chloral hydrate|C<sub>2</sub>HCl<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>]] + [[sodium hydroxide|NaOH]] → [[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]] + HCOONa + [[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]
The latter method is generally preferred to the former because the low aqueous solubility of [[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]] makes it easier to separate out from the sodium formate solution, by [[Fractional crystallization (chemistry)|fractional crystallization]], than the soluble [[sodium chloride|NaCl]] would be.
Commercially sodium formate is produced by absorbing [[carbon monoxide]] under pressure in solid [[sodium hydroxide]] at 160 °C
::[[carbon monoxide|CO]] + [[sodium hydroxide|NaOH]] → HCOONa
==See also==
* [[sodium acetate]]
==References==
{{Unreferenced|date=September 2007}}
<references/>
[[Category:Formates]]
[[Category:Sodium compounds]]
[[Category:Inorganic compound stubs]]
[[Category:Deliquescent substances]]
[[ar:فورمات صوديوم]]
[[de:Natriumformiat]]
[[it:Formiato di sodio]]
[[ja:ギ酸ナトリウム]]
[[pl:Mrówczan sodu]]
[[pt:Formato de sódio]]
[[ru:формиат натрия]]
[[fi:Natriumformiaatti]]
[[tr:Sodyum format]]