Solanum
65733
225175757
2008-07-12T08:19:03Z
Tj9991
192259
[[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 225175690 by [[Special:Contributions/204.49.181.150|204.49.181.150]] ([[User talk:204.49.181.150|talk]])
:''For the fictional zombification virus, see [[The_Zombie_Survival_Guide#Solanum|The Zombie Survival Guide]].''
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Solanum''
| image = Solanum sodomeum.JPG
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Fruit of ''[[Solanum linnaeanum]]''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[flowering plants|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| subclassis = [[Asteridae]]
| ordo = [[Solanales]]
| familia = [[Solanaceae]]
| genus = '''''Solanum'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]],<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?11264
|title=Solanum information from NPGS/GRIN
|publisher=www.ars-grin.gov
|accessdate=2008-03-18
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> [[1753]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
Some 1500-2000, see text.
}}
'''''Solanum''''' is a large, variable [[genus]] of [[annual plant]]s and [[perennial plant]]s, [[forb]]s, [[vine]]s, [[sub-shrub]]s, [[shrub]]s, and small [[tree]]s. They often have attractive fruit and flowers. They are [[poison]]ous to humans (though not necessarily to other animals), but many bear edible [[fruit]]s, [[leaf|leaves]], or [[tuber]]s, and the genus includes several cultivated species, including three major food crops:
* [[Tomato]], ''Solanum lycopersicum'' (sometimes classed as ''Lycopersicon esculentum'')
* [[Potato]], ''Solanum tuberosum''
* [[Eggplant]], ''Solanum melongena''
''Solanum'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species ([[butterflies]] and [[moth]]s) - see [[list of Lepidoptera that feed on Solanum]]. Recently a new section was added to the genus, section ''Lycopersicon'' containing [[wild tomato]]es.
== Selected species ==
*''[[sodaapple nightshade|S. aculeastrum]]'' - Sodaapple nightshade
*''[[sonoita nightshade|S. adscendens]]'' - Sonoita nightshade
*''[[Solanum aethiopicum|S. aethiopicum]]'' - Ethiopian nightshade or nakati
*''[[Solanum americanum|S. americanum]]'' - Purple or glossy nightshade; American black nightshade; [[Poroporo]]
*''[[Solanum arcanum|S. arcanum]]'' Wild Tomato
*''[[Poroporo|S. aviculare]]'' - [[Poroporo]]
*''[[Solanum bahamense|S. bahamense]]'' - Bahama nightshade
*''[[Solanum bulbocastanum|S. bulbocastanum]]'' - Ornamental nightshade
*''[[Solanum burbankii|S. burbankii]]'' - Wonderberry
*''[[Solanum campechiense|S. campechiense]]'' - Redberry nightshade
*''[[Solanum canasense|S. canasense]]'' (Also known as ''S. bukasovi'')[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?100892] [[:Image:Solanum canasense0.jpg|image]]
*''[[Solanum capsicastrum|S. capsicastrum]]'' - False Jerusalem cherry
*''[[Solanum capsicoides|S. capsicoides]]'' - Cockroach berry
*''[[Solanum cardiophyllum|S. cardiophyllum]]'' - Heartleaf nightshade
*''[[Carolina horsenettle|S. carolinense]]'' - Apple of Sodom, Horsenettle
*''[[Australian desert raisin|S. centrale]]'' - Australian desert raisin (Kutjera)
*''[[Solanum commersonii|S. cheesmaniae]]''<!-- Systemat.Biodivers.1:29 -->
*''[[Solanum chenopodioides|S. chenopodioides]]'' - Goosefoot nightshade
*''[[Solanum chrysotrichum|S. chrysotrichum]]'' - Giant devil's-fig
*''[[Solanum citrullifolium|S. citrullifolium]]'' - Watermelon nightshade
*''[[Bush Tomato|S. cleistogamum]]'' - Bush Tomato
*''[[Solanum clokeyi|S. clokeyi]]'' - Clokey's nightshade
[[Image:Solanum melongena0.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Eggplant (''Solanum melongena'') ]]
*''[[Solanum commersonii|S. commersonii]]'' - Commerson's nightshade
*''[[Solanum conocarpum|S. conocarpum]]'' - Marron bacoba
*''[[Solanum crispum|S. crispum]]'' - Chilean potato vine
*''[[Solanum davisensen|S. davisensen]]'' - Davis horsenettle
*''[[Solanum demissum|S. demissum]]'' - Dwarf wild potato
*''[[Solanum dimidiatum|S. dimidiatum]]'' - Torrey's nightshade
*''[[Solanum diphyllum|S. diphyllum]]'' - Twinleaf nightshade
*''[[Solanum donianum|S. donianum]]'' - Mullein nightshade
*''[[Solanum douglasii|S. douglasii]]'' - Greenspot nightshade
*''[[Solanum drymophilum|S. drymophilum]]'' - Erubia
*''[[Solanum dulcamara|S. dulcamara]]'' - Bittersweet
*''[[Solanum elaeagnifolium|S. elaeagnifolium]]'' - Silverleaf nightshade
*''[[Potato bush|S. ellipticum]]'' - Potato bush
*''[[potato tree|S. erianthum]]'' - Mullein nightshade, Potato tree
*''[[Fendler's horsenettle |S. fendleri]]'' - Fendler's horsenettle
*''[[Hairy-fruited eggplant|S. ferox]]'' - Hairy-fruited eggplant, Thai hairy-fruited eggplant
*''[[forked nightshade|S. furcatum]]'' - Forked nightshade
*''[[Solanum galapagense|S. galapagense]]''<!-- Systemat.Biodivers.1:29 -->
*''[[Chilean nightshade|S. gayanum]]'' - Chilean nightshade
*''[[Solanum gilo|S. gilo]]'' - Scarlet Eggplant, Gilo (Brazilian ''jiló'')
*''[[Solanum glaucum|S. glaucum]]''
*''[[waxyleaf nightshade|S. glaucophyllum]]'' - Waxyleaf nightshade
*''[[slender nightshade|S. gracilius]]'' - Slender nightshade
[[Image:Solanum-sisymbriifolium3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Forked Nightshade (''Solanum sisymbriifolium)'']]
*''[[Solanum haleakalense|S. haleakalense]]''
*''[[melonleaf nightshade|S. heterodoxum]]'' - Melon-leaf nightshade
*''[[Hinds' nightshade|S. hindsianum]]'' - Hinds' nightshade
*''[[Solanum huaylasense|S. huaylasense]]''
*''S. hyporhodium'' - synonym of ''[[Solanum sessiliflorum|S. sessiliflorum]]''
*''[[Solanum imcompletum|S. imcompletum]]''
*''[[Solanum incanum|S. incanum]]''
*''[[Popolo ku mai|S. incompletum]]'' - Popolo ku mai
*''[[Solanum integrifolium|S. integrifolium]]'' - Five-minute plant
*''[[Solanum interius|S. interius]]''
*''[[Jamaican nightshade|S. jamaicense]]'' - Jamaican nightshade
*''[[Solanum jamesii|S. jamesii]]'' - Wild potato
*''[[jasmine nightshade|S. jasminoides]]'' - Jasmine nightshade
*''[[Indian nightshade|S. khasianum]]'' - Indian nightshade
*''[[lanceleaf nightshade | S. lanceifolium]]'' - Lanceleaf nightshade
*''[[Solanum lanceolatum| S. lanceolatum]]'' - Orangeberry nightshade
*''[[tigna potato|S. leptosepalum]]'' - Tigna potato
*''[[Solanum linnaeanum|S. linnaeanum]]'' - Apple of Sodom (Hawaii)
*''[[Sonoran nightshade|S. lumholtzianum]]'' - Sonoran nightshade
*''[[Wolf Apple|S. lycocarpum]]'' - Wolf Apple, fruta-de-lobo
*''[[Solanum lycopersicoides|S. lycopersicoides]]'' - Peruvian wolf peach
*''[[tomato|S. lycopersicum]]'' (syn. ''Lycopersicon lycopersicum'') - Tomato
*''[[Solanum macrocarpon|S. macrocarpon]]''
[[Image:Solanum mammosum.jpg|thumb|250px|''[[Solanum mammosum]]'']]
*''[[Solanum mammosum|S. mammosum]]'' - Nipplefruit
[[Image:Solanum maritimum 002.jpg|thumb|Solanum marginatum]]
*''[[white-margined nightshade|S. marginatum]]'' - White-margined nightshade
*''[[Solanum mauritianum|S. mauritianum]]'' - Earleaf nightshade
*''[[garden huckleberry|S. melanocerasum]]''(syn. ''Solanum scabrum'') - Garden huckleberry
*''[[eggplant|S. melongena]]'' - Eggplant
*''[[Solanum mucronatum|S. mucronatum]]'' - Pepino
*''[[Solanum muricatum|S. muricatum]]'' - Pepino
*''[[Nelson's horsenettle|S. nelsonii]]'' - Nelson's horsenettle
*''[[divine nightshade|S. nigrescens]]'' - Divine nightshade
*''[[Solanum nigrum|S. nigrum]]'' - Black or blackberry nightshade
*''[[forest nightshade|S. nudum]]'' - Forest nightshade
*''[[Easter eggplant|S. ovigerum]]'' - Easter eggplant
*''[[Parish's nightshade|S. parishii]]'' - Parish's nightshade
*''[[Solanum pericifolium|S. pericifolium]]''
*''[[berengena de playa|S. persicifolium]]'' - Berengena de playa
*''[[Peruvian nightshade|S. peruvianum]]'' - Peruvian Nightshade, wild tomato
*''[[Solanum phureja|S. phureja]]''
*''[[hairy nightshade|S. physalifolium]]'' - Hairy nightshade
*''[[currant tomato|S. pimpinellifolium]]'' - Currant tomato<!-- Systemat.Biodivers.1:29 -->
*''[[tansyleaf nightshade|S. pinnatisectum]]'' - Tansyleaf nightshade
*''[[cakalaka berry|S. polygamum]]'' - Cakalaka berry
[[Image:Solanum pseudocapsicum.jpg|thumb|250px|Solanum pseudocapsicum fruit]]
*''[[Jerusalem cherry|S. pseudocapsicum]]'' - Jerusalem cherry
*''[[glowing nightshade|S. pseudogracile]]'' - Glowing nightshade
*''[[eastern black nightshade|S. ptycanthum]]'' - Eastern black nightshade
*''[[Solanum paniculatum|S. paniculatum]]'' - Jurubeba
*''[[Solanum pyracanthum|S. pyracanthum]]'' - Porcupine Tomato - Devil's Thorn
*''[[Solanum pyrifolium|S. pyrifolium]]''
*''[[Solanum quadriloculatum|S. quadriloculatum]]'' - Bush Tomato or Wild Tomato
*''[[naranjilla|S. quitoense]]'' - Naranjilla
*''[[canker berry|S. racemosum]]'' - Canker berry
*''[[Solanum rantonnetii|S. rantonnetii]]'' - Potato bush
*''[[Riedle's nightshade|S. riedlei]]'' - Riedle's nightshade
*''[[shrubby nightshade|S. robustum]]'' - Shrubby nightshade
[[Image:Buffalo Bur (Solanum rostratum).jpg|right|thumb|250px|Flowers of ''S. rostratum'']]
*''[[Texas thistle|S. rostratum]]'' - Texas thistle or Buffalo bur
*''[[tabacon aspero|S. rugosum]]'' - Tabacon aspero
*''[[Hawaii horsenettle|S. sandwicense]]'' - Hawaii horsenettle
*''[[Solanum sarrachoides|S. sarrachoides]]'' - Green nightshade
*''[[Brazilian nightshade|S. seaforthianum]]'' - Brazilian nightshade
*''[[Solanum sessiliflorum|S. sessiliflorum]]'' - Cocona
*''[[sticky nightshade|S. sisymbrifolium]]'' - Sticky nightshade; fire-and-ice
*''[[Solanum surattense|S. surattense]]''
*''[[wetland nightshade|S. tampicense]]'' - Wetland nightshade
*''[[San Diego nightshade|S. tenuilobatum]]'' - San Diego nightshade
*''[[fancy nightshade|S. tenuipes]]'' - Fancy nightshade
*''[[Solanum torvum|S. torvum]]'' - Devil's fig
*''[[cutleaf nightshade|S. triflorum]]'' - Cutleaf nightshade
*''[[Solanum trilobatum|S. trilobatum]]
*''[[Solanum triqetrum|S. triquetrum]]'' - [[Texas nightshade]]
*''[[Potato|S. tuberosum]]'' - Potato
*''[[Solanum umbelliferum|S. umbelliferum]]'' - Bluewitch nightshade
*''[[Solanum viarum|S. viarum]]'' - Tropical soda apple
*''[[Hairy nightshade|S. villosum]]'' - Hairy nightshade
*''[[green nightshade|S. viride]]'' - Green nightshade. [[Cultivar]] from Fiji: ''S. anthropophagorum''
*''[[Solanum wallacei|S. wallacei]]'' - Wallace's nightshade, Catalina Nightshade
*''[[Solanum wendlandi|S. wendlandii]]'' - Giant potatocreeper
*''[[Solanum woodburyi|S. woodburyi]]'' - Woodbury's nightshade
*''[[purple nightshade|S. xanti]]'' - Purple nightshade
''[[Solanum chrysotrichum|S. chrysotrichum]]'' has been shown to be an effective treatment for [[Seborrhoeic dermatitis]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15241887?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum PubMed]</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.nhm.ac.uk/solanaceaesource/ Solanaceae Source] - A worldwide taxonomic monograph of all species in the genus ''Solanum''.
{{wikispecies|Solanum}}
{{wikicommons|Solanum}}
[[Category:Solanum| ]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
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