Sodium pyrophosphate 1671205 212973461 2008-05-17T03:25:11Z 75.3.15.107 {{Chembox new | ImageFile = Sodium pyrophosphate.png | ImageSize = 200px | IUPACName = | OtherNames = tetrasodium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium phosphate | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 7722-88-5 | PubChem = | SMILES = }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> | MolarMass = 265.90 g/mol | Appearance = Colourless crystals | Density = | MeltingPt = | BoilingPt = | Solubility = }} | Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | FlashPt = | Autoignition = }} }} '''Sodium pyrophosphate''', also called '''tetrasodium pyrophosphate''' or '''tetrasodium phosphate''', is a slightly [[toxic]] and mildly [[irritant|irritating]] [[color]]less [[Transparency (optics)|transparent]] [[crystalline]] [[chemical compound]] with the [[chemical formula|formula]] {{sodium}}<sub>4</sub>{{phosphorus}}<sub>2</sub>{{oxygen}}<sub>7</sub> and [[CAS number]] 7722-88-5. It contains the [[pyrophosphate]] [[ion]]. Toxicity is approximately twice that of [[table salt]] when digested orally.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=Mk-IdNTTJB0C&pg=PA259&lpg=PA259&dq=tetrasodium+phosphate+toxicity&source=web&ots=UTcG2wT0y9&sig=_c9T9HRdwiV7pMk01T8ZLTzFkl8#PPA260,M1</ref>. There is a hydrated form, Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>.10(H<sub>2</sub>O) which has the [[CAS number]] 13472-36-1.<ref name = “Perry”> D.L. Perry S.L. Phillips (1995) ''Handbook of inorganic compounds'' CRC Press ISBN 0849386713</ref> Sodium pyrophosphate is used as a [[buffering agent]], an [[emulsifier]], and a [[thickening agent]], and is often used as a [[food additive]]. Common [[food]]s containing sodium pyrophosphate include [[chicken nugget]]s, [[marshmallows]], [[pudding]], [[crab]] meat, [[imitation crab]], canned [[tuna]], and [[soy]]-based [[meat]] alternatives. It is the active ingredient in Bakewell, the substitute for baking powder's acid component marketed during shortages in World War II. In [[toothpaste]], sodium pyrophosphate acts as a [[tartar]] control agent, serving to remove [[calcium]] and [[magnesium]] from [[saliva]] and thus preventing them from being deposited on [[teeth]]. Sodium pyrophosphate is sometimes used in household [[detergent]]s to prevent similar deposition on [[clothing]], but due to its [[phosphate]] content it causes [[eutrophication]] of [[water]], promoting [[algae]] growth. Sodium pyrophosphate is the crystal deposited in joints in the medical condition [[pseudogout]].<ref>Clinical Medicine, Kumar and Clark, 6th Ed., p. 571</ref> == See also == * [[Disodium pyrophosphate]] * [[pseudogout]] * [[food allergy]] ==References== <references/> [[Category:Sodium compounds]] [[Category:Pyrophosphates]] [[Category:Food additives]] [[ar:بيروفوسفات صوديوم]] [[de:Tetranatriumdiphosphat]] [[pt:Pirofosfato de sódio]]