Solanum 65733 225175757 2008-07-12T08:19:03Z Tj9991 192259 [[WP:UNDO|Undid]] revision 225175690 by [[Special:Contributions/204.49.181.150|204.49.181.150]] ([[User talk:204.49.181.150|talk]]) :''For the fictional zombification virus, see [[The_Zombie_Survival_Guide#Solanum|The Zombie Survival Guide]].'' {{Taxobox | name = ''Solanum'' | image = Solanum sodomeum.JPG | image_width = 250px | image_caption = Fruit of ''[[Solanum linnaeanum]]'' | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | divisio = [[flowering plants|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]] | subclassis = [[Asteridae]] | ordo = [[Solanales]] | familia = [[Solanaceae]] | genus = '''''Solanum''''' | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]],<ref> {{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?11264 |title=Solanum information from NPGS/GRIN |publisher=www.ars-grin.gov |accessdate=2008-03-18 |last= |first= }} </ref> [[1753]] | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = Some 1500-2000, see text. }} '''''Solanum''''' is a large, variable [[genus]] of [[annual plant]]s and [[perennial plant]]s, [[forb]]s, [[vine]]s, [[sub-shrub]]s, [[shrub]]s, and small [[tree]]s. They often have attractive fruit and flowers. They are [[poison]]ous to humans (though not necessarily to other animals), but many bear edible [[fruit]]s, [[leaf|leaves]], or [[tuber]]s, and the genus includes several cultivated species, including three major food crops: * [[Tomato]], ''Solanum lycopersicum'' (sometimes classed as ''Lycopersicon esculentum'') * [[Potato]], ''Solanum tuberosum'' * [[Eggplant]], ''Solanum melongena'' ''Solanum'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species ([[butterflies]] and [[moth]]s) - see [[list of Lepidoptera that feed on Solanum]]. Recently a new section was added to the genus, section ''Lycopersicon'' containing [[wild tomato]]es. == Selected species == *''[[sodaapple nightshade|S. aculeastrum]]'' - Sodaapple nightshade *''[[sonoita nightshade|S. adscendens]]'' - Sonoita nightshade *''[[Solanum aethiopicum|S. aethiopicum]]'' - Ethiopian nightshade or nakati *''[[Solanum americanum|S. americanum]]'' - Purple or glossy nightshade; American black nightshade; [[Poroporo]] *''[[Solanum arcanum|S. arcanum]]'' Wild Tomato *''[[Poroporo|S. aviculare]]'' - [[Poroporo]] *''[[Solanum bahamense|S. bahamense]]'' - Bahama nightshade *''[[Solanum bulbocastanum|S. bulbocastanum]]'' - Ornamental nightshade *''[[Solanum burbankii|S. burbankii]]'' - Wonderberry *''[[Solanum campechiense|S. campechiense]]'' - Redberry nightshade *''[[Solanum canasense|S. canasense]]'' (Also known as ''S. bukasovi'')[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?100892] [[:Image:Solanum canasense0.jpg|image]] *''[[Solanum capsicastrum|S. capsicastrum]]'' - False Jerusalem cherry *''[[Solanum capsicoides|S. capsicoides]]'' - Cockroach berry *''[[Solanum cardiophyllum|S. cardiophyllum]]'' - Heartleaf nightshade *''[[Carolina horsenettle|S. carolinense]]'' - Apple of Sodom, Horsenettle *''[[Australian desert raisin|S. centrale]]'' - Australian desert raisin (Kutjera) *''[[Solanum commersonii|S. cheesmaniae]]''<!-- Systemat.Biodivers.1:29 --> *''[[Solanum chenopodioides|S. chenopodioides]]'' - Goosefoot nightshade *''[[Solanum chrysotrichum|S. chrysotrichum]]'' - Giant devil's-fig *''[[Solanum citrullifolium|S. citrullifolium]]'' - Watermelon nightshade *''[[Bush Tomato|S. cleistogamum]]'' - Bush Tomato *''[[Solanum clokeyi|S. clokeyi]]'' - Clokey's nightshade [[Image:Solanum melongena0.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Eggplant (''Solanum melongena'') ]] *''[[Solanum commersonii|S. commersonii]]'' - Commerson's nightshade *''[[Solanum conocarpum|S. conocarpum]]'' - Marron bacoba *''[[Solanum crispum|S. crispum]]'' - Chilean potato vine *''[[Solanum davisensen|S. davisensen]]'' - Davis horsenettle *''[[Solanum demissum|S. demissum]]'' - Dwarf wild potato *''[[Solanum dimidiatum|S. dimidiatum]]'' - Torrey's nightshade *''[[Solanum diphyllum|S. diphyllum]]'' - Twinleaf nightshade *''[[Solanum donianum|S. donianum]]'' - Mullein nightshade *''[[Solanum douglasii|S. douglasii]]'' - Greenspot nightshade *''[[Solanum drymophilum|S. drymophilum]]'' - Erubia *''[[Solanum dulcamara|S. dulcamara]]'' - Bittersweet *''[[Solanum elaeagnifolium|S. elaeagnifolium]]'' - Silverleaf nightshade *''[[Potato bush|S. ellipticum]]'' - Potato bush *''[[potato tree|S. erianthum]]'' - Mullein nightshade, Potato tree *''[[Fendler's horsenettle |S. fendleri]]'' - Fendler's horsenettle *''[[Hairy-fruited eggplant|S. ferox]]'' - Hairy-fruited eggplant, Thai hairy-fruited eggplant *''[[forked nightshade|S. furcatum]]'' - Forked nightshade *''[[Solanum galapagense|S. galapagense]]''<!-- Systemat.Biodivers.1:29 --> *''[[Chilean nightshade|S. gayanum]]'' - Chilean nightshade *''[[Solanum gilo|S. gilo]]'' - Scarlet Eggplant, Gilo (Brazilian ''jiló'') *''[[Solanum glaucum|S. glaucum]]'' *''[[waxyleaf nightshade|S. glaucophyllum]]'' - Waxyleaf nightshade *''[[slender nightshade|S. gracilius]]'' - Slender nightshade [[Image:Solanum-sisymbriifolium3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Forked Nightshade (''Solanum sisymbriifolium)'']] *''[[Solanum haleakalense|S. haleakalense]]'' *''[[melonleaf nightshade|S. heterodoxum]]'' - Melon-leaf nightshade *''[[Hinds' nightshade|S. hindsianum]]'' - Hinds' nightshade *''[[Solanum huaylasense|S. huaylasense]]'' *''S. hyporhodium'' - synonym of ''[[Solanum sessiliflorum|S. sessiliflorum]]'' *''[[Solanum imcompletum|S. imcompletum]]'' *''[[Solanum incanum|S. incanum]]'' *''[[Popolo ku mai|S. incompletum]]'' - Popolo ku mai *''[[Solanum integrifolium|S. integrifolium]]'' - Five-minute plant *''[[Solanum interius|S. interius]]'' *''[[Jamaican nightshade|S. jamaicense]]'' - Jamaican nightshade *''[[Solanum jamesii|S. jamesii]]'' - Wild potato *''[[jasmine nightshade|S. jasminoides]]'' - Jasmine nightshade *''[[Indian nightshade|S. khasianum]]'' - Indian nightshade *''[[lanceleaf nightshade | S. lanceifolium]]'' - Lanceleaf nightshade *''[[Solanum lanceolatum| S. lanceolatum]]'' - Orangeberry nightshade *''[[tigna potato|S. leptosepalum]]'' - Tigna potato *''[[Solanum linnaeanum|S. linnaeanum]]'' - Apple of Sodom (Hawaii) *''[[Sonoran nightshade|S. lumholtzianum]]'' - Sonoran nightshade *''[[Wolf Apple|S. lycocarpum]]'' - Wolf Apple, fruta-de-lobo *''[[Solanum lycopersicoides|S. lycopersicoides]]'' - Peruvian wolf peach *''[[tomato|S. lycopersicum]]'' (syn. ''Lycopersicon lycopersicum'') - Tomato *''[[Solanum macrocarpon|S. macrocarpon]]'' [[Image:Solanum mammosum.jpg|thumb|250px|''[[Solanum mammosum]]'']] *''[[Solanum mammosum|S. mammosum]]'' - Nipplefruit [[Image:Solanum maritimum 002.jpg|thumb|Solanum marginatum]] *''[[white-margined nightshade|S. marginatum]]'' - White-margined nightshade *''[[Solanum mauritianum|S. mauritianum]]'' - Earleaf nightshade *''[[garden huckleberry|S. melanocerasum]]''(syn. ''Solanum scabrum'') - Garden huckleberry *''[[eggplant|S. melongena]]'' - Eggplant *''[[Solanum mucronatum|S. mucronatum]]'' - Pepino *''[[Solanum muricatum|S. muricatum]]'' - Pepino *''[[Nelson's horsenettle|S. nelsonii]]'' - Nelson's horsenettle *''[[divine nightshade|S. nigrescens]]'' - Divine nightshade *''[[Solanum nigrum|S. nigrum]]'' - Black or blackberry nightshade *''[[forest nightshade|S. nudum]]'' - Forest nightshade *''[[Easter eggplant|S. ovigerum]]'' - Easter eggplant *''[[Parish's nightshade|S. parishii]]'' - Parish's nightshade *''[[Solanum pericifolium|S. pericifolium]]'' *''[[berengena de playa|S. persicifolium]]'' - Berengena de playa *''[[Peruvian nightshade|S. peruvianum]]'' - Peruvian Nightshade, wild tomato *''[[Solanum phureja|S. phureja]]'' *''[[hairy nightshade|S. physalifolium]]'' - Hairy nightshade *''[[currant tomato|S. pimpinellifolium]]'' - Currant tomato<!-- Systemat.Biodivers.1:29 --> *''[[tansyleaf nightshade|S. pinnatisectum]]'' - Tansyleaf nightshade *''[[cakalaka berry|S. polygamum]]'' - Cakalaka berry [[Image:Solanum pseudocapsicum.jpg|thumb|250px|Solanum pseudocapsicum fruit]] *''[[Jerusalem cherry|S. pseudocapsicum]]'' - Jerusalem cherry *''[[glowing nightshade|S. pseudogracile]]'' - Glowing nightshade *''[[eastern black nightshade|S. ptycanthum]]'' - Eastern black nightshade *''[[Solanum paniculatum|S. paniculatum]]'' - Jurubeba *''[[Solanum pyracanthum|S. pyracanthum]]'' - Porcupine Tomato - Devil's Thorn *''[[Solanum pyrifolium|S. pyrifolium]]'' *''[[Solanum quadriloculatum|S. quadriloculatum]]'' - Bush Tomato or Wild Tomato *''[[naranjilla|S. quitoense]]'' - Naranjilla *''[[canker berry|S. racemosum]]'' - Canker berry *''[[Solanum rantonnetii|S. rantonnetii]]'' - Potato bush *''[[Riedle's nightshade|S. riedlei]]'' - Riedle's nightshade *''[[shrubby nightshade|S. robustum]]'' - Shrubby nightshade [[Image:Buffalo Bur (Solanum rostratum).jpg|right|thumb|250px|Flowers of ''S. rostratum'']] *''[[Texas thistle|S. rostratum]]'' - Texas thistle or Buffalo bur *''[[tabacon aspero|S. rugosum]]'' - Tabacon aspero *''[[Hawaii horsenettle|S. sandwicense]]'' - Hawaii horsenettle *''[[Solanum sarrachoides|S. sarrachoides]]'' - Green nightshade *''[[Brazilian nightshade|S. seaforthianum]]'' - Brazilian nightshade *''[[Solanum sessiliflorum|S. sessiliflorum]]'' - Cocona *''[[sticky nightshade|S. sisymbrifolium]]'' - Sticky nightshade; fire-and-ice *''[[Solanum surattense|S. surattense]]'' *''[[wetland nightshade|S. tampicense]]'' - Wetland nightshade *''[[San Diego nightshade|S. tenuilobatum]]'' - San Diego nightshade *''[[fancy nightshade|S. tenuipes]]'' - Fancy nightshade *''[[Solanum torvum|S. torvum]]'' - Devil's fig *''[[cutleaf nightshade|S. triflorum]]'' - Cutleaf nightshade *''[[Solanum trilobatum|S. trilobatum]] *''[[Solanum triqetrum|S. triquetrum]]'' - [[Texas nightshade]] *''[[Potato|S. tuberosum]]'' - Potato *''[[Solanum umbelliferum|S. umbelliferum]]'' - Bluewitch nightshade *''[[Solanum viarum|S. viarum]]'' - Tropical soda apple *''[[Hairy nightshade|S. villosum]]'' - Hairy nightshade *''[[green nightshade|S. viride]]'' - Green nightshade. [[Cultivar]] from Fiji: ''S. anthropophagorum'' *''[[Solanum wallacei|S. wallacei]]'' - Wallace's nightshade, Catalina Nightshade *''[[Solanum wendlandi|S. wendlandii]]'' - Giant potatocreeper *''[[Solanum woodburyi|S. woodburyi]]'' - Woodbury's nightshade *''[[purple nightshade|S. xanti]]'' - Purple nightshade ''[[Solanum chrysotrichum|S. chrysotrichum]]'' has been shown to be an effective treatment for [[Seborrhoeic dermatitis]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15241887?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum PubMed]</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.nhm.ac.uk/solanaceaesource/ Solanaceae Source] - A worldwide taxonomic monograph of all species in the genus ''Solanum''. {{wikispecies|Solanum}} {{wikicommons|Solanum}} [[Category:Solanum| ]] [[Category:Medicinal plants]] [[cs:Lilek]] [[da:Natskygge]] [[de:Nachtschatten]] [[es:Solanum]] [[fr:Solanum]] [[it:Solanum]] [[he:סולנום]] [[la:Solanum (genus)]] [[lt:Kiauliauogė]] [[hu:Ebszőlő]] [[nl:Nachtschade]] [[ja:ナス属]] [[no:Søtvier]] [[pl:Psianka]] [[pt:Solanum]] [[ro:Solanum]] [[fi:Koisot]] [[sv:Skattor]] [[ta:மணத்தக்காளி]] [[to:Polohauaiʻi]] [[tr:Solanum]] [[zh:茄屬]]